对jdbc的封装的总结

记得自己刚开始学习java的时候，操作数据库都是写一大堆的代码，getXX ,setXX 的代码到处都是，而且 每次都是从ResultSet中一个个的取出数据 set到vo 中，等学习了hibernate后，由于hibernate出色的设计，已经不用再那么麻烦的写重复而繁琐的数据库操作代码。
不过基于对初识java时候jdbc留下的深刻印象，自己业余时候对jdbc进行了下简单的封装，下面就是代码：

[color=red]用于dao继承的jdbc的封装对象 JdbcTemplate,使用的时候 继承此类即可。[/color]

package org.jutil.jdbc.base;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

public abstract class JdbcTemplate<T extends Object> {

	private static int commit = 100; // 每100条记录一提交
	private static boolean hasNext = false;
	private DataSource dataSource;

	/**
	 * 注入数据源
	 * 
	 * @param dataSource
	 */
	public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
		this.dataSource = dataSource;
	}

	private DataSource getDataSource() {
		return dataSource;
	}

	/**
	 * 获得接口中泛型的实例
	 * 
	 * @param index
	 * @return
	 */
	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	private Class getGenericType(int index) {
		Type genType = getClass().getGenericSuperclass();
		if (!(genType instanceof ParameterizedType)) {
			return Object.class;
		}
		Type[] params = ((ParameterizedType) genType).getActualTypeArguments();
		if (index >= params.length || index < 0) {
			throw new RuntimeException("Index outof bounds");
		}
		if (!(params[index] instanceof Class)) {
			return Object.class;
		}
		return (Class) params[index];
	}

	/**
	 * 得到Connection
	 * 
	 * @return
	 * @throws SQLException
	 */
	private Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
		Connection connection = getDataSource() == null ? null: getDataSource().getConnection();
		return connection == null ? JdbcUtil.getInstance().getConnection(): connection;
	}

	/**
	 * 根据泛型T实体的给出的字段、查询语句、参数得到一个有数据的T实体对象
	 * 注：bean的字段名称必须与数据库查询结果列名一致
	 * 
	 * @param sql 查询语句
	 * @param args 参数
	 * @return T
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public T uniqueResult(String sql,Object... args) {
		return this.uniqueResult(null, null, sql, args);
	}

	/**
	 * 根据泛型T实体的给出的字段、查询语句、参数得到一个有数据的T实体对象
	 * 
	 * @param fieldNames 要设置值的字段
	 * @param sql 查询语句
	 * @param args 参数
	 * @return T
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	public T uniqueResult(String[] fieldNames, String[] rsClums, String sql,Object... args) {
		sqlValidate(sql);
		Object obj = null;
		Connection conn = null;
		PreparedStatement pstat = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		try {
			conn = getConnection();
			pstat = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			for (int i = 1; i <= args.length; i++) {
				pstat.setObject(i, args[i - 1]);
			}
			rs = pstat.executeQuery();
			if(fieldNames==null||rsClums==null){
				obj = convertObject(rs);
			}else{
				obj = convertObject(fieldNames, rsClums, rs);
			}
			pstat.close();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			free(rs, pstat, conn);
		}
		return (T) obj;
	}

	/**
	 * 执行SQL语句方法,添加，修改，删除。没有 预编译
	 * 
	 * @param sql
	 * @return
	 */
	public boolean execute(String sql, Object... args) {
		sqlValidate(sql);
		Connection conn = null;
		PreparedStatement pstat = null;
		boolean flag = false;
		try {
			conn = getConnection();
			pstat = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			for (int i = 1; i <= args.length; i++) {
				pstat.setObject(i, args[i - 1]);
			}
			flag = pstat.execute();
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			free(null, pstat, conn);
		}
		return flag;
	}

	/**
	 * 执行SQL查询语句方法，返回结果集对象
	 * 
	 * @param sql
	 * @return
	 */
	public ResultSet executeQuery(String sql, Object... args) {
		sqlValidate(sql);
		Connection conn = null;
		PreparedStatement pstat = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		try {
			conn = getConnection();
			pstat = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			for (int i = 1; i <= args.length; i++) {
				pstat.setObject(i, args[i - 1]);
			}
			rs = pstat.executeQuery();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			free(null, pstat, conn);
		}
		return rs;
	}

	/**
	 * 功能描述：[新增、修改、删除]操作
	 * 
	 * @param sql
	 *            sql语句
	 * @param args
	 *            参数
	 * @return int 成功返回1 否则返回0
	 * @author <a href="mailto:seyaa-ls@hotmail.com">万大龙</a> create on:2011-1-21
	 */
	public int executeUpdate(String sql, Object... args) {
		sqlValidate(sql);
		Connection conn = null;
		PreparedStatement pstat = null;
		int r = 0;
		try {
			conn = getConnection();
			pstat = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			for (int i = 1; i <= args.length; i++) {
				pstat.setObject(i, args[i - 1]);
			}
			r = pstat.executeUpdate();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			free(null, pstat, conn);
		}
		return r;
	}

	/**
	 * 功能描述：批量[新增、修改、删除]操作；默认100条记录提交一次
	 * 
	 * @param sql
	 *            批量插入操作sql语句
	 * @param args
	 *            参数
	 * @return List<String> 操作成功后的标识集合
	 * @author <a href="mailto:seyaa-ls@hotmail.com">万大龙</a> create on:2011-1-21
	 */
	public boolean executeBatch(String sql, Object[][] args) {
		return executeBatch(commit, sql, args);
	}

	/**
	 * 功能描述：批量[新增、修改、删除]操作
	 * 
	 * @param commit
	 *            每多少条记录提交一次的参数 默认：100
	 * @param sql
	 *            批量插入操作sql语句
	 * @param args
	 *            参数
	 * @return List<String> 操作成功后的标识集合
	 * @author <a href="mailto:seyaa-ls@hotmail.com">万大龙</a> create on:2011-1-21
	 */
	public boolean executeBatch(int commit, String sql, Object[][] args) {
		sqlValidate(sql);
		Connection conn = null;
		PreparedStatement pstat = null;
		boolean flag = false;
		try {
			// 1. 建立与数据库的连接
			conn = getConnection();
			conn.setAutoCommit(false);
			pstat = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			commBatchExcute(commit, sql, args, conn, pstat);
			flag = true;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			flag = false;
			commRollback(conn);
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			free(null, pstat, conn);
		}
		return flag;
	}

	/**
	 * 回滚操作
	 * 
	 * @param conn
	 */
	private void commRollback(Connection conn) {
		// 若出现异常，对数据库中所有已完成的操作全部撤销，则回滚到事务开始状态
		try {
			if (!conn.isClosed()) {
				conn.rollback();// 4,当异常发生执行catch中SQLException时，记得要rollback(回滚)；
				System.out.println("批量执行失败，事务回滚！");
				conn.setAutoCommit(true);
			}
		} catch (SQLException e1) {
			e1.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 批量任务 核心 方法
	 * 
	 * @param commit
	 * @param sql
	 * @param args
	 * @param conn
	 * @param pstat
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	private void commBatchExcute(int commit, String sql, Object[][] args,
			Connection conn, PreparedStatement pstat) throws Exception {
		int rowsTmp = 0;
		for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
			Object[] temp = args[i];
			for (int t = 1; t <= temp.length; t++) {
				Object value = temp[t - 1];
				pstat.setObject(t, value);
			}
			// 将上面的参数添加到此 PreparedStatement 对象的批处理命令中。
			pstat.addBatch();
			if (rowsTmp % commit == 0) {// 每500条记录一提交
				pstat.executeBatch();
				conn.commit();
				if (null == conn) { // 如果连接关闭了 就在创建一个 为什么要这样 原因是
					// conn.commit()后可能conn被关闭
					conn = getConnection();
					conn.setAutoCommit(false);
				}
			}
			rowsTmp++;
		}
		// 将一批参数提交给数据库来执行，如果全部命令执行成功，则返回更新计数组成的数组。
		pstat.executeBatch();
		conn.commit();// 2,进行手动提交（commit）
		conn.setAutoCommit(true);// 3,提交完成后回复现场将Auto commit,还原为true,
	}

	/**
	 * 功能描述：查询一行记录，返回以HashMap为一行记录
	 * 
	 * @param sql
	 *            用于查询的sql语句
	 * @param args
	 *            sql预编译的参数
	 * @return HashMap<String,Object> 结果集
	 * @author <a href="mailto:seyaa-ls@hotmail.com">万大龙</a> create on:2011-1-21
	 */
	public HashMap<String, Object> executeQueryToMap(String sql, Object... args) {
		sqlValidate(sql);
		Connection conn = null;
		PreparedStatement pstat = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		HashMap<String, Object> result = new HashMap<String, Object>(0);
		try {
			conn = getConnection();
			pstat = conn.prepareStatement(sql, ResultSet.TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY,
					ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY);
			for (int i = 1; i <= args.length; i++) {
				pstat.setObject(i, args[i - 1]);
			}
			rs = pstat.executeQuery();
			ResultSetMetaData rsm = pstat.getMetaData();
			while (rs.next()) {
				for (int i = 1; i <= rsm.getColumnCount(); i++) {
					Object value = rs.getObject(i);
					result.put(rsm.getColumnName(i), value);
				}
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			free(rs, pstat, conn);
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * 
	 * 功能描述：查询全部结果，返回以HashMap为一行记录结果的List集合
	 * 
	 * @param sql
	 *            用于查询的sql语句
	 * @param args
	 *            sql预编译的参数
	 * @return List<HashMap<String,Object>> 结果集
	 * @author <a href="mailto:seyaa-ls@hotmail.com">万大龙</a> create on:2011-1-21
	 */
	public List<HashMap<String, Object>> executeQueryAllToMap(String sql,
			Object... args) {
		sqlValidate(sql);
		Connection conn = null;
		PreparedStatement pstat = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		List<HashMap<String, Object>> result = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>>(
				0);
		HashMap<String, Object> temp = null;
		try {
			conn = getConnection();
			pstat = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			for (int i = 1; i <= args.length; i++) {
				pstat.setObject(i, args[i - 1]);
			}
			rs = pstat.executeQuery();
			ResultSetMetaData rsm = pstat.getMetaData();
			while (rs.next()) {
				temp = new HashMap<String, Object>();
				for (int i = 1; i <= rsm.getColumnCount(); i++) {
					Object value = rs.getObject(i);
					temp.put(rsm.getColumnName(i), value);
				}
				result.add(temp);
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			free(rs, pstat, conn);
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * 
	 * 
	 * 功能描述：查询全部结果，返回泛型中最终指明的对象的结果List集合
	 * 
	 * @param sql用于查询的sql语句
	 * @param args sql预编译的参数
	 * @return List<T> 结果集
	 * @author <a href="mailto:seyaa-ls@hotmail.com">万大龙</a>
	 * create on: 2011-1-21
	 * 
	 */
	public List<T> executeQueryAllToList(String sql, Object... args) {
		return this.executeQueryAllToList(null,null,sql, args);
	}

	/**
	 * 
	 * 
	 * 功能描述：查询全部结果，返回泛型中最终指明的对象的结果List集合
	 * 
	 * @param sql
	 *            用于查询的sql语句
	 * @param obj
	 *            要设置值的对象
	 * @param toSetFirlds
	 *            要设置值的字段
	 * @param toGetClums
	 *            要从ResultSet中取结果的列表 toGetClums必须与toSetFirlds参数按顺序一一对应，否则会出现数据错误
	 * @param args
	 *            sql预编译的参数
	 * @return List<T> 结果集
	 * @author <a href="mailto:seyaa-ls@hotmail.com">万大龙</a> create on:
	 *         2011-1-21
	 * 
	 */
	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	public List<T> executeQueryAllToList(String[] beanFields, String[] rsClums,String sql, Object... args) {
		sqlValidate(sql);
		Connection conn = null;
		PreparedStatement pstat = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		List<T> result = new ArrayList<T>(0);
		try {
			conn = getConnection();
			pstat = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			for (int i = 1; i <= args.length; i++) {
				pstat.setObject(i, args[i - 1]);
			}
			rs = pstat.executeQuery();
			while (rs.next()) {
				hasNext = true;
				Object obj = null;
				if(beanFields==null||rsClums==null){
					obj = convertObject(rs);
				}else{
					obj = convertObject(beanFields, rsClums, rs);
				}
				result.add((T) obj);
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			free(rs, pstat, conn);
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * 将结果集中数据 转换到 bean 中
	 * 
	 * @param beanFields
	 *            bean要赋值的字段
	 * @param rsClums
	 *            要取值的列名
	 * @param rs
	 *            ResultSet 结果集
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	private Object convertObject(String[] beanFields, String[] rsClums,ResultSet rs) throws Exception {
		Field[] fields;
		Object obj = getGenericType(0) != null ? (getGenericType(0).newInstance()) : null;
		if (obj != null) {
			String[] colNames = getColNames(rs);
			try {
				if (!hasNext) {
					rs.next();
				}
				fields = obj.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
				int cl = beanFields.length > rsClums.length ? rsClums.length
						: beanFields.length;
				for (int j = 0; j < cl; j++) {
					String clumName = colNames[j];// 该列的列名
					Object clumValue = rs.getObject(j + 1);// 该列的值
					String toGetClumName = rsClums[j];// 要从结果取出要取的列名
					String fieldName = beanFields[j];// 要给对象设置字的字段名
					String methodName = "set"+ fieldName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase()+ fieldName.substring(1, fieldName.length());
					if (clumName.equals(toGetClumName)) {
						for (Field field : fields) {
							field.setAccessible(true); // 设置些属性是可以访问的
							if (field.getName().equals(fieldName)) {
								Method m = obj.getClass().getMethod(methodName,clumValue == null ? null : clumValue.getClass());
								m.invoke(obj, clumValue);// 调用obj对象的这个方法
								break;
							}
						}
					}
				}
			} catch (SecurityException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return obj;
	}

	/**
	 * 列表列名与bean对象字段名称相同的时候使用
	 * @param rs
	 * @return
	 */
	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	private Object convertObject(ResultSet rs) {
		Object object = null;
		try {
			Class clazz = getGenericType(0);
			String[] colNames;
			colNames = getColNames(rs);
			// 得到所有的列名
			Method[] ms = clazz.getMethods();// 得到javaBean中所有set或get方法
			if (rs.next()) {
				object = clazz.newInstance();
				for (int i = 0; i < colNames.length; i++) {
					String colName = colNames[i];
					String methodName = "set"+ colName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase()+ colName.substring(1, colName.length());
					for (Method m : ms) {
						if (methodName.equals(m.getName())) {
							m.invoke(object, rs.getObject(colName));// 调用set方法,将该列的值放到set方法当中去.
							break;
						}
					}
				}
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return object;
	}

	private void sqlValidate(String sql) {
		if (sql == null || sql.trim().length() < 0) {
			throw new RuntimeException("sql sentence is null or is '' ");
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 从ResultSet中的到查询结果的列
	 * 
	 * @param rs
	 * @return
	 * @throws SQLException
	 */
	private static String[] getColNames(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {
		ResultSetMetaData rsmd = rs.getMetaData();
		int count = rsmd.getColumnCount();
		String[] colNames = new String[count];
		for (int i = 1; i <= count; i++) {
			colNames[i - 1] = rsmd.getColumnLabel(i);
		}
		return colNames;
	}

	// 释放资源
	private void free(ResultSet rs, Statement sta, Connection conn) {
		if (rs != null) {
			try {
				rs.close();
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			} finally {
				if (sta != null) {
					try {
						sta.close();
					} catch (SQLException e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					} finally {
						if (conn != null) {
							//如果dataSource 不为null 说明使用了 spring 或者其他数据源，这里关掉连接
							if(dataSource!=null){
								try {
									conn.close();
								} catch (SQLException e) {
									e.printStackTrace();
								}
							}else{
								//否则是使用了自定义的连接池，将连接重新放到连接池中
								JdbcUtil.free(conn);
							}
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

在上面的封装中，使用到 DataSource ，在使用sping的时候 直接出入DataSource 即可，如果没有spring 也不用担心，在网上找了个连接池的代码，修后如下：

   package org.jutil.jdbc.base;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.Properties;


public class DataSource{

	private InputStream instream;
	private Properties pro;

	private static int initCount = 5;// 初始连接数
	private static int maxCount = 10;// 数据库最大连接数
	private static int currentConnt = 0;// 当前数据库的连接数
	LinkedList<Connection> connectionPool = new LinkedList<Connection>();// 数据库连接池

	// 同包才能方问该类
	DataSource() {
		instream = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("dbconfig.properties");
		pro = new Properties();
		try {
			pro.load(instream);
			String ininc = pro!=null&&pro.getProperty("initCount")==null?"5":pro.getProperty("initCount") ;
			initCount = ininc==null?initCount:Integer.parseInt(ininc);
			String maxc = pro!=null&&pro.getProperty("maxCount")==null?"5":pro.getProperty("maxCount") ;
			maxCount = maxc==null?maxCount:Integer.parseInt(maxc);
			try {
				Class.forName(pro.getProperty("driverClass"));
				for (int i = 1; i <= initCount; i++) {
					this.connectionPool.addLast(this.createConnection());
				}
			} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
				throw new RuntimeException("加载数据库驱动时出错!");
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			throw new RuntimeException("加载配置文件出错!");
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 
	 * Description: 创建数据库的连接
	 * @param 
	 * @return  Connection 
	 * @throws 
	 * @date 2011-3-5 
	 * version 1.0
	 */
	private Connection createConnection() {
		Connection conn = null;
		try {
			conn = DriverManager.getConnection(pro.getProperty("url"), pro.getProperty("username"), pro.getProperty("password"));
			currentConnt++;
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			throw new RuntimeException("创建数据库连接失败!");
		}
		return conn;
	}

	// 得到数据库的连接
	public Connection getConnection() {
		synchronized (connectionPool) {
			if (connectionPool.size() > 0) {
				return connectionPool.removeFirst();
			}
			if (currentConnt < maxCount) {
				Connection coon = this.createConnection();
				this.connectionPool.addLast(coon);
				return coon;
			}
			throw new RuntimeException("数据库已达到最大的连接数!");
		}
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		DataSource d = new DataSource();
		System.out.println(d.connectionPool.size());
	}

}

数据源也有了，还需要另个工具类 JdbcUtil。

   package org.jutil.jdbc.base;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;


@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class JdbcUtil implements Serializable {

	private static JdbcUtil util = null;
	private static DataSource dataSource = null;

	public static void main(String[] args) {
	}

	public static JdbcUtil getInstance() {
		if (util == null) {
			synchronized (JdbcUtil.class) {
				util = new JdbcUtil();
			}
		}
		return util;
	}

	private JdbcUtil(){
		dataSource = new DataSource();
	}

	// 获得连接对象
	public Connection getConnection() {
		return dataSource.getConnection();
	}

		// 释放数据库的连接
	public void freeConnection(Connection conn) {
		this.connectionPool.addLast(conn); // 仍然放到数据库连接池中去了,也没有关掉,这样就可以重复使用
	}
}

最后就是对上面的代码 进行测试了：
一个用测试的bean对象，

 package org.jutil.jdbc.base;
 /**
 * @Title: TestBean.java
 * @Package org.jutil.jdbc.base
 * @Description: TODO(添加描述)
 * @author {hnxyhcwdl1003@163.com} 万大龙
 * @date 2011-3-5 下午11:39:59
 * @version V1.0
 */
public class TestBean {

	Integer id ;
	String name;
	Integer age;
	public Integer getId() {

		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {

		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {

		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {

		this.name = name;
	}
	public Integer getAge() {

		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(Integer age) {

		this.age = age;
	}


}

dao继承的实现类：

 package org.jutil.jdbc.base;
 /**
 * @Title: DaoImpl.java
 * @Package org.jutil.jdbc.base
 * @Description: TODO(添加描述)
 * @author {hnxyhcwdl1003@163.com} 万大龙
 * @date 2011-3-5 下午11:39:37
 * @version V1.0
 */
public class DaoImpl extends JdbcTemplate<TestBean>{

}

单元测试（junit）类：

 package org.jutil.jdbc.base;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;

import junit.framework.TestCase;
 /**
 * @Title: TestJdbc.java
 * @Package org.jutil.jdbc.base
 * @Description: TODO(添加描述)
 * @author {hnxyhcwdl1003@163.com} 万大龙
 * @date 2011-3-5 下午11:39:08
 * @version V1.0
 */
public class TestJdbc extends TestCase{
	DaoImpl impl = null;
	private void init(){
		impl = new DaoImpl();
	}

	public void stestExecute(){
		init();
		impl.execute("INSERT STU (id,name,age)  VALUES(2,'wdl',22)");
	}

	public void stestExecuteBatch(){
		init();
		Object[][] args = {{3,"威震天",20000},{4,"大黄蜂",23000}};
		impl.executeBatch("INSERT STU (id,name,age)  VALUES(?,?,?)", args);
	}

	public void stestExecuteQuery(){
		init();
		Object[] args = {20000};
		ResultSet r = impl.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM STU s WHERE s.age>= ? ", args);
		try {
			while(r.next()){
				System.out.println("id:"+r.getObject(1)+" | name:"+r.getObject(2)+" | age:"+r.getObject(3));
			}
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	public void stestExecuteQueryAllToList(){
		init();
		Object[] args = {20000};
		List<TestBean>  r = impl.executeQueryAllToList("SELECT * FROM STU s WHERE s.age>= ? ", args);
		for(TestBean b:r){
			System.out.println("id:"+b.getId()+" | name:"+b.getName()+" | age:"+b.getAge());
		}
	}

	public void testExecuteQueryToMap(){
		init();
		Object[] args = {20000};
		HashMap<String,Object> b = impl.executeQueryToMap("SELECT * FROM STU s WHERE s.age = ? ", args);
		System.out.println("id:"+b.get("id")+" | name:"+b.get("name")+" | age:"+b.get("age"));
	}

	public void testExecuteQueryAllToMap(){
		init();
		Object[] args = {20000};
		List<HashMap<String,Object>> r = impl.executeQueryAllToMap("SELECT * FROM STU s WHERE s.age>= ? ", args);
		for(HashMap<String,Object> b:r){
			System.out.println("id:"+b.get("id")+" | name:"+b.get("name")+" | age:"+b.get("age"));
		}
	}

	public void testUniqueResult(){
		init();
		Object[] args = {20000};
		TestBean b = impl.uniqueResult("SELECT * FROM STU s WHERE s.age>= ? ", args);
		System.out.println("id:"+b.getId()+" | name:"+b.getName()+" | age:"+b.getAge());
	}
}

最后再附上源码和测试的数据库，方便各位实验，如有问题，请指出，谢谢！

[color=red]
早上突然想起来，如果使用了spring 或者其他的什么数据源，连接会不能被释放。修改了断代码
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