CentOS 8.0 创建LVM分区

1. 创建/dev/sdb5分区

[root@Server ~]# fdisk -l              //查看可用磁盘
Disk /dev/sda: 40 GiB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 46A5EB63-2865-4CEB-9610-34486A1BF0B4

Device       Start      End  Sectors  Size Type
/dev/sda1     2048  1230847  1228800  600M EFI System
/dev/sda2  1230848  3327999  2097152    1G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda3  3328000 83884031 80556032 38.4G Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/cl-root: 36.3 GiB, 39019610112 bytes, 76210176 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/mapper/cl-swap: 2.1 GiB, 2222981120 bytes, 4341760 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/sdb: 100 GiB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

[root@Server ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb          //创建/dev/sdb5分区，并设置分区类型为Linux LVM

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.32.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x0ac19ae2.

Command (m for help): n              //创建新分区
Partition type
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): e                     //选择创建扩展分区
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-209715199, default 2048):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-209715199, default 209715199):

Created a new partition 1 of type 'Extended' and of size 100 GiB.

Command (m for help): n               //创建新分区
All space for primary partitions is in use.
Adding logical partition 5
First sector (4096-209715199, default 4096):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (4096-209715199, default 209715199):

Created a new partition 5 of type 'Linux' and of size 100 GiB.

Command (m for help): p                  //查看分区信息
Disk /dev/sdb: 100 GiB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0ac19ae2

Device     Boot Start       End   Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1        2048 209715199 209713152  100G  5 Extended
/dev/sdb5        4096 209715199 209711104  100G 83 Linux

Command (m for help): t             //设置分区类型
Partition number (1,5, default 5):
Hex code (type L to list all codes): L              //查看分区类型列表

 0  Empty           24  NEC DOS         81  Minix / old Lin bf  Solaris
 1  FAT12           27  Hidden NTFS Win 82  Linux swap / So c1  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
 2  XENIX root      39  Plan 9          83  Linux           c4  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
 3  XENIX usr       3c  PartitionMagic  84  OS/2 hidden or  c6  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
 4  FAT16 <32M      40  Venix 80286     85  Linux extended  c7  Syrinx
 5  Extended        41  PPC PReP Boot   86  NTFS volume set da  Non-FS data
 6  FAT16           42  SFS             87  NTFS volume set db  CP/M / CTOS / .
 7  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d  QNX4.x          88  Linux plaintext de  Dell Utility
 8  AIX             4e  QNX4.x 2nd part 8e  Linux LVM       df  BootIt
 9  AIX bootable    4f  QNX4.x 3rd part 93  Amoeba          e1  DOS access
 a  OS/2 Boot Manag 50  OnTrack DM      94  Amoeba BBT      e3  DOS R/O
 b  W95 FAT32       51  OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f  BSD/OS          e4  SpeedStor
 c  W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52  CP/M            a0  IBM Thinkpad hi ea  Rufus alignment
 e  W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53  OnTrack DM6 Aux a5  FreeBSD         eb  BeOS fs
 f  W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54  OnTrackDM6      a6  OpenBSD         ee  GPT
10  OPUS            55  EZ-Drive        a7  NeXTSTEP        ef  EFI (FAT-12/16/
11  Hidden FAT12    56  Golden Bow      a8  Darwin UFS      f0  Linux/PA-RISC b
12  Compaq diagnost 5c  Priam Edisk     a9  NetBSD          f1  SpeedStor
14  Hidden FAT16 <3 61  SpeedStor       ab  Darwin boot     f4  SpeedStor
16  Hidden FAT16    63  GNU HURD or Sys af  HFS / HFS+      f2  DOS secondary
17  Hidden HPFS/NTF 64  Novell Netware  b7  BSDI fs         fb  VMware VMFS
18  AST SmartSleep  65  Novell Netware  b8  BSDI swap       fc  VMware VMKCORE
1b  Hidden W95 FAT3 70  DiskSecure Mult bb  Boot Wizard hid fd  Linux raid auto
1c  Hidden W95 FAT3 75  PC/IX           bc  Acronis FAT32 L fe  LANstep
1e  Hidden W95 FAT1 80  Old Minix       be  Solaris boot    ff  BBT
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e          //选择分区类型为8e（Linux LVM）

Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'.

Command (m for help): p                  //查看分区信息
Disk /dev/sdb: 100 GiB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0ac19ae2

Device     Boot Start       End   Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1        2048 209715199 209713152  100G  5 Extended
/dev/sdb5        4096 209715199 209711104  100G 8e Linux LVM

Command (m for help): w                //保存配置
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

2. 创建PV

[root@Server ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb5                 //创建/dev/sdb5为新的PV
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb5" successfully created.

[root@Server ~]# pvdisplay            //查看PV信息
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdb5
  VG Name               datavg
  PV Size               <100.00 GiB / not usable 2.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              25599
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          25599
  PV UUID               BAsyjg-PVIe-GjNo-d55M-iBi9-X6jn-KlajeP

  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda3
  VG Name               cl
  PV Size               38.41 GiB / not usable 2.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              9833
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          9833
  PV UUID               BHxOnt-YIaL-7wir-0Sip-VVS2-Ukw9-eKit3w

3. 创建VG

[root@Server ~]# vgcreate datavg /dev/sdb5               //创建datavg为新的VG，并将/dev/sdb5加入datavg
  Volume group "datavg" successfully created

[root@Server ~]# vgdisplay               //查看VG信息
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               datavg
  System ID
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  2
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                1
  Open LV               1
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               <100.00 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              25599
  Alloc PE / Size       25599 / <100.00 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       0 / 0
  VG UUID               AyKTSF-a0UP-9ZI4-IhVR-iLQ2-refF-nUfkMA

  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               cl
  System ID
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  3
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               38.41 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              9833
  Alloc PE / Size       9833 / 38.41 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       0 / 0
  VG UUID               1Vdnc1-dGKd-b02C-WE9N-03sB-AmwS-yZwy8T

4. 创建LV

[root@Server ~]# lvcreate -l 100%FREE -n lvdata datavg            //将datavg中的所有空闲空间创建为lvdata（新的LV）
  Logical volume "lvdata" created.

[root@Server ~]# lvdisplay           //查看LV信息
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/datavg/lvdata
  LV Name                lvdata
  VG Name                datavg
  LV UUID                xbVQC5-FnDJ-IWMY-gcIc-SFYd-MfzT-oV0jQu
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time Server, 2019-09-25 14:25:35 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                <100.00 GiB
  Current LE             25599
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:2

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/cl/root
  LV Name                root
  VG Name                cl
  LV UUID                Dw3lKM-s21d-EB72-3NiP-pvJT-AXPi-Vn2ygN
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time localhost, 2019-09-25 13:19:20 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                <36.34 GiB
  Current LE             9303
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:0

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/cl/swap
  LV Name                swap
  VG Name                cl
  LV UUID                01Xx4H-0fJV-D1Vf-Dfec-RfwO-Divn-Fglo3Z
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time localhost, 2019-09-25 13:19:20 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 2
  LV Size                2.07 GiB
  Current LE             530
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:1

5. 格式化LV

[root@Server ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/datavg/lvdata                  //格式化/dev/datavg/lvdata分区为xfs格式
meta-data=/dev/datavg/lvdata     isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=6553344 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=1, sparse=1, rmapbt=0
         =                       reflink=1
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=26213376, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0, ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=12799, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

6. 挂载LV

[root@Server ~]# mkdir /Data                  //创建/Data目录

[root@Server ~]# df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs             981M     0  981M   0% /dev
tmpfs                995M     0  995M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                995M  9.2M  986M   1% /run
tmpfs                995M     0  995M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/cl-root   37G  4.1G   33G  12% /
/dev/sda2            976M  144M  765M  16% /boot
/dev/sda1            599M  6.7M  593M   2% /boot/efi
tmpfs                199M   28K  199M   1% /run/user/42
tmpfs                199M  4.0K  199M   1% /run/user/0

[root@Server ~]# mount /dev/datavg/lvdata /Data/               //将/dev/datavg/lvdata分区挂载到/Data目录

[root@Server ~]# df -h
Filesystem                 Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                   981M     0  981M   0% /dev
tmpfs                      995M     0  995M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                      995M  9.2M  986M   1% /run
tmpfs                      995M     0  995M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/cl-root         37G  4.1G   33G  12% /
/dev/sda2                  976M  144M  765M  16% /boot
/dev/sda1                  599M  6.7M  593M   2% /boot/efi
tmpfs                      199M   28K  199M   1% /run/user/42
tmpfs                      199M  4.0K  199M   1% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/datavg-lvdata  100G  747M  100G   1% /Data

[root@Server ~]# vi /etc/fstab              //配置/etc/fstab，使得系统启动时自动挂载/dev/datavg/lvdata分区
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Wed Sep 25 01:19:25 2019
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
# units generated from this file.
#
/dev/mapper/cl-root     /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/datavg-lvdata /Data                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=0bcf7aac-1c37-4fec-9108-4a7ed9ce5c9f /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2
UUID=8D69-EC05          /boot/efi               vfat    umask=0077,shortname=winnt 0 2
/dev/mapper/cl-swap     swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

[root@Server ~]# reboot

7. 查看挂载分区

[root@Server ~]# df -h
Filesystem                 Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                   981M     0  981M   0% /dev
tmpfs                      995M     0  995M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                      995M  9.3M  986M   1% /run
tmpfs                      995M     0  995M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/cl-root         37G  4.1G   33G  12% /
/dev/mapper/datavg-lvdata  100G  747M  100G   1% /Data
/dev/sda2                  976M  144M  765M  16% /boot
/dev/sda1                  599M  6.7M  593M   2% /boot/efi
tmpfs                      199M   28K  199M   1% /run/user/42
tmpfs                      199M  4.0K  199M   1% /run/user/0

8. 查看创建的/Data目录

[root@Server ~]# cd /

[root@Server /]# ls -l
total 28
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root    7 May 11 08:33 bin -> usr/bin
dr-xr-xr-x.   6 root root 4096 Sep 25 14:14 boot
drwxr-xr-x    2 root root    6 Sep 25 14:25 Data
drwxr-xr-x   20 root root 3300 Sep 25 14:27 dev
drwxr-xr-x. 133 root root 8192 Sep 25 14:27 etc
drwxr-xr-x.   3 root root   19 Sep 25 13:29 home
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root    7 May 11 08:33 lib -> usr/lib
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root    9 May 11 08:33 lib64 -> usr/lib64
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root    6 May 11 08:33 media
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root    6 May 11 08:33 mnt
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root    6 May 11 08:33 opt
dr-xr-xr-x  298 root root    0 Sep 25 14:27 proc
dr-xr-x---.  15 root root 4096 Sep 25 14:28 root
drwxr-xr-x   38 root root 1140 Sep 25 14:27 run
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root    8 May 11 08:33 sbin -> usr/sbin
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root    6 May 11 08:33 srv
dr-xr-xr-x   13 root root    0 Sep 25 14:27 sys
drwxrwxrwt.  16 root root 4096 Sep 25 14:28 tmp
drwxr-xr-x.  12 root root  144 Sep 25 13:20 usr
drwxr-xr-x.  21 root root 4096 Sep 25 13:30 var