RAC中宏的使用-预编译确定函数参数个数

RAC中宏的使用-预编译确定函数参数个数

对于RAC框架中的宏定义，预编译期确认参数个数

/**
 * Returns the number of arguments (up to twenty) provided to the macro. At
 * least one argument must be provided.
 *
 * Inspired by P99: http://p99.gforge.inria.fr
 */
#define metamacro_argcount(...) \
        metamacro_at(20, __VA_ARGS__, 20, 19, 18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1)

metamacro_argcount是如何在预编译期进行获取参数个数的？

使用的宏有

• ## 字符拼接 A ## B ，预编译时就会处理为AB

• __VA_ARGS__ 代表宏定义中的可变数量参数 ，即将左侧的...处输入的参数，对应到__VA_ARGS__位置

即在不确认参数的情况下，能够将不确定的参数表示为一个确定的__VA_ARGS__来呈现，支持C99规范的gcc编译器才有__VA_ARGS__这个宏。

正因为这个宏，我们能够在预编译期来获取参数的个数。下面看下是如何实现的。

/**
 * Returns A and B concatenated after full macro expansion.
 */
#define metamacro_concat(A, B) \
        metamacro_concat_(A, B)

/**
 * Returns the Nth variadic argument (starting from zero). At least
 * N + 1 variadic arguments must be given. N must be between zero and twenty,
 * inclusive.
 */
#define metamacro_at(N, ...) \
        metamacro_concat(metamacro_at, N)(__VA_ARGS__)

/**
 * Returns the number of arguments (up to twenty) provided to the macro. At
 * least one argument must be provided.
 *
 * Inspired by P99: http://p99.gforge.inria.fr
 */
#define metamacro_argcount(...) \
        metamacro_at(20, __VA_ARGS__, 20, 19, 18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1)


#define metamacro_stringify_(VALUE) # VALUE
#define metamacro_concat_(A, B) A ## B
#define metamacro_foreach_iter(INDEX, MACRO, ARG) MACRO(INDEX, ARG)
#define metamacro_head_(FIRST, ...) FIRST
#define metamacro_tail_(FIRST, ...) __VA_ARGS__
#define metamacro_consume_(...)
#define metamacro_expand_(...) __VA_ARGS__

// implemented from scratch so that metamacro_concat() doesn't end up nesting
#define metamacro_foreach_concat_iter(INDEX, BASE, ARG) metamacro_foreach_concat_iter_(BASE, ARG)
#define metamacro_foreach_concat_iter_(BASE, ARG) BASE ## ARG

// metamacro_at expansions
#define metamacro_at0(...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)
#define metamacro_at1(_0, ...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)
#define metamacro_at2(_0, _1, ...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)
#define metamacro_at3(_0, _1, _2, ...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)
#define metamacro_at4(_0, _1, _2, _3, ...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)
#define metamacro_at5(_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, ...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)
#define metamacro_at6(_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, ...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)
#define metamacro_at7(_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, ...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)
#define metamacro_at8(_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, ...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)
#define metamacro_at9(_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, ...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)
#define metamacro_at10(_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, ...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)
#define metamacro_at11(_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, ...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)
#define metamacro_at12(_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, ...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)
#define metamacro_at13(_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, ...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)
#define metamacro_at14(_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, ...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)
#define metamacro_at15(_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, ...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)
#define metamacro_at16(_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, ...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)
#define metamacro_at17(_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, ...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)
#define metamacro_at18(_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, ...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)
#define metamacro_at19(_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, ...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)
#define metamacro_at20(_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, ...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)

最终其实就是这两个的对比：

参数中固定有20个值，当不确定的参数输入时，假如__VA_ARGS__输入了3个值，那么总共有23个值

metamacro_at(20, __VA_ARGS__, 20, 19, 18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1)

最终会转换成：

metamacro_at20(_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, ...) metamacro_head(__VA_ARGS__)

这就意味着前20个参数是不会通过...传入__VA_ARGS__，那么就会将后面3个参数传入__VA_ARGS__，又因为定义时以逆序20至1来排列，最终传入的参数就是3.2.1，然后通过metamacro_head_(FIRST, ...) FIRST取第一个值，就得到了可变参数数量。

这个方法也就只适用于20个参数以内的情况，当然已经满足的大部分的需求。

参考文章 https://blog.sunnyxx.com/2014/03/06/rac_1_macros/