如果你打算完全定制一个View,那么你需要实现View类(所有的Android View都实现于这个类),并且实现确定尺寸的onMeasure(…))方法和确认绘图的onDraw(…))方法。
自定义View一共分为6步
第一步
public class SmileyView extends View {
private Paint mCirclePaint;
private Paint mEyeAndMouthPaint;
private float mCenterX;
private float mCenterY;
private float mRadius;
private RectF mArcBounds = new RectF();
public SmileyView(Context context) {
this(context, null);
}
public SmileyView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
this(context, attrs, 0);
}
public SmileyView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
initPaints();
}
private void initPaints() {/* ... */}
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {/* ... */}
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {/* ... */}
}
2.实现画笔paint类
本文一共两只画笔
private void initPaints() { mCirclePaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG); mCirclePaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL); mCirclePaint.setColor(Color.YELLOW); mEyeAndMouthPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG); mEyeAndMouthPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE); mEyeAndMouthPaint.setStrokeWidth(16 * getResources().getDisplayMetrics().density); mEyeAndMouthPaint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND); mEyeAndMouthPaint.setColor(Color.BLACK); }
3.覆写onMeasure(…)方法
实现这个方法告诉了母容器如何放弃自定义View,可以通过提供的measureSpecs来决定你的View的高和宽,以下是一个正方形,确认它的宽和高是一样的。
@Override protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) { int w = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec); int h = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec); int size = Math.min(w, h); setMeasuredDimension(size, size); }
注意:
这个方法需要至少保证一个setMeasuredDimension(..)调用,否则会报IllegalStateException错误。
4.实现onSizeChanged(…)方法
这个方法是你获取View现在的宽和高. 这里我们计算的是中心和半径。
@Override protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) { mCenterX = w / 2f; mCenterY = h / 2f; mRadius = Math.min(w, h) / 2f; }
5.实现onDraw(…)方法
这个方法提供了如何绘制view,它提供的Canvas类可以进行绘制。
@Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { // draw face canvas.drawCircle(mCenterX, mCenterY, mRadius, mCirclePaint); // draw eyes float eyeRadius = mRadius / 5f; float eyeOffsetX = mRadius / 3f; float eyeOffsetY = mRadius / 3f; canvas.drawCircle(mCenterX - eyeOffsetX, mCenterY - eyeOffsetY, eyeRadius, mEyeAndMouthPaint); canvas.drawCircle(mCenterX + eyeOffsetX, mCenterY - eyeOffsetY, eyeRadius, mEyeAndMouthPaint); // draw mouth float mouthInset = mRadius /3f; mArcBounds.set(mouthInset, mouthInset, mRadius * 2 - mouthInset, mRadius * 2 - mouthInset); canvas.drawArc(mArcBounds, 45f, 90f, false, mEyeAndMouthPaint); }
6.添加你的View
<FrameLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<com.example.app.SmileyView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" />
</FrameLayout>
到此就结束了,自定义View没你想的那么难