使用Axis编写WebService比较简单

 使用Axis编写WebService比较简单,就我的理解,WebService的实现代码和编写Java代码其实没有什么区别,主要是将哪些Java类发布为WebService。下面是一个从编写测试例子到发布WebService,以及编写测试代码的过程介绍。

本例子的WebService提供了两个方法,分别是sayHello和sayHelloToPerson,第一个只是返回一个"Hello"字符串,没有参数,第二个函数接受一个字符串作为参数,返回"Hello 参数值",该例子比较简单,但是清楚的说明了从编写代码到发布为WebService以及测试编写好的WebService全过程。

编写服务代码

服务代码提供了两个函数,分别为sayHello和sayHelloToPerson,源代码如下:

Java代码 复制代码 收藏代码
  1. /*
  2. * File name: HelloService.java
  3. *
  4. * Version: v1.0
  5. *
  6. * Created on Aug 2, 2008 9:40:20 AM
  7. *
  8. * Designed by Stephen
  9. *
  10. * (c)Copyright 2008
  11. */
  12. package com.sinosoft.webservice;

  13. /** *//**
  14. * @author Stephen
  15. *
  16. * Test web service
  17. */
  18. public class HelloService {
  19. /** *//**
  20. * 不带参数的函数
  21. *
  22. * @return 返回Hello字符串
  23. */
  24. public String sayHello() {
  25. return "Hello";
  26. }

  27. /** *//**
  28. * 带参数的函数
  29. *
  30. * @param name
  31. * 名称
  32. * @return 返回加上名称的欢迎词
  33. */
  34. public String sayHelloToPerson(String name) {
  35. if (name == null || name.equals("")) {
  36. name = "nobody";
  37. }
  38. return "Hello " + name;
  39. }
  40. }
/*
 * File name: HelloService.java
 * 
 * Version: v1.0
 * 
 * Created on Aug 2, 2008 9:40:20 AM
 * 
 * Designed by Stephen
 * 
 * (c)Copyright 2008
 */
package com.sinosoft.webservice;

/** *//**
 * @author Stephen
 * 
 * Test web service
 */
public class HelloService {
    /** *//**
     * 不带参数的函数
     * 
     * @return 返回Hello字符串
     */
    public String sayHello() {
        return "Hello";
    }

    /** *//**
     * 带参数的函数
     * 
     * @param name
     *            名称
     * @return 返回加上名称的欢迎词
     */
    public String sayHelloToPerson(String name) {
        if (name == null || name.equals("")) {
            name = "nobody";
        }
        return "Hello " + name;
    }
}

发布WebService

要将上边写的HelloService类发布为WebService,需要先搭建Web应用。下面是在Tomcat下使用Axis(http://ws.apache.org/axis/)创建WebService服务的例子。

在Tomcat下创建Web应用

在该例子中,在Tomcat下创建了一个context path为ws的WEB应用。

1. 在myeclipse中创建WebServiceTest的webproject

2. 在WEB-INF文件夹下web.xml文件,该文件的内容如下:

Xml代码 复制代码 收藏代码
  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

  2. <!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web
  3. Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">

  4. <web-app>
  5. <display-name>Apache-Axis</display-name>

  6. <listener>
  7. <listener-class>org.apache.axis.transport.http.AxisHTTPSessionListener</listener-class>
  8. </listener>

  9. <servlet>
  10. <servlet-name>AxisServlet</servlet-name>
  11. <display-name>Apache-Axis Servlet</display-name>
  12. <servlet-class>
  13. org.apache.axis.transport.http.AxisServlet
  14. </servlet-class>
  15. </servlet>

  16. <servlet>
  17. <servlet-name>AdminServlet</servlet-name>
  18. <display-name>Axis Admin Servlet</display-name>
  19. <servlet-class>
  20. org.apache.axis.transport.http.AdminServlet
  21. </servlet-class>
  22. <load-on-startup>100</load-on-startup>
  23. </servlet>

  24. <servlet>
  25. <servlet-name>SOAPMonitorService</servlet-name>
  26. <display-name>SOAPMonitorService</display-name>
  27. <servlet-class>
  28. org.apache.axis.monitor.SOAPMonitorService
  29. </servlet-class>
  30. <init-param>
  31. <param-name>SOAPMonitorPort</param-name>
  32. <param-value>5001</param-value>
  33. </init-param>
  34. <load-on-startup>100</load-on-startup>
  35. </servlet>

  36. <servlet-mapping>
  37. <servlet-name>AxisServlet</servlet-name>
  38. <url-pattern>/servlet/AxisServlet</url-pattern>
  39. </servlet-mapping>

  40. <servlet-mapping>
  41. <servlet-name>AxisServlet</servlet-name>
  42. <url-pattern>*.jws</url-pattern>
  43. </servlet-mapping>

  44. <servlet-mapping>
  45. <servlet-name>AxisServlet</servlet-name>
  46. <url-pattern>/services/*</url-pattern>
  47. </servlet-mapping>

  48. <servlet-mapping>
  49. <servlet-name>SOAPMonitorService</servlet-name>
  50. <url-pattern>/SOAPMonitor</url-pattern>
  51. </servlet-mapping>

  52. <!-- uncomment this if you want the admin servlet -->
  53. <!--
  54. <servlet-mapping>
  55. <servlet-name>AdminServlet</servlet-name>
  56. <url-pattern>/servlet/AdminServlet</url-pattern>
  57. </servlet-mapping>
  58. -->

  59. <session-config>
  60. <!-- Default to 5 minute session timeouts -->
  61. <session-timeout>5</session-timeout>
  62. </session-config>

  63. <!-- currently the W3C havent settled on a media type for WSDL;
  64. http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/WD-wsdl12-20030303/#ietf-draft
  65. for now we go with the basic 'it's XML' response -->
  66. <mime-mapping>
  67. <extension>wsdl</extension>
  68. <mime-type>text/xml</mime-type>
  69. </mime-mapping>


  70. <mime-mapping>
  71. <extension>xsd</extension>
  72. <mime-type>text/xml</mime-type>
  73. </mime-mapping>

  74. <welcome-file-list id="WelcomeFileList">
  75. <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  76. <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
  77. <welcome-file>index.jws</welcome-file>
  78. </welcome-file-list>

  79. </web-app>

在上面的web.xml中主要是配置了axis的相关配置。

axis的相关配置

在上述的web.xml文件中已经对axis进行了配置,但是还需要进行额外的配置。

复制axis相关的jar文件

将axis的相关jar文件复制到WEB-INF\lib文件夹下。这些文件包括:

activation.jar
axis.jar
axis-ant.jar
commons-discovery-0.2.jar
commons-logging-1.0.4.jar
jaxrpc.jar
log4j-1.2.8.jar
saaj.jar
wsdl4j-1.5.1.jar

测试发布的Web应用

启动Tomcat服务,打开IE浏览器,访问地址http://127.0.0.1:8080/WebServiceTest/services,如果看到如下界面就说明AXIS部署成功了。






发布WebService

发布WebService需要使用现有的AdminService来实现,这里我写了一个批处理文件来发布WebService,以后如果需要发布其他文件,只需要修改相应的参数就可以了。

创建deploy.wsdd文件

文件deploy.wsdd内容如下所示:

Xml代码 复制代码 收藏代码
  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2. <deployment xmlns="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/" xmlns:java="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/providers/java">
  3. <service name="HelloServices" provider="java:RPC">
  4. <parameter name="className" value="com.sinosoft.webservice.HelloService"/>
  5. <parameter name="allowedMethods" value="*"/>
  6. </service>
  7. </deployment>

创建发布WebService服务的批处理文件

批处理文件deploywebservice.bat内容如下:

Xml代码 复制代码 收藏代码
  1. java -cp axis-ant.jar;axis-schema.jar;axis.jar;commons-discovery-0.2.jar;commons-logging-1.0.4.jar;jaxrpc.jar;log4j-1.2.8.jar;saaj.jar;wsdl4j-1.5.1.jar;xmlsec-1.3.0.jar org.apache.axis.client.AdminClient -lhttp://localhost:8080/WebServiceTest/services/AdminService deploy.wsdd

  2. pause

其中上面的jar包我都拷到和bat文件在同一个目录,现在将所有的jar文件都加入到classpath中进行执行。

-l后的参数是本地要发布WebService的AdminService对应的访问地址。

最后deploy.wsdd是对应的配置文件名称。

发布WebService服务

将deploy.wsdd文件和deploywebservice.bat文件复制到同一个文件夹下,执行deploywebservice.bat批处理文件,就可以将deploy.wsdd中描述的Java类发布为WebService。发布完成之后在访问http://host:port/ws/services如下图所示:

从上图可以看出,发布成功后,多了一个HelloServices的服务。这样就说明HelloService发布成功了。

查看HelloServices的wsdl

访问http://127.0.0.1:8080/WebServiceTest/services/HelloServices?wsdl可以看到如下wsdl的内容:

Xml代码 复制代码 收藏代码
  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2. <wsdl:definitions targetNamespace="http://127.0.0.1:8080/WebServiceTest/services/HelloServices" xmlns:apachesoap="http://xml.apache.org/xml-soap" xmlns:impl="http://127.0.0.1:8080/WebServiceTest/services/HelloServices" xmlns:intf="http://127.0.0.1:8080/WebServiceTest/services/HelloServices" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:wsdlsoap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  3. <!--WSDL created by Apache Axis version: 1.4
  4. Built on Apr 22, 2006 (06:55:48 PDT)-->

  5. <wsdl:message name="sayHelloToPersonRequest">

  6. <wsdl:part name="name" type="soapenc:string"/>

  7. </wsdl:message>

  8. <wsdl:message name="sayHelloRequest">

  9. </wsdl:message>

  10. <wsdl:message name="sayHelloToPersonResponse">

  11. <wsdl:part name="sayHelloToPersonReturn" type="soapenc:string"/>

  12. </wsdl:message>

  13. <wsdl:message name="sayHelloResponse">

  14. <wsdl:part name="sayHelloReturn" type="soapenc:string"/>

  15. </wsdl:message>

  16. <wsdl:portType name="HelloService">

  17. <wsdl:operation name="sayHello">

  18. <wsdl:input message="impl:sayHelloRequest" name="sayHelloRequest"/>

  19. <wsdl:output message="impl:sayHelloResponse" name="sayHelloResponse"/>

  20. </wsdl:operation>

  21. <wsdl:operation name="sayHelloToPerson" parameterOrder="name">

  22. <wsdl:input message="impl:sayHelloToPersonRequest" name="sayHelloToPersonRequest"/>

  23. <wsdl:output message="impl:sayHelloToPersonResponse" name="sayHelloToPersonResponse"/>

  24. </wsdl:operation>

  25. </wsdl:portType>

  26. <wsdl:binding name="HelloServicesSoapBinding" type="impl:HelloService">

  27. <wsdlsoap:binding style="rpc" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>

  28. <wsdl:operation name="sayHello">

  29. <wsdlsoap:operation soapAction=""/>

  30. <wsdl:input name="sayHelloRequest">

  31. <wsdlsoap:body encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" namespace="http://webservice.sinosoft.com" use="encoded"/>

  32. </wsdl:input>

  33. <wsdl:output name="sayHelloResponse">

  34. <wsdlsoap:body encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" namespace="http://127.0.0.1:8080/WebServiceTest/services/HelloServices" use="encoded"/>

  35. </wsdl:output>

  36. </wsdl:operation>

  37. <wsdl:operation name="sayHelloToPerson">

  38. <wsdlsoap:operation soapAction=""/>

  39. <wsdl:input name="sayHelloToPersonRequest">

  40. <wsdlsoap:body encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" namespace="http://webservice.sinosoft.com" use="encoded"/>

  41. </wsdl:input>

  42. <wsdl:output name="sayHelloToPersonResponse">

  43. <wsdlsoap:body encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" namespace="http://127.0.0.1:8080/WebServiceTest/services/HelloServices" use="encoded"/>

  44. </wsdl:output>

  45. </wsdl:operation>

  46. </wsdl:binding>

  47. <wsdl:service name="HelloServiceService">

  48. <wsdl:port binding="impl:HelloServicesSoapBinding" name="HelloServices">

  49. <wsdlsoap:address location="http://127.0.0.1:8080/WebServiceTest/services/HelloServices"/>

  50. </wsdl:port>

  51. </wsdl:service>

  52. </wsdl:definitions>

用Java调用WebService实例

下面是用Java调用刚发布的WebService例子。

Java代码 复制代码 收藏代码
  1. /*
  2. * File name: TestHelloService.java
  3. *
  4. * Version: v1.0
  5. *
  6. * Created on Aug 2, 2008 9:54:10 AM
  7. *
  8. * Designed by Stephen
  9. *
  10. * (c)Copyright 2008
  11. */
  12. package test.com.sinosoft.webservice;

  13. import java.io.IOException;
  14. import java.net.MalformedURLException;

  15. import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
  16. import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceException;

  17. import org.apache.axis.client.Call;
  18. import org.apache.axis.client.Service;
  19. import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
  20. import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;

  21. /**
  22. * @author Stephen
  23. *
  24. * 测试调用WebService
  25. */
  26. public class TestHelloService {
  27. private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(TestHelloService.class);
  28. private static final String HELLO_SERVICE_ENDPOINT = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/WebServiceTest/services/HelloServices?wsdl";

  29. public static void main(String[] args) {
  30. TestHelloService tester = new TestHelloService();
  31. // tester.callSayHello();
  32. tester.callSayHelloToPerson();
  33. }

  34. public void callSayHello() {
  35. try {
  36. Service service = new Service();
  37. Call call = (Call) service.createCall();
  38. call.setTargetEndpointAddress(new java.net.URL(
  39. HELLO_SERVICE_ENDPOINT));
  40. //下面名字查询的http://127.0.0.1:8080/WebServiceTest/services/HelloServices?wsdl文件里有
  41. call.setOperationName(new QName("http://webservice.sinosoft.com/",
  42. "sayHello"));
  43. call.setReturnType(org.apache.axis.Constants.XSD_STRING);
  44. try {
  45. //远程调用发布的方法
  46. String ret = (String) call.invoke(new Object[] {});
  47. System.out.println("The return value is:" + ret);
  48. return;
  49. } catch (IOException e) {
  50. e.printStackTrace();
  51. }
  52. } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
  53. e.printStackTrace();
  54. } catch (ServiceException e) {
  55. e.printStackTrace();
  56. }
  57. log.error("call sayHello service error!");
  58. }

  59. public void callSayHelloToPerson() {
  60. try {
  61. Service service = new Service();
  62. Call call = (Call) service.createCall();
  63. call.setTargetEndpointAddress(new java.net.URL(HELLO_SERVICE_ENDPOINT));
  64. call.setOperationName(new QName("http://webservice.sinosoft.com/",
  65. "sayHelloToPerson"));
  66. call.addParameter("name", org.apache.axis.Constants.XSD_STRING,
  67. javax.xml.rpc.ParameterMode.IN);
  68. call.setReturnType(org.apache.axis.Constants.XSD_STRING);
  69. try {
  70. String ret = (String) call.invoke(new Object[] { "Stephen" });
  71. System.out.println("The return value is:" + ret);
  72. return;
  73. } catch (IOException e) {
  74. e.printStackTrace();
  75. }
  76. } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
  77. e.printStackTrace();
  78. } catch (ServiceException e) {
  79. e.printStackTrace();
  80. }
  81. log.error("call sayHello service error!");
  82. }
  83. }
  • 0
    点赞
  • 0
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论

“相关推荐”对你有帮助么?

  • 非常没帮助
  • 没帮助
  • 一般
  • 有帮助
  • 非常有帮助
提交
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值