CentOS7 - 之Nginx-1.12.2安装

CentOS7 - 之Nginx-1.12.2安装

Nginx是一个出色的反向代理服务器，可以很好的代理服务端，处理客户端的请求。今天我们了解以下Nginx在CentOS7上的安装。

• 注意！正向代理是代理的的客户端，是代理服务器帮客户端去访问其它的服务端。

1、首先安装依赖的c语言的编译环境

# 使用root权限进行操作
sudo yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool  openssl openssl-devel

2、进行解压安装

# 1 解压
tar -zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
# 2 进入home目录
cd nginx-1.12.2
# 3 /opt/module/nginx 要安装的目录
./configure --prefix=/opt/module/nginx 
# 4 编译
make && make install  

# 5 
cd /opt/module/nginx

• nginx默认占用80端口，linux默认情况下非root用户不允许使用1024以下的端口

# 让当前用户的某个应用可以使用1024以下的端口 
sudo setcap cap_net_bind_service=+eip /opt/module/nginx/sbin/nginx

# 启动 nginx
sbin/nginx 

# 验证是否启动
ps -ef | grep nginx 
[shufang@shufang101 nginx]$ ps -ef | grep nginx
shufang   18916      1  0 21:43 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process sbin/nginx
shufang   18917  18916  0 21:43 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
shufang   18973   8282  0 21:43 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

• 还可以访问 :shufang101:80

3、Nginx的启停

# 启动(指定配置文件启动)
sbin/nginx -c /opt/module/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# 停止 
sbin/nginx -s stop 
# 检查配置文件是否可用
sbin/nginx -c /opt/module/nginx/conf/nginx.conf -t

    [shufang@shufang101 nginx]$ sbin/nginx -c /opt/module/nginx/conf/nginx.conf -t
    nginx: the configuration file /opt/module/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
    nginx: configuration file /opt/module/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

4 Nginx配置文件

[shufang@shufang101 conf]$ cat nginx.conf

#user  nobody; # 启停服务的用户
worker_processes  1;  # 服务的Worker的数量

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024; # 每个worker在同一时间能同时处理的请求的数量
}

# http配置
http {
    include       mime.types; # 可以处理的类型，不能处理Java代码，只能是静态的内容
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    # 在server外部配置反向代理 ==========================================1
    upstream www.logserver.com{
         server shufang101:8081 weight=1;
         server shufang102:8081 weight=2;
         server shufang103:8081 weight=3;
    }
    #gzip  on;
	# 用来配置反向代理服务器
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;
		#*******************************************************************************
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
		# 当请求 localhost:80 的时候，都会被location拦截，跳转到 home/html/index.html的页面
        #location / {
        #    root   html;
        #     index  index.html index.htm;
        #}
		#******************************************************************************/
		# 在server内部配置我们处理日志对方开放的接口/applog ===================================================2
		location /applog{
		proxy_pass http://www.logserver.com;
		}

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

5 Nginx的主要应用

• 静态网站部署
• 动静分离
• 静态代理
• 负载均衡
• 虚拟主机