linux程序编译的错误问题!

出现这种情况:

1  ) no newline at end of the file!

一般要在程序出现的错误一行加上一个"回车"就OK!(GCC中)

以前在51中一般是不会有这种问题出现的!

2 )还有一个是Linvale 左值问题!在3.4.1交叉编译器中,一般开始我们都有这种错的!

像这种错误是编译器造成的!不过,我们在将寄存器地址,强制转换再加上指针,最后用变成指针变量就可以

了!

如:  #define GPF0 (*(volital unsigned *)56000060)  .

3) Section fail  (分割块出错)

(一)、一般可能是地址错误,引起MMU的问题!因为在ARM9下面工作的方式是虚拟地址映射到内存物理地址的!这就是会引起地址的分割出错!此时,我们应该查一下,地址的问题,及指针的问题的!以下是一个空指针引起的错误/内存越界!

这下面的东西,见了就头痛!这时我们要借助工具OOPES分析器!

例如:

scankey: module license 'KEY_INTERRUPT' taints kernel.
Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address 56000050
pgd = c3780000
[56000050] *pgd=00000000
Internal error: Oops: 5 [#1]
Modules linked in: scankey s3c2410mci clk
CPU: 0
PC is at key_init+0x50/0x1c4 [scankey]
LR is at sys_init_module+0x14a0/0x1600
pc : [<bf007050>]    lr : [<c005f8ac>]    Tainted: P
sp : c3c09e44  ip : 56000000  fp : c3c09e64
r10: c39e6600  r9 : c39e6624  r8 : c4a90938
r7 : bf0059b0  r6 : bf0059b0  r5 : bf0059b0  r4 : bf0059a0
r3 : 02000500  r2 : 00100554  r1 : f0e00010  r0 : 00000005
Flags: Nzcv  IRQs on  FIQs on  Mode SVC_32  Segment user
Control: C000717F  Table: 33780000  DAC: 00000015
Process insmod (pid: 420, stack limit = 0xc3c08194)
Stack: (0xc3c09e44 to 0xc3c0a000)
9e40:          c0069320 c02c8948 bf005a40 bf005a40 c02c8938 c3c09fa4 c3c09e68
9e60: c005f8ac bf007010 00000000 000002a8 bf005a4c 00000200 00000028 c3c09f68
9e80: 38ec24c0 00000010 0000000c c0089308 bf005824 00000000 0000003f c3bafa80
9ea0: 00000044 00000040 0000002c bf007000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000007
9ec0: 00000000 0000000b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000011 00000010 c4a91278
9ee0: c4a908a4 c4a90000 c3c08000 bf000000 00000000 00000000 c00720dc c006d6ac
9f00: c3bd51e8 000000d1 c3bd5908 c3c09f70 c3c09f1c c00736e4 c0071bf0 c3bd51e8
9f20: 00000000 c3b4b5a0 00000000 00000000 00000002 00000000 00000000 c3bd51e8
9f40: c3bd51f0 c3bd51d0 c3c08000 c3c08000 00000001 40015000 c3b4b5a0 00000000
9f60: 000013e5 c3c09fa4 c3c09f74 c0032ed8 c00802d4 00000001 00000000 00000004
9f80: 00000000 00000000 00000080 c002f004 c3c08000 00000000 00000000 c3c09fa8
9fa0: c002ee80 c005e41c 00000000 00000000 00900080 40015000 000013e5 001cb028
9fc0: 00000004 00000000 00000000 bedfad54 001cb018 001cb008 00000000 00000000
9fe0: bedf88a4 bedf8898 000444e0 40199ac0 60000010 00900080 f737b333 7f7f1f3f
Backtrace:
[<bf007000>] (key_init+0x0/0x1c4 [scankey]) from [<c005f8ac>] (sys_init_module+0
x14a0/0x1600)
 r7 = C02C8938  r6 = BF005A40  r5 = BF005A40  r4 = C02C8948
[<c005e40c>] (sys_init_module+0x0/0x1600) from [<c002ee80>] (ret_fast_syscall+0x
0/0x2c)
Code: e3a0c456 e3833402 e2030cff e1a00440 (e79c2200)
 Segmentation fault

||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||

(二)、Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 00000000
pgd = c2dc4000
[00000000] *pgd=3360b031, *pte=00000000, *ppte=00000000
Internal error: Oops: 17 [#1]
Modules linked in: adc s3c2410mci clk
CPU: 0
PC is at open+0x10/0x44 [adc]
LR is at chrdev_open+0x14c/0x164
pc : [<bf005010>]    lr : [<c00888cc>]    Not tainted
sp : c3c09ed4  ip : c3c09ee8  fp : c3c09ee4
r10: 4013d180  r9 : c3c08000  r8 : c3e179e0
r7 : 00000000  r6 : 00000000  r5 : c0013c54  r4 : c3b91240
r3 : bf005000  r2 : 00000000  r1 : c3e179e0  r0 : c0013c54
Flags: NzCv  IRQs on  FIQs on  Mode SVC_32  Segment user
Control: C000717F  Table: 32DC4000  DAC: 00000015
Process run_adc (pid: 422, stack limit = 0xc3c08194)
Stack: (0xc3c09ed4 to 0xc3c0a000)
9ec0:                                              c3b91240 c3c09f0c c3c09ee8
9ee0: c00888cc bf005010 00000000 c3e179e0 c0013c54 c03e59c0 c37a508c 00000000
9f00: c3c09f30 c3c09f10 c007e668 c0088790 00000002 00000003 00000002 c3439000
9f20: c002f004 c3c09f84 c3c09f34 c007e7e0 c007e574 c37a508c c03e59c0 00000003
9f40: c03f1ba0 c3c08000 00000101 00000001 00000000 4013d180 c3c09f84 c3c09f68
9f60: c007e83c c009aaa8 bea2cd6c 00000003 bea2cd6c bea2cd6c c3c09fa4 c3c09f88
9f80: c007e99c c007e7ac bea2cd64 4001bd80 000085b0 00000005 00000000 c3c09fa8
9fa0: c002ee80 c007e968 bea2cd64 c0035788 00008694 00000002 bea2cd6c 00000000
9fc0: bea2cd64 4001bd80 000085b0 00000001 4013f430 00008490 4013d180 bea2cd34
9fe0: 00000000 bea2cb80 00003c00 400e0c40 60000010 00008694 f737b733 7f7f1f3f
Backtrace:
[<bf005000>] (open+0x0/0x44 [adc]) from [<c00888cc>] (chrdev_open+0x14c/0x164)
 r4 = C3B91240
[<c0088780>] (chrdev_open+0x0/0x164) from [<c007e668>] (dentry_open+0x104/0x238)

 r8 = 00000000  r7 = C37A508C  r6 = C03E59C0  r5 = C0013C54
 r4 = C3E179E0
[<c007e564>] (dentry_open+0x0/0x238) from [<c007e7e0>] (filp_open+0x44/0x4c)
 r8 = C002F004  r7 = C3439000  r6 = 00000002  r5 = 00000003
 r4 = 00000002
[<c007e79c>] (filp_open+0x0/0x4c) from [<c007e99c>] (sys_open+0x44/0x88)
 r4 = BEA2CD6C
[<c007e958>] (sys_open+0x0/0x88) from [<c002ee80>] (ret_fast_syscall+0x0/0x2c)
 r7 = 00000005  r6 = 000085B0  r5 = 4001BD80  r4 = BEA2CD64
Code: e1a0c00d e92dd810 e24cb004 e3a02000 (e5923000)
 Segmentation fault

以上为错误消息!!

以下为错误代码!

/*   file name : "adc"
  *
  *
  *   author : "kang"
  *
  *
  *   date :"2009 01 03"
  *
  */
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/config.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/devfs_fs_kernel.h>
#include <asm/arch/hardware.h>
#include <asm/arch-s3c2410/regs-adc.h>
#define   MAJOR_ID  109
#define   DEV_NAME  "adc"
#define   ADC_CON    (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C2410_ADCCON)
#define   ADC_DAT0   (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C2410_ADCDAT0)
static int  adc_open(struct inode * inode, struct file * file)
{  int ADC_MAX_FREQ=2500000;
   int PCLK=50000000;
   int ADC_PRSCVL;
   ADC_PRSCVL=PCLK/ADC_MAX_FREQ -1;
   ADC_CON=(ADC_CON|(S3C2410_ADCCON_PRSCEN)|(S3C2410_ADCCON_PRSCVL(ADC_PRSCVL))|(S3C2410_ADCCON_SELMUX(0))|(S3C2410_ADCCON_STDBM));
   mdelay(200);
   return 0;
    }
static int adc_read(struct file * file, char __user * userbuf, size_t count, loff_t * off)
{ 
   ADC_CON=(ADC_CON|0x01);             /*开始启动转换*/
   if (ADC_CON&0x01);              /*开始使能变为低电平?同时读取转换的数据,把数据读写到ADT1与DAT0中*/
   if (ADC_CON&0x8000);               /*AD转换结束?*/
   *userbuf=ADC_DAT0;
   return count;
    }
static int adc_close(struct inode * inode, struct file * file)
{   ADC_CON=0x3cf4;
    return 0;
    }
static struct file_operations adc = {
.open     =   adc_open,
.read     =   adc_read,
.release  =   adc_close,
};
static int __init adc_init(void)
{ int result;
  result=register_chrdev(MAJOR_ID,DEV_NAME,&adc);
  if (result<0)
   {printk ("the drives registre is fail!!\n");
     return result;
       }
  else
   {printk ("the drives registre is success!!\n");
     devfs_mk_cdev(MKDEV(MAJOR_ID,0),S_IFCHR | S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR,"adc");
     return result;
      }
    return 0;
    }
static void __exit adc_exit(void)
{ unregister_chrdev(MAJOR_ID,DEV_NAME);
  devfs_remove(DEV_NAME);
    }
module_init(adc_init);
module_exit(adc_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("kang");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("ADC");
原因分析:

首先看到错误消息提示:PC is at open+0x10/0x44 [adc]是在OPEN里面出错了!

继续再找,那个地方出现空指针!再到地址链接的宏里面去找!看到底是那个地方的链接断了,或者出现错误.打开<asm/arch-s3c2410/regs-adc.h>这个里面的宏原来是这样的----如下:

#define S3C2410_ADCREG(x) (x)

#define S3C2410_ADCCON    S3C2410_ADCREG(0x00)问题就出来了,0x00如果映射到内存肯定是要出错的,会造成内存混乱的,再看一下本空间的ARM MMU原理,肯定会内存混乱.

解决方法:重新做虚拟地址映射!

#define   ADCCON   0x58000000
#define   ADCDAT0  0x5800000c
static void *ADC_CON;
static void *ADC_DAT0;

虚拟地址映射如下:

ADC_CON=ioremap(ADCCON,0x00000004);     

ADC_DAT0=ioremap(ADCDAT0,0x00000004);

 ADC_CON=(ADC_CON|0x01);    对寄存器这样操作不是标准的赋值.应该要用writel(0x01,ADC_CON)

修改正确代码如下:

#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/config.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/devfs_fs_kernel.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/arch/hardware.h>
#include <asm/arch-s3c2410/regs-adc.h>
#define   MAJOR_ID  109
#define   DEV_NAME  "adc"
#define   ADCCON   0x58000000
#define   ADCDAT0  0x5800000c
static void *ADC_CON;
static void *ADC_DAT0;
static int  adc_open(struct inode * inode, struct file * file)
{  int ADC_MAX_FREQ=2500000;
   int PCLK=50000000;
   int ADC_PRSCVL,ADC_CMD;
   ADC_CON=ioremap(ADCCON,0x00000004);      /*虚拟地址映射或者因为在宏里面地址链接断了要不然可以用(*(volitle unsigned *)S3C2410-ADCCON)*/
   ADC_DAT0=ioremap(ADCDAT0,0x00000004);
   ADC_PRSCVL=(PCLK/ADC_MAX_FREQ)-1;
   ADC_CMD=((S3C2410_ADCCON_PRSCEN)|(S3C2410_ADCCON_PRSCVL(ADC_PRSCVL))|(S3C2410_ADCCON_SELMUX(0))|(S3C2410_ADCCON_STDBM));
   writel(ADC_CMD,ADC_CON);
   mdelay(200);
   return 0;
    }
static int adc_read(struct file * file, char __user * userbuf, size_t count, loff_t * off)
{ 
   writel(0x01,ADC_CON);                     /*开始启动转换*/
   if (readl(ADC_CON)&0x01);              /*开始使能变为低电平?同时读取转换的数据,把数据读写到ADT1与DAT0中*/
   if (readl(ADC_CON)&0x8000);               /*AD转换结束?*/
   *userbuf=readl(ADC_DAT0);
   return count;
    }
static int adc_close(struct inode * inode, struct file * file)
{   writel(0x3cf4,ADC_CON);      /*关ADC转换器*/
    return 0;
    }
static struct file_operations adc = {
.open     =   adc_open,
.read     =   adc_read,
.release  =   adc_close,
};
static int __init adc_init(void)
{ int result;
  result=register_chrdev(MAJOR_ID,DEV_NAME,&adc);
  if (result<0)
   {printk ("the drives registre is fail!!\n");
     return result;
       }
  else
   {printk ("the drives registre is success!!\n");
     devfs_mk_cdev(MKDEV(MAJOR_ID,0),S_IFCHR | S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR,"adc");
     return result;
      }
    return 0;
    }
static void __exit adc_exit(void)
{ unregister_chrdev(MAJOR_ID,DEV_NAME);
  devfs_remove(DEV_NAME);
    }
module_init(adc_init);
module_exit(adc_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("kang");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("ADC");

转：http://www.360doc.com/content/11/0128/17/2036337_89612589.shtml#