1.java里的clone分为：
A:浅复制（浅克隆）: 浅复制仅仅复制所考虑的对象，而不复制它所引用的对象。
b:深复制（深克隆）：深复制把要复制的对象所引用的对象都复制了一遍。
Java中对象的克隆,为了获取对象的一份拷贝，我们可以利用Object类的clone()方法。必须要遵循下面三点
1.在派生类中覆盖基类的clone()方法，并声明为public【Object类中的clone()方法为protected的】。
2.在派生类的clone()方法中，调用super.clone()。
3.在派生类中实现Cloneable接口。
Object类里的clone方法是浅复制（浅克隆）
浅复制（浅克隆）的例子如下：
-
public
class CloneTest
-
{
-
-
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
-
{
-
// teacher对象将被clone出来的Student对象共享.
-
Teacher teacher =
new Teacher();
-
teacher.setAge(
40);
-
teacher.setName(
“Teacher zhang”);
-
-
Student student1 =
new Student();
-
student1.setAge(
20);
-
student1.setName(
“zhangsan”);
-
student1.setTeacher(teacher);
-
-
// 复制出来一个对象student2
-
Student student2 = (Student) student1.clone();
-
System.out.println(student2.getAge());
-
System.out.println(student2.getName());
-
-
System.out.println(
“~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~”);
-
System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getAge());
-
System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getName());
-
-
// 修改student2的引用对象
-
student2.getTeacher().setAge(
50);
-
student2.getTeacher().setName(
“Teacher Li”);
-
-
System.out.println(
“~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~”);
-
System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getAge());
-
System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getName());
-
}
-
}
-
-
class Teacher
-
{
-
public
int age;
-
public String name;
-
-
public int getAge()
-
{
-
return age;
-
}
-
-
public void setAge(int age)
-
{
-
this.age = age;
-
}
-
-
public String getName()
-
{
-
return name;
-
}
-
-
public void setName(String name)
-
{
-
this.name = name;
-
}
-
-
}
-
-
class Student implements Cloneable
-
{
-
-
public
int age;
-
public String name;
-
public Teacher teacher;
-
-
public int getAge()
-
{
-
return age;
-
}
-
-
public void setAge(int age)
-
{
-
this.age = age;
-
}
-
-
public String getName()
-
{
-
return name;
-
}
-
-
public void setName(String name)
-
{
-
this.name = name;
-
}
-
-
public Teacher getTeacher()
-
{
-
return teacher;
-
}
-
-
public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher)
-
{
-
this.teacher = teacher;
-
}
-
-
@Override
-
public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException
-
{
-
return
super.clone();
-
}
-
}
-
输出结果为：
-
20
-
zhangsan
-
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
40
-
Teacher zhang
-
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
50
-
Teacher Li
-
public
class DeepCloneTest
-
{
-
-
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
-
{
-
// teacher对象将不被clone出来的Student对象共享.
-
Teacher teacher =
new Teacher();
-
teacher.setAge(
40);
-
teacher.setName(
"Teacher zhang");
-
-
Student student1 =
new Student();
-
student1.setAge(
20);
-
student1.setName(
"zhangsan");
-
student1.setTeacher(teacher);
-
-
// 复制出来一个对象student2
-
Student student2 = (Student) student1.clone();
-
System.out.println(student2.getAge());
-
System.out.println(student2.getName());
-
-
System.out.println(
"~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
-
System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getAge());
-
System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getName());
-
-
// 修改student2的引用对象
-
student2.getTeacher().setAge(
50);
-
student2.getTeacher().setName(
"Teacher Li");
-
-
System.out.println(
"~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
-
System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getAge());
-
System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getName());
-
}
-
}
-
-
class Teacher implements Cloneable
-
{
-
public
int age;
-
public String name;
-
-
public int getAge()
-
{
-
return age;
-
}
-
-
public void setAge(int age)
-
{
-
this.age = age;
-
}
-
-
public String getName()
-
{
-
return name;
-
}
-
-
public void setName(String name)
-
{
-
this.name = name;
-
}
-
-
@Override
-
public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException
-
{
-
return
super.clone();
-
}
-
-
}
-
-
class Student implements Cloneable
-
{
-
-
public
int age;
-
public String name;
-
public Teacher teacher;
-
-
public int getAge()
-
{
-
return age;
-
}
-
-
public void setAge(int age)
-
{
-
this.age = age;
-
}
-
-
public String getName()
-
{
-
return name;
-
}
-
-
public void setName(String name)
-
{
-
this.name = name;
-
}
-
-
public Teacher getTeacher()
-
{
-
return teacher;
-
}
-
-
public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher)
-
{
-
this.teacher = teacher;
-
}
-
-
@Override
-
public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException
-
{
-
Student student = (Student)
super.clone();
-
// 将引用的对象teacher也clone下
-
student.setTeacher((Teacher) (student.getTeacher().clone()));
-
return student;
-
}
-
}
-
-
输出结果为：
-
20
-
zhangsan
-
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
40
-
Teacher zhang
-
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
40
-
Teacher zhang
3.利用序列化来做深复制,把对象写到流里的过程是序列化（Serilization）过程，而把对象从流中读出来的过程则叫做反序列化（Deserialization）过程。应当指出的是， 写在流里的是对象的一个拷贝，而原对象仍然存在于JVM里面。 ，利用这个特性，可以做深拷贝 。
-
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
-
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
-
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
-
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
-
import java.io.Serializable;
-
//利用序列化来做深复制
-
//深clone
-
-
public
class DeepCloneTest
-
{
-
-
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
-
{
-
// teacher对象将不被clone出来的Student对象共享.
-
Teacher teacher =
new Teacher();
-
teacher.setAge(
40);
-
teacher.setName(
"Teacher zhang");
-
-
Student student1 =
new Student();
-
student1.setAge(
20);
-
student1.setName(
"zhangsan");
-
student1.setTeacher(teacher);
-
-
// 复制出来一个对象student2
-
Student student2 = (Student) student1.deepCopy();
-
System.out.println(student2.getAge());
-
System.out.println(student2.getName());
-
-
System.out.println(
"~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
-
System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getAge());
-
System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getName());
-
-
// 修改student2的引用对象
-
student2.getTeacher().setAge(
50);
-
student2.getTeacher().setName(
"Teacher Li");
-
-
System.out.println(
"~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
-
System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getAge());
-
System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getName());
-
}
-
}
-
-
class Teacher implements Serializable
-
{
-
-
private
static
final
long serialVersionUID = -
8834559347461591191L;
-
-
public
int age;
-
public String name;
-
-
public int getAge()
-
{
-
return age;
-
}
-
-
public void setAge(int age)
-
{
-
this.age = age;
-
}
-
-
public String getName()
-
{
-
return name;
-
}
-
-
public void setName(String name)
-
{
-
this.name = name;
-
}
-
-
}
-
-
class Student implements Serializable
-
{
-
-
// serialVersionUID
-
// 如果你的对象序列化后存到硬盘上面后，可是后来你却更改了类的field(增加或减少或改名)，当你反序列化时，就会出现Exception的，这样就会造成不兼容性的问题。
-
// 但当serialVersionUID相同时，它就会将不一样的field以type的缺省值赋值(如int型的是0,String型的是null等)，这个可以避开不兼容性的问题。所以最好给serialVersionUID赋值
-
private
static
final
long serialVersionUID =
7991552226614088458L;
-
-
public
int age;
-
public String name;
-
public Teacher teacher;
-
-
public int getAge()
-
{
-
return age;
-
}
-
-
public void setAge(int age)
-
{
-
this.age = age;
-
}
-
-
public String getName()
-
{
-
return name;
-
}
-
-
public void setName(String name)
-
{
-
this.name = name;
-
}
-
-
public Teacher getTeacher()
-
{
-
return teacher;
-
}
-
-
public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher)
-
{
-
this.teacher = teacher;
-
}
-
-
public Object deepCopy() throws Exception
-
{
-
// 将该对象序列化成流,因为写在流里的是对象的一个拷贝，而原对象仍然存在于JVM里面。所以利用这个特性可以实现对象的深拷贝
-
ByteArrayOutputStream bos =
new ByteArrayOutputStream();
-
-
ObjectOutputStream oos =
new ObjectOutputStream(bos);
-
-
oos.writeObject(
this);
-
-
// 将流序列化成对象
-
ByteArrayInputStream bis =
new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray());
-
-
ObjectInputStream ois =
new ObjectInputStream(bis);
-
-
return ois.readObject();
-
}
-
}
-
-
输出结果为：
-
20
-
zhangsan
-
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
40
-
Teacher zhang
-
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
40
-
Teacher zhang
173
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