matplotlib 绘制直方图

根据给出的数据来绘制直方图

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

a=[131,  98, 125, 131, 124, 139, 131, 117, 128, 108, 135, 138, 131,
   102, 107, 114, 119, 128, 121, 142, 127, 130, 124, 101, 110, 116,
   117, 110, 128, 128, 115,  99, 136, 126, 134,  95, 138, 117, 111,
    78, 132, 124, 113, 150, 110, 117,  86,  95, 144, 105, 126, 130,
   126, 130, 126, 116, 123, 106, 112, 138, 123,  86, 101,  99, 136,
   123, 117, 119, 105, 137, 123, 128, 125, 104, 109, 134, 125, 127,
   105, 120, 107, 129, 116, 108, 132, 103, 136, 118, 102, 120, 114,
   105, 115, 132, 145, 119, 121, 112, 139, 125, 138, 109, 132, 134,
   156, 106, 117, 127, 144, 139, 139, 119, 140,  83, 110, 102, 123,
   107, 143, 115, 136, 118, 139, 123, 112, 118, 125, 109, 119, 133,
   112, 114, 122, 109, 106, 123, 116, 131, 127, 115, 118, 112, 135,
   115, 146, 137, 116, 103, 144,  83, 123, 111, 110, 111, 100, 154,
   136, 100, 118, 119, 133, 134, 106, 129, 126, 110, 111, 109, 141,
   120, 117, 106, 149, 122, 122, 110, 118, 127, 121, 114, 125, 126,
   114, 140, 103, 130, 141, 117, 106, 114, 121, 114, 133, 137,  92,
   121, 112, 146,  97, 137, 105,  98, 117, 112,  81,  97, 139, 113,
   134, 106, 144, 110, 137, 137, 111, 104, 117, 100, 111, 101, 110,
   105, 129, 137, 112, 120, 113, 133, 112,  83,  94, 146, 133, 101,
   131, 116, 111,  84, 137, 115, 122, 106, 144, 109, 123, 116, 111,
   111, 133, 150]

# 计算数组
d = 3  # 组距的大小根据情况来定
num_bins = (max(a)-min(a))//d+1

# 设置图形大小
plt.figure(figsizes=(20,8),dpi=80)
# 注释：figsuzes括号里的俩个参数分别代表长宽，dpi代表清晰度

# 绘图
plt.hist(a,num_bins,normed=True,range=(78,158))
# 注释：添加参数normed=True代表的是频率直方图，不添加是频数直方图，从坐标的区别
# 	   range参数表示数据的总的区间，默认是从最小值到最大值。

# 设置x轴的刻度
plt.xticks(range(min(a),max(a)+d),d)

# 设置网格
plt.grid()

# 展示
plt.show()