Java 设计模式——工场模式（Factory method）

工场模式：通过一个公共接口来将 对象的创建逻辑与用户分离。

例子：

创建一个ShapeFactory获得不同的Shape对象（Circle，Rectangle，Square）

第一步：创建接口Shape.java

public interface Shape {
	
	void draw();
}

第二步：创建具体的类来实现接口

Rectangle.java

public class Rectangle implements Shape {

	@Override
	public void draw() {
		System.out.println("Inside Rectangle::draw() method.");
	}

}

Rectangle.java

public class Square implements Shape {

	@Override
	public void draw() {
		System.out.println("Inside Square::draw() method.");
	}

}

Circle.java

public class Circle implements Shape{

	@Override
	public void draw() {
		System.out.println("Inside Circle::draw() method.");
	}

}

第三步：创建工场类ShapeFactory.java，根据用户传入的信息获得对应的类的实例

public class ShapeFactory {
	public Shape getShape(String shapeType){
		if(shapeType == null){
			return null;
		}
		if(shapeType.equalsIgnoreCase("CIRCLE")){
			return new Circle();
		}
		if(shapeType.equalsIgnoreCase("RECTANGLE")){
			return new Rectangle();
		}
		if(shapeType.equalsIgnoreCase("SQUARE")){
			return new Square();
		}
		return null;
	}

}

第四步：使用工场类测试 FactoryPatternDemo.java

public class FactoryPatternDemo {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ShapeFactory shapeFactory = new ShapeFactory();
		
		Shape shape1 = shapeFactory.getShape("CIRCLE");
		shape1.draw();
		
		Shape shape2 = shapeFactory.getShape("RECTANGLE");
		shape2.draw();
		
		Shape shape3 = shapeFactory.getShape("SQUARE");
		shape3.draw();
	}
	
}

输出结果：

Inside Circle::draw() method.
Inside Rectangle::draw() method.
Inside Square::draw() method.