iphone开发-SQLite数据库使用
我现在要使用SQLite3.0创建一个数据库,然后在数据库中创建一个表格。
首先要引入SQLite3.0的lib库。然后包含头文件#import <sqlite3.h>
【1】
打开数据库,如果没有,那么创建一个
sqlite3* database_;
-(BOOL) open{
NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
NSString *path = [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"mydb.sql"];
NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
BOOL find = [fileManager fileExistsAtPath:path];
NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
NSString *path = [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"mydb.sql"];
NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
BOOL find = [fileManager fileExistsAtPath:path];
//找到数据库文件mydb.sql
if (find) {
NSLog(@"Database file have already existed.");
if(sqlite3_open([path UTF8String], &database_) != SQLITE_OK) {
sqlite3_close(database_);
NSLog(@"Error: open database file.");
return NO;
}
return YES;
}
if(sqlite3_open([path UTF8String], &database_) == SQLITE_OK) {
bFirstCreate_ = YES;
[self createChannelsTable:database_];//在后面实现函数 createChannelsTable
if (find) {
NSLog(@"Database file have already existed.");
if(sqlite3_open([path UTF8String], &database_) != SQLITE_OK) {
sqlite3_close(database_);
NSLog(@"Error: open database file.");
return NO;
}
return YES;
}
if(sqlite3_open([path UTF8String], &database_) == SQLITE_OK) {
bFirstCreate_ = YES;
[self createChannelsTable:database_];//在后面实现函数 createChannelsTable
return YES;
} else {
sqlite3_close(database_);
NSLog(@"Error: open database file.");
return NO;
}
return NO;
}
} else {
sqlite3_close(database_);
NSLog(@"Error: open database file.");
return NO;
}
return NO;
}
【2】创建表格
//创建表格,假设有五个字段,(id,cid,title,imageData ,imageLen )
//说明一下,id为表格的主键,必须有。
//cid,和title都是字符串,imageData是二进制数据,imageLen 是该二进制数据的长度。
- (BOOL) createChannelsTable:(sqlite3*)db{
char *sql = "CREATE TABLE channels (id integer primary key, \
cid text, \
title text, \
imageData BLOB, \
imageLen integer)";
sqlite3_stmt *statement;
if(sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, sql, -1, &statement, nil) != SQLITE_OK) {
NSLog(@"Error: failed to prepare statement:create channels table");
return NO;
}
int success = sqlite3_step(statement);
sqlite3_finalize(statement);
if ( success != SQLITE_DONE) {
NSLog(@"Error: failed to dehydrate:CREATE TABLE channels");
return NO;
}
NSLog(@"Create table 'channels' successed.");
return YES;
}
- (BOOL) createChannelsTable:(sqlite3*)db{
char *sql = "CREATE TABLE channels (id integer primary key, \
cid text, \
title text, \
imageData BLOB, \
imageLen integer)";
sqlite3_stmt *statement;
if(sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, sql, -1, &statement, nil) != SQLITE_OK) {
NSLog(@"Error: failed to prepare statement:create channels table");
return NO;
}
int success = sqlite3_step(statement);
sqlite3_finalize(statement);
if ( success != SQLITE_DONE) {
NSLog(@"Error: failed to dehydrate:CREATE TABLE channels");
return NO;
}
NSLog(@"Create table 'channels' successed.");
return YES;
}
【3】
向表格中插入一条记录
假设channle是一个数据结构体,保存了一条记录的内容。
- (BOOL) insertOneChannel:(Channel*)channel{
NSData* ImageData = UIImagePNGRepresentation( channel.image_);
NSInteger Imagelen = [ImageData length];
sqlite3_stmt *statement;
static char *sql = "INSERT INTO channels (cid,title,imageData,imageLen)\
VALUES(?,?,?,?)";
NSData* ImageData = UIImagePNGRepresentation( channel.image_);
NSInteger Imagelen = [ImageData length];
sqlite3_stmt *statement;
static char *sql = "INSERT INTO channels (cid,title,imageData,imageLen)\
VALUES(?,?,?,?)";
//问号的个数要和(cid,title,imageData,imageLen)里面字段的个数匹配,代表未知的值,将在下面将值和字段关联。
int success = sqlite3_prepare_v2(database_, sql, -1, &statement, NULL);
if (success != SQLITE_OK) {
NSLog(@"Error: failed to insert:channels");
return NO;
}
int success = sqlite3_prepare_v2(database_, sql, -1, &statement, NULL);
if (success != SQLITE_OK) {
NSLog(@"Error: failed to insert:channels");
return NO;
}
//这里的数字1,2,3,4代表第几个问号
sqlite3_bind_text(statement, 1, [channel.id_ UTF8String], -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
sqlite3_bind_text(statement, 2, [channel.title_ UTF8String], -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
sqlite3_bind_blob(statement, 3, [ImageData bytes], Imagelen, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
sqlite3_bind_int(statement, 4, Imagelen);
sqlite3_bind_text(statement, 1, [channel.id_ UTF8String], -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
sqlite3_bind_text(statement, 2, [channel.title_ UTF8String], -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
sqlite3_bind_blob(statement, 3, [ImageData bytes], Imagelen, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
sqlite3_bind_int(statement, 4, Imagelen);
success = sqlite3_step(statement);
sqlite3_finalize(statement);
if (success == SQLITE_ERROR) {
NSLog(@"Error: failed to insert into the database with message.");
return NO;
}
NSLog(@"Insert One Channel#############:id = %@",channel.id_);
return YES;
}
【4】数据库查询
这里获取表格中所有的记录,放到数组fChannels中。
- (void) getChannels:(NSMutableArray*)fChannels{
sqlite3_stmt *statement = nil;
char *sql = "SELECT * FROM channels";
if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(database_, sql, -1, &statement, NULL) != SQLITE_OK) {
NSLog(@"Error: failed to prepare statement with message:get channels.");
}
//查询结果集中一条一条的遍历所有的记录,这里的数字对应的是列值。
while (sqlite3_step(statement) == SQLITE_ROW) {
char* cid = (char*)sqlite3_column_text(statement, 1);
char* title = (char*)sqlite3_column_text(statement, 2);
Byte* imageData = (Byte*)sqlite3_column_blob(statement, 3);
int imageLen = sqlite3_column_int(statement, 4);
Channel* channel = [[Channel alloc] init];
if(cid)
channel.id_ = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:cid];
if(title)
channel.title_ = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:title];
if(imageData){
UIImage* image = [UIImage imageWithData:[NSData dataWithBytes:imageData length:imageLen]];
channel.image_ = image;
}
[fChannels addObject:channel];
[channel release];
}
sqlite3_finalize(statement);
}
sqlite3_stmt *statement = nil;
char *sql = "SELECT * FROM channels";
if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(database_, sql, -1, &statement, NULL) != SQLITE_OK) {
NSLog(@"Error: failed to prepare statement with message:get channels.");
}
//查询结果集中一条一条的遍历所有的记录,这里的数字对应的是列值。
while (sqlite3_step(statement) == SQLITE_ROW) {
char* cid = (char*)sqlite3_column_text(statement, 1);
char* title = (char*)sqlite3_column_text(statement, 2);
Byte* imageData = (Byte*)sqlite3_column_blob(statement, 3);
int imageLen = sqlite3_column_int(statement, 4);
Channel* channel = [[Channel alloc] init];
if(cid)
channel.id_ = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:cid];
if(title)
channel.title_ = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:title];
if(imageData){
UIImage* image = [UIImage imageWithData:[NSData dataWithBytes:imageData length:imageLen]];
channel.image_ = image;
}
[fChannels addObject:channel];
[channel release];
}
sqlite3_finalize(statement);
}
iphone访问本地数据库sqlite3
Phone也支持访问本地数据库Sqlite 3。
这里简单的介绍一下iPhone上Sqlite 3的使用方法。
首先需要在项目中引用
Sqlite 3的开发包,下面是在iPhone SDK 3.0下的目录:
/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneOS.platform/Developer/SDKs/iPhoneOS3.0.sdk/usr/lib/libsqlite3.0.dylib
到这里你需要事先用命令来创建
Sqlite 3的数据库文件,并在其中创建自己的表等等,然后作为资源文件添加到项目,然后在程序第一次运行的时候复制到程序下的Documents或其他目录下,关于
Sqlite 3的基本操作网上已经有不少文章,这里就不重复了。
在iPhone中使用
Sqlite 3主要步骤如下:
1 首先获取iPhone上
Sqlite 3的数据库文件的地址
2 打开
Sqlite 3的数据库文件
3 定义SQL文
4 邦定执行SQL所需要的参数
5 执行SQL文,并获取结果
6 释放资源
7 关闭
Sqlite 3数据库。
下面结合代码来示范一下。
- // 首先获取iPhone上Sqlite3的数据库文件的地址
- NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
- NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
- NSString *path = [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"database_name"];
- // 打开Sqlite3的数据库文件
- sqlite3 *database;
- sqlite3_open([path UTF8String], &database);
- // 定义SQL文
- sqlite3_stmt *stmt;
- const char *sql = "SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE pk=? and name=?";
- sqlite3_prepare_v2(database, sql, -1, &stmt, NULL);
- // 邦定第一个int参数
- sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 1, 1);
- // 邦定第二个字符串参数
- sqlite3_bind_text(stmt, 2, [title UTF8String], -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
- // 执行SQL文,并获取结果
- sqlite3_step(stmt);
- // 释放资源
- sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
- // 关闭Sqlite3数据库
- sqlite3_close(database);
这里只是粗略的给大家介绍了一下,更详细的资料请参考Apple的官方文档。