Windows应用程序-键盘鼠标事件

设计一个窗口，在该窗口中练习键盘的响应，要求如下：

(1) 单击键盘上的向上箭头时，窗口中显示“You had hitted the up key”

(2) 单击<Shift>键时，窗口中显示“You had hitted the SHIFT key”

(3) 单击<Ctrl>键时，窗口中显示“You had hitted the CTRL key”

(4) 单击<Ctrl+A>键时，窗口中显示“You had hitted the CTRL A key”

(5) 单击<Shift+B>键时，窗口中显示“You had hitted the SHIFT B key”

(6) 按下其它键时，清空屏幕

#include<windows.h>

long WINAPI WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT iMessage, UINT wParam, LONG lParam);
BOOL InitWindowsClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);
BOOL InitWindows(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow);
HWND hWndMain;

//主函数
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, 
                   HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, 
                   LPSTR lpCmdLine, 
                   int nCmdShow)
{
	MSG Message;
	if (!InitWindowsClass(hInstance))
		return FALSE;
	if (!InitWindows(hInstance, nCmdShow))
		return FALSE;
	while (GetMessage(&Message, 0, 0, 0)) //消息循环
	{
		TranslateMessage(&Message);
		DispatchMessage(&Message);
	}
	return Message.wParam;
}
long WINAPI WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT iMessage, UINT wParam, LONG lParam)
{
	HDC hDC;				//定义设备环境句柄.
	PAINTSTRUCT ps;			//定义包含绘图信息的结构体变量
	HPEN hPen;				//定义画笔句柄。
	HBRUSH hBrush;			//定义画刷句柄 
							//以下定义输出的字符串
	static char cUp[] = "You had hitted the UP key";
	static char cCtrl[] = "You had hitted the Ctrl key";
	static char cShift[] = "You had hitted the SHIFT key";
	static char cCtrl_A[] = "You had hitted the CTRL A key";
	static char cShift_B[] = "You had hitted the SHIFT B key";
	//下面定义并初始化按键标志变量。
	static BOOL nUpKeyDown = FALSE,
		nShiftKeyDown = FALSE,
		nCtrlKeyDown = FALSE,
		nCtrlAKeyDown = FALSE,
		nShiftBKeyDown = FALSE,
		elseKeyDown = FALSE,
		elseChar = FALSE;
	switch (iMessage)
	{
	case WM_KEYDOWN:
	{
		switch (wParam)
		{
		case VK_UP:		//当按上箭头键时，变量置为真。
			nUpKeyDown = TRUE;
			break;
		case VK_SHIFT:			//当按shift键时，变量置为真。
			nShiftKeyDown = TRUE;
			break;
		case VK_CONTROL:			//当按control键时，变量置为真
			nCtrlKeyDown = TRUE;
			break;
		default:
			elseKeyDown = TRUE;
			break;
		}
	}
	break;
	case WM_KEYUP:
		InvalidateRect(hWnd, NULL, FALSE);	//产生WM_PAINT消息
		break;
	case WM_CHAR:
		if (wParam == (65 & VK_CONTROL))	               //当按下Ctrl+a键时
		{
			if (nCtrlKeyDown == TRUE)
			{
				nCtrlAKeyDown = TRUE;
				nCtrlKeyDown = FALSE;
			}
		}
		else if (wParam == 98 || wParam == 66)	//当按下b键时
		{
			if (nShiftKeyDown == TRUE)		//检查shift键是否处于按下状态。
			{
				nShiftBKeyDown = TRUE;	//当SHIFT键按下时，变量置为真
				nShiftKeyDown = FALSE;
			}
		}
		else
		{
			elseChar = TRUE;
		}
		break;
	case WM_PAINT:						//处理绘图消息.
		hDC = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
		hBrush = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);	//创建 白画刷。
		hPen = (HPEN)GetStockObject(WHITE_PEN);		//创建白画笔。
		SelectObject(hDC, hPen);				//选入白画刷
		SelectObject(hDC, hBrush);			//选入白画笔
		SetTextColor(hDC, RGB(255, 0, 0));		//设置字体颜色为红色。
												//输出信息
		if (nUpKeyDown == TRUE)
		{
			Rectangle(hDC, 0, 0, 300, 200);                         //覆盖字符串
			TextOut(hDC, 0, 0, cUp, strlen(cUp));
			nUpKeyDown = FALSE;
		}
		else if (nCtrlAKeyDown == TRUE)
		{
			Rectangle(hDC, 0, 0, 300, 200);
			TextOut(hDC, 0, 100, cCtrl_A, strlen(cCtrl_A));
			nCtrlAKeyDown = FALSE;
		}
		else if (nCtrlKeyDown == TRUE&&nCtrlAKeyDown == FALSE)
		{
			Rectangle(hDC, 0, 0, 300, 200);
			TextOut(hDC, 0, 60, cCtrl, strlen(cCtrl));
			nCtrlKeyDown = FALSE;
		}
		else if (nShiftBKeyDown == TRUE)
		{
			Rectangle(hDC, 0, 0, 300, 200);
			TextOut(hDC, 0, 0, cShift_B, strlen(cShift_B));
			nShiftBKeyDown = FALSE;
			nShiftKeyDown = FALSE;
		}
		else if (nShiftBKeyDown == FALSE&&nShiftKeyDown == TRUE)
		{
			Rectangle(hDC, 0, 0, 300, 200);
			TextOut(hDC, 0, 0, cShift, strlen(cShift));
			nShiftKeyDown = FALSE;
		}
		else if (elseChar == TRUE || elseKeyDown == TRUE)
		{
			Rectangle(hDC, 0, 0, 300, 200);
			elseChar = FALSE;
			elseKeyDown == FALSE;
			break;
		}
		//删除画笔和画刷
		DeleteObject(hPen);
		DeleteObject(hBrush);
		EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
		break;
	case WM_DESTROY:
		PostQuitMessage(0);	return 0;
	default:
		return(DefWindowProc(hWnd, iMessage, wParam, lParam));
	}
	return 0;
}

BOOL InitWindows(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow) // 初始化窗口
{
	HWND hWnd;
	hWnd = CreateWindow("WinFill", "练习六", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL); // 生成窗口
	if (!hWnd)
		return FALSE;
	hWndMain = hWnd;
	ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);	//显示窗口
	UpdateWindow(hWnd);
	return TRUE;
}

BOOL InitWindowsClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)	//定义窗口类
{
	WNDCLASS WndClass;
	WndClass.cbClsExtra = 0;
	WndClass.cbWndExtra = 0;
	WndClass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH));
	WndClass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
	WndClass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, "END");
	WndClass.hInstance = hInstance;
	WndClass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
	WndClass.lpszClassName = "WinFill";
	WndClass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
	WndClass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
	return RegisterClass(&WndClass);
}

编写一个鼠标应用程序，按下鼠标左键在窗口中移动时，将按下左键时所在点和当前点所形成的矩形涂成灰色，开始光标为十字型，拉伸过程中将光标设置为沙漏型。然后，若双击鼠标的左键，则将前面所绘制的矩形拉伸到整个窗口。若单击鼠标的右键，则灰色消失，窗口恢复到初始状态，光标恢复为十字型。

#include<windows.h>

LRESULT CALLBACK  WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
BOOL InitWindowsClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);
BOOL InitWindows(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow);
HWND hWndMain;

//主函数
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, 
                   HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, 
                   LPSTR lpCmdLine, 
                   int nCmdShow)
{
	MSG Message;
	if (!InitWindowsClass(hInstance))
		return FALSE;
	if (!InitWindows(hInstance, nCmdShow))
		return FALSE;
	while (GetMessage(&Message, 0, 0, 0)) //消息循环
	{
		TranslateMessage(&Message);
		DispatchMessage(&Message);
	}
	return Message.wParam;
}

LRESULT CALLBACK  WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	static BOOL  operate = FALSE, ready = TRUE;//operate为按下左键标识，ready为绘制初始图形标识
	static POINT BeginP, EndP;
	static RECT  rect = { 0,0,0,0 };
	HDC          hdc;
	PAINTSTRUCT  PtStr;
	HBRUSH       hBrush;

	switch (message)
	{
	case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
		if ((!operate) && ready)
		{
			operate = TRUE;		//左键击活俘获
			ready = FALSE;
			SetCapture(hwnd);   //把所有的鼠标信息输入到被左键击活的窗口.
			SetCursor(LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_CROSS));	 //载入光标
			BeginP.x = LOWORD(lParam);
			BeginP.y = HIWORD(lParam);
		}
		return 0;
	case WM_MOUSEMOVE:
		if (operate)
		{
			EndP.x = LOWORD(lParam);
			EndP.y = HIWORD(lParam);
			rect.left = BeginP.x < EndP.x ? BeginP.x : EndP.x;
			rect.right = BeginP.x > EndP.x ? BeginP.x : EndP.x;
			rect.top = BeginP.y < EndP.y ? BeginP.y : EndP.y;
			rect.bottom = BeginP.y > EndP.y ? BeginP.y : EndP.y;
			SetCursor(LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_WAIT));	//载入沙漏光标
			InvalidateRect(hwnd, NULL, TRUE);
		}
		return 0;
	case WM_LBUTTONUP:
		operate = FALSE;
		SetCursor(LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW));
		ReleaseCapture();	//把鼠标从当前窗口中释放出来
		return 0;
	case WM_PAINT:
		if (ready == FALSE) //非初始状态,曾经按下了左键
		{
			hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &PtStr);
			hBrush = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(LTGRAY_BRUSH);
			SelectObject(hdc, hBrush);
			Rectangle(hdc, rect.left, rect.top, rect.right, rect.bottom);
			DeleteObject(hBrush);	
			EndPaint(hwnd, &PtStr);
		}
		else //初始状态,或者用单击右键恢复到初始状态
		{
			hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &PtStr);
			GetClientRect(hwnd, &rect);		
			//使用当前缺省画笔、画刷进行绘图
			Rectangle(hdc, rect.left, rect.top, rect.right, rect.bottom);
			EndPaint(hwnd, &PtStr);
		}
		return 0;
	case WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK:
			GetClientRect(hwnd, &rect);//设置绘图区域为整个用户区
			InvalidateRect(hwnd, NULL, TRUE);
			SetCursor(LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW));
			ReleaseCapture();	//把鼠标从当前窗口中释放出来
		return 0;
	case WM_RBUTTONDOWN:
		if (ready == FALSE)
		{
			ready = TRUE;		
			InvalidateRect(hwnd, NULL, TRUE);
			SetCursor(LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW));
			ReleaseCapture();	//把鼠标从当前窗口中释放出来
		}
		return 0;
	case WM_DESTROY:
		PostQuitMessage(0);
		return 0;
	}
	return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}


BOOL InitWindows(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow) // 初始化窗口
{
	HWND hWnd;
	hWnd = CreateWindow("WinFill", "练习六(2)", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL); // 生成窗口
	if (!hWnd)
		return FALSE;
	hWndMain = hWnd;
	ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);	//显示窗口
	UpdateWindow(hWnd);
	return TRUE;
}

BOOL InitWindowsClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)	//定义窗口类
{
	WNDCLASS WndClass;
	WndClass.cbClsExtra = 0;
	WndClass.cbWndExtra = 0;
	WndClass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH));
	WndClass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
	WndClass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, "END");
	WndClass.hInstance = hInstance;
	WndClass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
	WndClass.lpszClassName = "WinFill";
	WndClass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
	WndClass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW | CS_DBLCLKS;
	return RegisterClass(&WndClass);
}