随机数生成

把MSDN的例子复制过来了

// compile with: /EHsc /W4  
#include <random>   
#include <iostream>  
#include <iomanip>  
#include <string>  
#include <map>  
  
void test(const double a, const double b, const int s) {  
  
    // uncomment to use a non-deterministic seed  
    //    std::random_device rd;  
    //    std::mt19937 gen(rd());  
    std::mt19937 gen(1729);  
  
    std::uniform_real_distribution<> distr(a,b);  
  
    std::cout << "lower bound == " << distr.a() << std::endl;  
    std::cout << "upper bound == " << distr.b() << std::endl;  
  
    // generate the distribution as a histogram  
    std::map<double, int> histogram;  
    for (int i = 0; i < s; ++i) {  
        ++histogram[distr(gen)];  
    }  
  
    // print results  
    std::cout << "Distribution for " << s << " samples:" << std::endl;  
    int counter = 0;  
    for (const auto& elem : histogram) {  
        std::cout << std::fixed << std::setw(11) << ++counter << ": "   
            << std::setprecision(10) << elem.first << std::endl;  
    }  
    std::cout << std::endl;  
}  
  
int main()  
{  
    double a_dist = 1.0;  
    double b_dist = 1.5;  
  
    int samples = 10;  
  
    std::cout << "Use CTRL-Z to bypass data entry and run using default values." << std::endl;  
    std::cout << "Enter a floating point value for the lower bound of the distribution: ";  
    std::cin >> a_dist;  
    std::cout << "Enter a floating point value for the upper bound of the distribution: ";  
    std::cin >> b_dist;  
    std::cout << "Enter an integer value for the sample count: ";  
    std::cin >> samples;  
  
    test(a_dist, b_dist, samples);  
}