使用Cygwin在Windows上体验Linux

转载自：http://os.51cto.com/art/201507/485420.htm

前言

记得大学的时候就曾经使用过Cygwin，可惜当时没有发现她的美，我相信现在大多数朋友可能会更加倾向于使用Git或者干脆直接使用虚拟机以及原生Unix。不过对于刚进入Linux世界的新人来说，使用Cygwin可以让你在Windows下面练习Linux的Bash，以及常用工具，而不需要安装Linux，也不用担心Windows被破坏，给每个人多一种选择也蛮好的，最后再一次感谢163为开源做出的努力。

更新历史

Cygwin - http://www.cygwin.com/
163源 - http://mirrors.163.com/cygwin/

按照个人习惯一步步勾选即可，软件源我选择163，如果网络不给力可以下载我提供的完整离线包。

在线安装

1. 点击下一步
2. 选择Install from Internet
3. 自定义安装路径
4. 自定义Local Package Directory
5. 自定义网络连接下载方式（可以使用代理加速）
6. 选择http://mirrors.163.com作为下载源
7. 选择自己所需的Packages

离线安装

1. 点击下一步
2. 选择Install from Local Directory
3. 自定义安装路径
4. 定义Local Package Directory为mirrors.163.com
5. 选择自己所需的Packages

软件库

你同样可以在Cygwin上编译安装和执行Unix下的程序

在Select Packages界面搜索并勾选所需的包或者直接全部install Devel，举个GoAccess栗子

    Administrator@PC-20150629NSFI ~/goaccess-0.9.2 
    $ ./configure --enable-utf8 
    checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c 
    checking whether build environment is sane... yes 
    checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /usr/bin/mkdir -p 
    checking for gawk... gawk 
    checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes 
    checking for gcc... gcc 
    checking whether the C compiler works... yes 
    checking for C compiler default output file name... a.exe 
    checking for suffix of executables... .exe 
    checking whether we are cross compiling... no 
    checking for suffix of object files... o 
    checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes 
    checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes 
    checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed 
    checking for style of include used by make... GNU 
    checking dependency style of gcc... gcc3 
    checking whether gcc and cc understand -c and -o together... yes 
    checking for pthread_create in -lpthread... yes 
    checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-cygwin 
    checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-cygwin 
    checking whether to build with rdynamic for GNU ld... no 
    checking for mvaddwstr in -lncursesw... yes 
    checking for ncursesw/ncurses.h... yes 
    checking for ncurses.h... yes 
    checking for pkg-config... /usr/bin/pkg-config 
    checking pkg-config is at least version 0.9.0... yes 
    checking for pkg-config... /usr/bin/pkg-config 
    checking for GLIB2... yes 
    checking for g_list_append in -lglib-2.0... yes 
    checking for socket in -lsocket... no 
    checking for gethostbyname in -lnsl... no 
    checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E 
    checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /usr/bin/grep 
    checking for egrep... /usr/bin/grep -E 
    checking for ANSI C header files... yes 
    checking for sys/types.h... yes 
    checking for sys/stat.h... yes 
    checking for stdlib.h... yes 
    checking for string.h... yes 
    checking for memory.h... yes 
    checking for strings.h... yes 
    checking for inttypes.h... yes 
    checking for stdint.h... yes 
    checking for unistd.h... yes 
    checking netinet/in.h usability... yes 
    checking netinet/in.h presence... yes 
    checking for netinet/in.h... yes 
    checking sys/socket.h usability... yes 
    checking sys/socket.h presence... yes 
    checking for sys/socket.h... yes 
    checking arpa/inet.h usability... yes 
    checking arpa/inet.h presence... yes 
    checking for arpa/inet.h... yes 
    checking locale.h usability... yes 
    checking locale.h presence... yes 
    checking for locale.h... yes 
    checking netdb.h usability... yes 
    checking netdb.h presence... yes 
    checking for netdb.h... yes 
    checking for stdint.h... (cached) yes 
    checking for stdlib.h... (cached) yes 
    checking for string.h... (cached) yes 
    checking for unistd.h... (cached) yes 
    checking stddef.h usability... yes 
    checking stddef.h presence... yes 
    checking for stddef.h... yes 
    checking for an ANSI C-conforming const... yes 
    checking for off_t... yes 
    checking for size_t... yes 
    checking whether struct tm is in sys/time.h or time.h... time.h 
    checking for ptrdiff_t... yes 
    checking for working strtod... yes 
    checking for _LARGEFILE_SOURCE value needed for large files... no 
    checking for working memcmp... yes 
    checking whether lstat correctly handles trailing slash... yes 
    checking whether stat accepts an empty string... no 
    checking for strftime... yes 
    checking for regcomp... yes 
    checking for strtoull... yes 
    checking for memmove... yes 
    checking for floor... yes 
    checking for gethostbyaddr... yes 
    checking for gethostbyname... yes 
    checking for memset... yes 
    checking for setlocale... yes 
    checking for strchr... yes 
    checking for strdup... yes 
    checking for strerror... yes 
    checking for strrchr... yes 
    checking for strstr... yes 
    checking for strtol... yes 
    checking for realpath... yes 
    checking for malloc... yes 
    checking for realloc... yes 
    configure: creating ./config.status 
    config.status: creating Makefile 
    config.status: creating src/config.h 
    config.status: executing depfiles commands 
     
    Your build configuration: 
     
      CFLAGS = -pthread 
      storage: On-memory Hash Database (GLib) 
      prefix: /usr/local 
      package: goaccess 
      version: 0.9.2 
      bugs: goaccess@prosoftcorp.com 
     
     
    make && make install 
     
    $ goaccess -V 
    GoAccess - 0.9.2. 
    For more details visit: http://goaccess.io 
    Copyright (C) 2009-2015 GNU GPL'd, by Gerardo Orellana