下面来看一下具体的例子吧:
Person.h
- //
- // Person.h
- // 46_NSPredicate
- //
- // Created by jiangwei on 14-10-18.
- // Copyright (c) 2014年 jiangwei. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
- @interface Person : NSObject
- @property NSString *name;
- @property NSInteger age;
- + (id)personWithName:(NSString *)name andAge:(NSInteger)age;
- @end
- //
- // Person.m
- // 46_NSPredicate
- //
- // Created by jiangwei on 14-10-18.
- // Copyright (c) 2014年 jiangwei. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import "Person.h"
- @implementation Person
- + (id)personWithName:(NSString *)name andAge:(NSInteger)age{
- Person *person = [[Person alloc] init];
- person.name = name;
- person.age = age;
- return person;
- }
- - (NSString *)description{
- NSString *s =[NSString stringWithFormat:@"name=%@,age=%ld",_name,_age];
- return s;
- }
- @end
测试方法
main.m
- //
- // main.m
- // 46_NSPredicate
- //
- // Created by jiangwei on 14-10-18.
- // Copyright (c) 2014年 jiangwei. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
- #import "Person.h"
- //谓词,指定过滤器的条件,将符合条件的对象保留下来
- //一般用谓词过滤数组中指定的元素
- int main(int argc, const charchar * argv[]) {
- @autoreleasepool {
- NSArray *persons = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
- [Person personWithName:@"mac" andAge:20],
- [Person personWithName:@"1" andAge:30],
- [Person personWithName:@"2" andAge:40],
- [Person personWithName:@"3" andAge:50],
- [Person personWithName:@"4" andAge:60],
- [Person personWithName:@"5" andAge:70],
- [Person personWithName:@"6" andAge:20],
- [Person personWithName:@"7" andAge:40],
- [Person personWithName:@"8" andAge:60],
- [Person personWithName:@"9" andAge:40],
- [Person personWithName:@"0" andAge:80],
- [Person personWithName:@"10" andAge:90],
- [Person personWithName:@"1" andAge:20]];
- //年龄小于30
- //定义谓词对象,谓词对象中包含了过滤条件
- NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"age<%d",30];
- //使用谓词条件过滤数组中的元素,过滤之后返回查询的结果
- NSArray *array = [persons filteredArrayUsingPredicate:predicate];
- NSLog(@"filterArray=%@",array);
- //查询name=1的并且age大于40
- predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name='1' && age>40"];
- array = [persons filteredArrayUsingPredicate:predicate];
- NSLog(@"filterArray=%@",array);
- //in(包含)
- predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"self.name IN {'1','2','4'} || self.age IN{30,40}"];
- //name以a开头的
- predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name BEGINSWITH 'a'"];
- //name以ba结尾的
- predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name ENDSWITH 'ba'"];
- //name中包含字符a的
- predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name CONTAINS 'a'"];
- //like 匹配任意多个字符
- //name中只要有s字符就满足条件
- predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name like '*s*'"];
- //?代表一个字符,下面的查询条件是:name中第二个字符是s的
- predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name like '?s'"];
- }
- return 0;
- }
然后我们就可以使用NSPredicate类进行过滤操作了
1、查询数组中年龄小于30的对象
- //年龄小于30
- //定义谓词对象,谓词对象中包含了过滤条件
- NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"age<%d",30];
- //使用谓词条件过滤数组中的元素,过滤之后返回查询的结果
- NSArray *array = [persons filteredArrayUsingPredicate:predicate];
- NSLog(@"filterArray=%@",array);
- //定义谓词对象,谓词对象中包含了过滤条件
- NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"age<%d",30];
然后进行过滤操作,返回一个过滤之后的数组对象
- //使用谓词条件过滤数组中的元素,过滤之后返回查询的结果
- NSArray *array = [persons filteredArrayUsingPredicate:predicate];
- //查询name=1的并且age大于40
- predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name='1' && age>40"];
- array = [persons filteredArrayUsingPredicate:predicate];
- NSLog(@"filterArray=%@",array);
3、包含语句的使用
- //in(包含)
- predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"self.name IN {'1','2','4'} || self.age IN{30,40}"];
- //name以a开头的
- predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name BEGINSWITH 'a'"];
- //name以ba结尾的
- predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name ENDSWITH 'ba'"];
- //name中包含字符a的
- predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name CONTAINS 'a'"];
- //like 匹配任意多个字符
- //name中只要有s字符就满足条件
- predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name like '*s*'"];
- //?代表一个字符,下面的查询条件是:name中第二个字符是s的
- predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name like '?s'"];