python连接mysql、sqlserver、oracle、postgresql数据库的一些封装

包括python连接数据库，以及django下配置连接数据库

'''
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'''
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import psycopg2
import pymysql
import pymssql
import cx_Oracle


import time
from functools import wraps
from contextlib import contextmanager


# 测试一个函数的运行时间，使用方式：在待测函数直接添加此修饰器
def timethis(func):
    @wraps(func)
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        start = time.perf_counter()
        r = func(*args, **kwargs)
        end = time.perf_counter()
        print('\n============================================================')
        print('{}.{} : {}'.format(func.__module__, func.__name__, end - start))
        print('============================================================\n')
        return r
    return wrapper


# 测试一段代码运行的时间，使用方式：上下文管理器with
# with timeblock('block_name'):
#     your_code_block...
@contextmanager
def timeblock(label='Code'):
    start = time.perf_counter()
    try:
        yield
    finally:
        end = time.perf_counter()
        print('==============================================================')
        print('{} run time: {}'.format(label, end - start))
        print('==============================================================')


class SqlConn():
    '''
    连接数据库，以及进行一些操作的封装
    '''
    sql_name = ''
    database = ''
    user = ''
    password = ''
    port = 0
    host = ''

    # 创建连接、游标
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if kwargs.get("sql_name"):
            self.sql_name = kwargs.get("sql_name")
        if kwargs.get("database"):
            self.database = kwargs.get("database")
        if kwargs.get("user"):
            self.user = kwargs.get("user")
        if kwargs.get("password"):
            self.password = kwargs.get("password")
        if kwargs.get("port"):
            self.port = kwargs.get("port")
        if kwargs.get("host"):
            self.host = kwargs.get("host")

        if not (self.host and self.port and self.user and
                self.password and self.database):
            raise Warning("conn_error, missing some params!")

        sql_conn = {'mysql': pymysql,
                    'postgresql': psycopg2,
                    'sqlserver': pymssql,
                    'orcle': cx_Oracle
                    }

        self.conn = sql_conn[self.sql_name].connect(host=self.host,
                                                    port=self.port,
                                                    user=self.user,
                                                    password=self.password,
                                                    database=self.database,
                                                    )
        self.cursor = self.conn.cursor()
        if not self.cursor:
            raise Warning("conn_error!")

    # 测试连接
    def test_conn(self):
        if self.cursor:
            print("conn success!")
        else:
            print('conn error!')

    # 单条语句的并提交
    def execute(self, sql_code):
        self.cursor.execute(sql_code)
        self.conn.commit()

    # 单条语句的不提交
    def execute_no_conmmit(self, sql_code):
        self.cursor.execute(sql_code)

    # 构造多条语句，使用%s参数化，对于每个list都进行替代构造
    def excute_many(self, sql_base, param_list):
        self.cursor.executemany(sql_base, param_list)

    # 批量执行（待完善）
    def batch_execute(self, sql_code):
        pass

    # 获取数据
    def get_data(self, sql_code, count=0):
        self.cursor.execute(sql_code)
        if int(count):
            return self.cursor.fetchmany(count)
        else:
            return self.cursor.fetchall()

    # 更新数据
    def updata_data(self, sql_code):
        self.cursor(sql_code)

    # 插入数据
    def insert_data(self, sql_code):
        self.cursor(sql_code)

    # 滚动游标
    def cursor_scroll(self, count, mode='relative'):
        self.cursor.scroll(count, mode=mode)

    # 提交
    def commit(self):
        self.conn.commit()

    # 回滚
    def rollback(self):
        self.conn.rollback()

    # 关闭连接
    def close_conn(self):
        self.cursor.close()
        self.conn.close()

---

'''
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寻找有志同道合的小伙伴，互帮互助,群里还有不错的视频学习教程和PDF电子书！
'''
import psycopg2
import pymysql
import pymssql
import cx_Oracle
from mysite.settings import DATABASES


class SqlConn():
    '''
    连接数据库，以及进行一些操作的封装
    '''

    # 创建连接、游标
    def __init__(self):
        print(DATABASES['default']['ENGINE'])
        if DATABASES['default']['ENGINE'] == 'django.db.backends.mysql':
            self.sql_name = 'mysql'
        elif DATABASES['default']['ENGINE'] == 'sql_server.pyodbc':
            self.sql_name = 'sqlserver'
            print(self.sql_name)
        else:
            self.sql_name = ''
            raise Warning("conn_error!")
        self.host = DATABASES['default']['HOST']
        self.port = DATABASES['default']['PORT']
        self.user = DATABASES['default']['USER']
        self.password = DATABASES['default']['PASSWORD']
        self.database = DATABASES['default']['NAME']

        sql_conn = {'mysql': pymysql,
                    'postgresql': psycopg2,
                    'sqlserver': pymssql,
                    'orcle': cx_Oracle
                    }

        self.conn = sql_conn[self.sql_name].connect(host=self.host,
                                                    port=self.port,
                                                    user=self.user,
                                                    password=self.password,
                                                    database=self.database,
                                                    # charset='utf8',
                                                    )
        self.cursor = self.conn.cursor()
        if not self.cursor:
            raise Warning("conn_error!")

    # 测试连接
    def test_conn(self):
        if self.cursor:
            print("conn success!")
        else:
            print('conn error!')

    # 单条语句的并提交
    def execute(self, sql_code):
        self.cursor.execute(sql_code)
        self.conn.commit()

    # 单条语句的不提交
    def execute_no_conmmit(self, sql_code):
        self.cursor.execute(sql_code)

    # 构造多条语句，使用%s参数化，对于每个list都进行替代构造
    def excute_many(self, sql_base, param_list):
        self.cursor.executemany(sql_base, param_list)

    # 批量执行（待完善）
    def batch_execute(self, sql_code):
        pass

    def get_headers(self, table_name):
        sql_code = "select COLUMN_NAME from information_schema.COLUMNS \
            where table_name = '%s' and table_schema = '%s';" % (
            table_name, self.database)
        self.execute(sql_code)
        return self.cursor.fetchall()

    # 获取数据
    def get_data(self, sql_code, count=0):
        print(sql_code)
        # sql_code = 'select employee.pin,employee.emp_name,iclock.sn,area.area_name from transaction, employee, iclock, area where transaction.employee_id=employee.id and transaction.iclock_id=iclock.id and iclock.area_id=area.id;'
        self.cursor.execute(sql_code)
        if int(count):
            return self.cursor.fetchmany(count)
        else:
            return self.cursor.fetchall()

    def get_headers_datas(self, sql_code, count=0):
        self.cursor.execute(sql_code)
        headers = []
        for each in self.cursor.description:
            headers.append(each[0])
        if int(count):
            return headers, self.cursor.fetchmany(count)
        else:
            return headers, self.cursor.fetchall()

    # 更新数据
    def updata_data(self, sql_code):
        self.cursor(sql_code)

    # 插入数据
    def insert_data(self, sql_code):
        self.cursor(sql_code)

    # 滚动游标
    def cursor_scroll(self, count, mode='relative'):
        self.cursor.scroll(count, mode=mode)

    # 提交
    def commit(self):
        self.conn.commit()

    # 回滚
    def rollback(self):
        self.conn.rollback()

    # 关闭连接
    def close_conn(self):
        self.cursor.close()
        self.conn.close()