图像矩

#include<opencv.hpp>
#include<math.h>
#include<iostream>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main()
{
	Mat image,image_gray,thresh_image;
	image = imread("D:/2015project/picture/circle.jpeg");
	if (!image.data)
	{
		cout << "Wrong";
		return -1;
	}
	
	cvtColor(image, image_gray, CV_BGR2GRAY);
	//阈值分割方法1:手动调节阈值
	//threshold(image_gray, thresh_image,210, 255, CV_THRESH_BINARY);
	//阈值分割方法2：使用大津阈值自动分割
	threshold(image_gray, thresh_image, 0, 255, CV_THRESH_OTSU);
	imshow("image_gray", image_gray); 
	imshow("thresh_image", thresh_image);

	vector<vector<Point>> contours;
	vector<Vec4i>hierachy;
	findContours(thresh_image, contours, CV_RETR_TREE, CV_CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point());

	vector<Moments>mom(contours.size());
	vector<Point2f> ccs(contours.size());
	
	
	for (int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++)
	{
	    mom[i] = moments(contours[i]);
		//计算矩的中心
		ccs[i] = Point(static_cast<float>(mom[i].m10 / mom[i].m00), static_cast<float>(mom[i].m01 / mom[i].m00));
	}
	for (int i =0; i < contours.size(); i++)
	{
		drawContours(image, contours, i, Scalar(0, 0, 255), 1, 8, hierachy);
		circle(image, ccs[i], 3, Scalar(255, 0, 0));
	}
	imshow("imagelast", image);
	waitKey(0);
}

霍夫圆检测

 

 经霍夫变换后检测圆的输出矢量，每个矢量包含三个元素的浮点矢量（x,y,radius）

假设圆上点（x，y）已知，半径radius固定，θ在0-360间变换，计算圆心坐标。

根据θ的变换范围，可以计算出虚线代表的圆，虚线代表的圆相交于一点，这一点即为我们所求的圆心。

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>  
#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
#include<opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include <iostream> 

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	//【1】载入原始图和Mat变量定义     
	Mat srcImage = imread("D:/2015project/picture/circle.jpeg");  //工程目录下应该有一张名为1.jpg的素材图  
	Mat midImage, dstImage;//临时变量和目标图的定义  
	//D:/2015project/picture/circle.jpeg
	//D:/2015project/2018.1.4/picture/a.png
  //【2】显示原始图  
	//imshow("【原始图】", srcImage);
	//【3】转为灰度图，进行图像平滑  
	cvtColor(srcImage, midImage, CV_BGR2GRAY);//转化边缘检测后的图为灰度图  
	GaussianBlur(midImage, midImage, Size(9, 9), 2, 2);
	//threshold(midImage, midImage, 0, 255, CV_THRESH_OTSU);
	imshow("midImage", midImage);
	//【4】进行霍夫圆变换  
	vector<Vec3f> circles;
	HoughCircles(midImage, circles, CV_HOUGH_GRADIENT, 1.5, 10, 80, 75, 0, 0);//得到包含三个元素的矢量
	//【5】依次在图中绘制出圆  
	for (size_t i = 0; i < circles.size(); i++)
	{
		Point center(cvRound(circles[i][0]), cvRound(circles[i][1]));//将矢量的三个元素分别赋值
		int radius = cvRound(circles[i][2]);
		cout << i << endl;
		cout << "x=" << cvRound(circles[i][0]) << " y=" << cvRound(circles[i][1]) << endl;
		cout << endl;
		//绘制圆心  
		circle(srcImage, center, 10, Scalar(0, 0, 0), -1, 8, 0);//thickness为负数，表示填充
		//imshow("【效果图原心】"+i, srcImage);

		//绘制圆轮廓  
		circle(srcImage, center, radius, Scalar(155, 50, 255), 3, 8, 0);//thickness为正，表示轮廓线的粗细
		//imshow("【效果图】"+i, srcImage);
	}

	//【6】显示效果图    
	imshow("效果图", srcImage);
	imwrite("D:/2015project/2018.1.4/picture/dst_circle.png", srcImage);
	waitKey(0);

	return 0;
}