标准输入输出流

• 要在命令行输入/输出时采用标准输入输出流。system in,system out;

• 读入写出文件用FileReader\FileWriter

• 转换流：把标准输入\出流转换成一种字符输入\出流

  • InputStreamReader
  • OutputStreamWriter

• 读取指定目录下的文件并输出到命令行

package bull1712.IOstream;
/*
 * 读取指定目录下的文件并输出到命令行
 */
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.Writer;

public class IOstreamDemo1 {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		//需要将字符串转换为字节数组
		method1();
		//由于标准输出流是一个字节输出流(后缀是Stream)，只能输出字节或字节数组，当我们读取的是字符串时，还需要转换成字节数组;
		//所以要想通过标准输出流输出字符串，要把标准输出流转换成一种字符输出流（后缀是Reader/Writer），即OutoutStreamWriter;
		//采用OutputStreamWriter创建输出流对象，省去getBytes()转换步骤
		method2();
		//采用BufferedWriter和OutputStreamWriter结合方式，省的自定义"\r\n"换行符
		method3();
	}

	private static void method3() throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
		//创建输入流对象,BufferedReader是一个包装流。
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("IODemo2.txt"));
		
		//创建输出流对象
		//方式一：可以先创建OutputStreamWriter对象再创建BufferedWriter对象
		//Writer w = new OutputStreamWriter(System.out);
		//BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(w);
		
		//方式二：可以直接采用匿名对象方式
		BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.out));
		
		String line;
		while((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
			bw.write(line);
			bw.newLine();
		}
		
		//释放资源
		br.close();
		bw.close();
	}

	private static void method2() throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
		//创建缓冲输入流对象
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("IODemo2.txt"));
		//创建输出流对象
		Writer w = new OutputStreamWriter(System.out);
		
		String line;
		while((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
			w.write(line);
			w.write("\r\n");
		}
		
		//释放资源
		br.close();
		w.close();
	}

	private static void method1() throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
		//创建缓冲输入流对象
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("IODemo2.txt"));
		//创建输出流对象
		OutputStream os = System.out;
		
		String line;
		while((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
			//getBytes():将字符串转换为字节数组
			os.write(line.getBytes());
			//换行
			os.write("\r\n".getBytes());
		}
		
		//释放资源
		br.close();
		os.close();
	}
}

• 读取键盘录入数据并存储到指定文件下

package bull1712.IOstream;

import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.Reader;

/*
 * 读取键盘录入数据并存储到指定文件下
 * 
 * 转换流：InputStreamReader
 *    	将字节输入流转换为字符输入流		
 */
public class IOStreamDemo2 {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		method1();
		//采用InputStreamReader，将字节输入流转换为字符输入流	
		method2();
	}

	private static void method2() throws IOException {
		//创建输入流对象
		//InputStream is = System.in;
		Reader r = new InputStreamReader(System.in);
		//创建输出流对象
		FileWriter fw = new FileWriter("a.txt");
		
		char[] chs = new char[1024];
		int len;
		while((len = r.read(chs)) != -1) {
			fw.write(chs, 0, len);
			fw.flush();
		}
		//释放资源
		fw.close();
		r.close();
	}

	private static void method1() throws IOException {
		//创建输入流对象
		InputStream is = System.in;
		//创建输出流对象
		FileWriter fw = new FileWriter("a.txt");
		
		byte[] by = new byte[1024];
		int len;
		while((len = is.read(by)) != -1) {
			//new String();将字节数组转换为字符串.注意(by,0,len)的格式
			fw.write(new String(by,0,len));
			fw.flush();
		}
		//释放资源
		fw.close();
		is.close();
	}
}