现象:有时运行Java程序时,会报版本不支持的异常,类似如下:
- java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: org/apache/activemq/ActiveMQConnectionFactory :
- Unsupported major.minor version 51.0
- at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
- at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClassCond(ClassLoader.java:631)
- at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:615)
- at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:141)
- at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:283)
- at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(URLClassLoader.java:58)
- at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:197)
- at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
- at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:190)
- at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:306)
- at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:301)
- at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:247)
以上错误是因为,我使用了ActiveMQ-all-5.13.2.jar包,该jar包采用JDK1.7编译,从jar包的MANIFEST.MF文件中可以看出采用哪一版本编译,而我运行时采用JDK1.6,因此出错:
Manifest-Version: 1.0
Implementation-Vendor: The Apache Software Foundation
Implementation-Title: ActiveMQ :: All JAR bundle
Implementation-Version: 5.9.1
Implementation-Vendor-Id: org.apache.activemq
Built-By: hadrian
Build-Jdk: 1.7.0_51
Specification-Vendor: The Apache Software Foundation
Specification-Title: ActiveMQ :: All JAR bundle
Created-By: Apache Maven 3.0.5
Specification-Version: 5.9.1
Archiver-Version: Plexus Archiver
原因:JDK版本不兼容。运行的Java Class文件采用高版本的JDK编译,然后在低版本的JRE环境中运行,有时会报此错误。
解决:升级JDK,或调整Eclipse中Java Compiler到1.7,或降低jar包版本到1.6编译的版本。