SpringMVC(四)

拦截器

       概述：SpringMVC中的拦截器(Interceptor)类似于Servlet中的过滤器(Filter)，它主要用于拦截用户请求并做响应的处理，例如通过拦截器可以进行权限验证、记录请求信息的日志、判断用户是否登录等。

       实例代码：

       // 定义一个拦截器

public class CustomerInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor{

 

       /*

        *   该方法会在整个请求完成，即视图渲染结束之后执行，可以通过此方法实现一些资源清理、记录日志信息等工作。   

        *

        */

       @Override

       public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest arg0,

                     HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception arg3)

                     throws Exception {

              // TODO Auto-generated method stub

             

       }

 

       /*

        *    该方法会在控制器方法调用之后，且解析视图之前执行。可以通过此方法对请求域中的模型和视图做进一步修改。

        *

        */

       @Override

       public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,

                     Object arg2, ModelAndView arg3) throws Exception {

              // TODO Auto-generated method stub

             

       }

 

       /*

        *    该方法会在控制器方法前执行，其返回值表示是否中断后续操作。当其返回值为true时，表示继续向下执行；当其返回值为false时，会中断后续

        *    所有操作。

        */

       @Override

       public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,

                     Object arg2) throws Exception {

              // TODO Auto-generated method stub

              return false;

       }

      

}

单个拦截器执行流程：      

实例代码：

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       编写web.xml文件：

       <servlet>

      <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

      <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

      <init-param>

             <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

             <param-value>classpath:springmvc-config.xml</param-value>

      </init-param>

      <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

  </servlet>

       <servlet-mapping>

              <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

              <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>

       </servlet-mapping>

      

定义拦截器类：

       // 定义一个拦截器

public class CustomerInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor{

 

       /*

        *   该方法会在整个请求完成，即视图渲染结束之后执行，可以通过此方法实现一些资源清理、记录日志信息等工作。   

        *

        */

       @Override

       public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest arg0,

                     HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception arg3)

                     throws Exception {

              // TODO Auto-generated method stub

              System.out.println("这里是afterCompletion...");

       }

 

       /*

        *    该方法会在控制器方法调用之后，且解析视图之前执行。可以通过此方法对请求域中的模型和视图做进一步修改。

        *

        */

       @Override

       public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,

                     Object arg2, ModelAndView arg3) throws Exception {

              // TODO Auto-generated method stub

              System.out.println("这里是postHandle...");

       }

 

       /*

        *    该方法会在控制器方法前执行，其返回值表示是否中断后续操作。当其返回值为true时，表示继续向下执行；当其返回值为false时，会中断后续

        *    所有操作。

        */

       @Override

       public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,

                     Object arg2) throws Exception {

              // TODO Auto-generated method stub

              System.out.println("这里是preHandle...");

              return true;

       }

      

}

 

       定义一个Controller类：

       @Controller

public class HelloController {

 

       @RequestMapping("/hello")

       public String Hello(){

              System.out.println("Hello!");

              return "success";

       }

 

}

 

       配置springmvc-config.xml文件：

       <!-- 指定需要扫描的包 -->

       <context:component-scan base-package="com.bdqn.cn.controller" />

 

       <!-- 视图解析器 -->

       <bean id="viewResolve"

              class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

 

              <!-- 设置一个前缀 -->

              <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />

              <!-- 设置一个后缀 -->

              <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />

       </bean>

 

       <!-- 配置拦截器 -->

       <mvc:interceptors>

 

              <!-- 使用bean直接定义在<mvc:interceptors>下面的拦截器将拦截所有请求 -->

              <bean class="com.bdqn.cn.interceptor.CustomerInterceptor" />

 

       </mvc:interceptors>

 

多个拦截器的执行流程：

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       Interceptor1代码：

       public class Interceptor1 implements HandlerInterceptor {

 

       @Override

       public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest arg0,

                     HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception arg3)

                     throws Exception {

              // TODO Auto-generated method stub

              System.out.println("Interceptor1.afterCompletion...");

       }

 

       @Override

       public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,

                     Object arg2, ModelAndView arg3) throws Exception {

              // TODO Auto-generated method stub

 

              System.out.println("Interceptor1.postHandle...");

       }

 

       @Override

       public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,

                     Object arg2) throws Exception {

              // TODO Auto-generated method stub

              System.out.println("Interceptor1.preHandle...");

              return true;

       }

 

}

 

       Interceptor2代码：

       public class Interceptor2 implements HandlerInterceptor {

 

       @Override

       public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest arg0,

                     HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception arg3)

                     throws Exception {

              // TODO Auto-generated method stub

              System.out.println("Interceptor2.afterCompletion...");

       }

 

       @Override

       public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,

                     Object arg2, ModelAndView arg3) throws Exception {

              // TODO Auto-generated method stub

              System.out.println("Interceptor2.postHandle...");

 

       }

 

       @Override

       public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,

                     Object arg2) throws Exception {

              // TODO Auto-generated method stub

              System.out.println("Interceptor2.preHandle...");

              return true;

       }

 

}

 

       配置文件代码：

       <mvc:interceptors>

              <!-- 拦截器1 -->

              <mvc:interceptor>

                    

                     <!-- 配置拦截器作用的路径  /**表示拦截所有的请求 -->

                     <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>

                     <bean class="com.bdqn.cn.interceptor.Interceptor1" />

             

              </mvc:interceptor>

              <!-- 拦截器2 -->

              <mvc:interceptor>

                    

                     <!-- 当给了具体的拦截路径那就就只会拦截给定路径 -->

                     <mvc:mapping path="/hello"/>

                     <bean class="com.bdqn.cn.interceptor.Interceptor2" />

                    

              </mvc:interceptor>

      

       </mvc:interceptors>

 

       Controller代码：

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       拦截器案例

      

       案例示意图：

 

             转存失败重新上传取消转存失败重新上传取消

 

       转存失败重新上传取消转存失败重新上传取消

 

       Controller代码：

       @Controller

public class UserContoller {

 

       /*

        * 向用户登录页面跳转

        */

       @RequestMapping(value = "/login")

       public String toLogin() {

              return "login";

       }

 

       /*

        * 用户登录

        */

       @RequestMapping(value = "/login", method = RequestMethod.POST)

       public String login(User user, Model model, HttpSession session) {

              // 获取用户账号和密码

              String username = user.getUsername();

              String password = user.getPassword();

              // 模拟从数据库中获取账号和密码进行判断

              if (username != null && username.equals("Tom") && password != null

                            && password.equals("123.com")) {

                    

                     // 将账号和面存储到Session

                     session.setAttribute("USER_SESSION", user);

                    

                     // 重定向到主页面的跳转方法

                     return "redirect:main";

                    

              }

             

              model.addAttribute("msg", "账号或密码错误");

              return "login";

 

       }

      

       @RequestMapping("/main")

       public String toMain(){

              return "main";

       }

      

      

      

}

 

       拦截器代码：

       public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {

 

       @Override

       public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest arg0,

                     HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception arg3)

                     throws Exception {

              // TODO Auto-generated method stub

 

       }

 

       @Override

       public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,

                     Object arg2, ModelAndView arg3) throws Exception {

              // TODO Auto-generated method stub

 

       }

 

       @Override

       public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,

                     Object obj) throws Exception {

              // TODO Auto-generated method stub

             

              // 获取请求的url

              String url = request.getRequestURI();

             

              // url:除了login.jsp是可以公开访问的，其他的请求都进行拦截

              if(url.indexOf("/login")>=0){

                     return true;

              }

             

              // 获取session

              HttpSession session = request.getSession();

              User user = (User) session.getAttribute("USER_SESSION");

              // 判断session中是否有数据，如果有，则返回true，继续执行

              if(user != null){

                     return true;

              }

             

              // 不符合条件

              request.setAttribute("msg", "您还没有登录，请先登录!");

              request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/login.jsp").forward(request, response);

             

              return false;

       }

 

}

 

       配置文件代码：

       <!-- 指定需要扫描的包 -->

       <context:component-scan base-package="com.bdqn.cn.controller" />

 

       <!-- 视图解析器 -->

       <bean id="viewResolve"

              class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

 

              <!-- 设置一个前缀 -->

              <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />

              <!-- 设置一个后缀 -->

              <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />

       </bean>

 

       <!-- 配置拦截器 -->

       <mvc:interceptors>

 

              <!-- 使用bean直接定义在<mvc:interceptors>下面的拦截器将拦截所有请求 -->

              <bean class="com.bdqn.cn.interceptor.LoginInterceptor" />

 

       </mvc:interceptors>

 

       Login.jsp

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       Main.jsp