Spring的自动装配方式【4.3.16.RELEASE版】

摘自官网：

https://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/4.3.16.RELEASE/spring-framework-reference/htmlsingle/#overview-getting-started-with-spring

Table 7.2. Autowiring modes

Mode	Explanation
no	(Default) No autowiring. Bean references must be defined via a ref element. Changing the default setting is not recommended for larger deployments, because specifying collaborators explicitly gives greater control and clarity. To some extent, it documents the structure of a system. 默认方式，不启用自动装配。必须通过ref方式引入bean。建议保持默认方式，以确保可控性和明确性。
byName	Autowiring by property name. Spring looks for a bean with the same name as the property that needs to be autowired. For example, if a bean definition is set to autowire by name, and it contains a master property (that is, it has a setMaster(..) method), Spring looks for a bean definition named master, and uses it to set the property. 通过属性名称自动装配。如果一个bean含有一个master属性，则Spring会寻找命名为master的bean并将其通过setMaster(...)方法设置属性。
byType	Allows a property to be autowired if exactly one bean of the property type exists in the container. If more than one exists, a fatal exception is thrown, which indicates that you may not use byType autowiring for that bean. If there are no matching beans, nothing happens; the property is not set. 通过属性类型自动装配。如果发现一个以上的相同类型存在，则报致命性异常。没有找到匹配的beans，不设置属性。
constructor	Analogous to byType, but applies to constructor arguments. If there is not exactly one bean of the constructor argument type in the container, a fatal error is raised. 类似于byType，通过构造函数参数引入。如果找不到正确的bean，则会报致命错误。