在Windows系统中,INI文件是很多,最重要的就是“System.ini”、“System32.ini”和“Win.ini”。该文件主要存放用户所做的选择以及系统的各种参数。用户可以通过修改INI文件,来改变应用程序和系统的很多配置。但自从Windows 95的退出,在Windows系统中引入了注册表的概念,INI文件在Windows系统的地位就开始不断下滑,这是因为注册表的独特优点,使应用程序和系统都把许多参数和初始化信息放进了注册表中。但在某些场合,INI文件还拥有其不可替代的地位。由于C#类库中并不包含读取ini文件,用C#读取ini文件,必要用到windows的API函数,所以在声明windows的API函数必须这样声明:
//声明读写INI文件的API函数
[DllImport("kernel32")]private static extern bool WritePrivateProfileString(string section, string key, string val, string filePath);
private static extern int GetPrivateProfileString(string section, string key, string def, byte[] retVal, int size, string filePath);
INI文件结构
INI文件是一种按照特点方式排列的文本文件。每一个INI文件结构都非常类似,由若干段落(section)组成,在每个带括号的标题下面,是若干个以单个单词开头的关键词(keyword)和一个等号,等号右边的就是关键字对应的值(value)。其一般形式如下:
[Section1]- KeyWord1 = Valuel
- KeyWord2 = Value2
- ……
- [Section2]
- KeyWord3 = Value3
- KeyWord4 = Value4
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Text;
- using System.Collections.Specialized;
- using System.IO;
- using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
- using System.Windows.Forms;
- namespace Comm
- {
- /// <summary>
- /// IniFiles的类
- /// </summary>
- public class IniFiles
- {
- public string FileName; //INI文件名
- //string path = System.IO.Path.Combine(Application.StartupPath,"pos.ini");
- //声明读写INI文件的API函数
- [DllImport("kernel32")]
- private static extern bool WritePrivateProfileString(string section, string key, string val, string filePath);
- [DllImport("kernel32")]
- private static extern int GetPrivateProfileString(string section, string key, string def, byte[] retVal, int size, string filePath);
- //类的构造函数,传递INI文件名
- public IniFiles(string AFileName)
- {
- // 判断文件是否存在
- FileInfo fileInfo = new FileInfo(AFileName);
- //Todo:搞清枚举的用法
- if ((!fileInfo.Exists))
- { //|| (FileAttributes.Directory in fileInfo.Attributes))
- //文件不存在,建立文件
- StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(AFileName, false, System.Text.Encoding.Default);
- //try
- //{
- // sw.Write("#表格配置档案");
- // sw.Close();
- // }
- // catch
- // {
- // throw (new ApplicationException("Ini文件不存在"));
- // }
- }
- //必须是完全路径,不能是相对路径
- FileName = fileInfo.FullName;
- }
- //写INI文件
- public void WriteString(string Section, string Ident, string Value)
- {
- if (!WritePrivateProfileString(Section, Ident, Value, FileName))
- {
- throw (new ApplicationException("写Ini文件出错"));
- }
- }
- //读取INI文件指定
- public string ReadString(string Section, string Ident, string Default)
- {
- Byte[] Buffer = new Byte[65535];
- int bufLen = GetPrivateProfileString(Section, Ident, Default, Buffer, Buffer.GetUpperBound(0), FileName);
- //必须设定0(系统默认的代码页)的编码方式,否则无法支持中文
- string s = Encoding.GetEncoding(0).GetString(Buffer);
- s = s.Substring(0, bufLen);
- return s.Trim();
- }
- //读整数
- public int ReadInteger(string Section, string Ident, int Default)
- {
- string intStr = ReadString(Section, Ident, Convert.ToString(Default));
- try
- {
- return Convert.ToInt32(intStr);
- }
- catch (Exception ex)
- {
- Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
- return Default;
- }
- }
- //写整数
- public void WriteInteger(string Section, string Ident, int Value)
- {
- WriteString(Section, Ident, Value.ToString());
- }
- //读布尔
- public bool ReadBool(string Section, string Ident, bool Default)
- {
- try
- {
- return Convert.ToBoolean(ReadString(Section, Ident, Convert.ToString(Default)));
- }
- catch (Exception ex)
- {
- Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
- return Default;
- }
- }
- //写Bool
- public void WriteBool(string Section, string Ident, bool Value)
- {
- WriteString(Section, Ident, Convert.ToString(Value));
- }
- //从Ini文件中,将指定的Section名称中的所有Ident添加到列表中
- public void ReadSection(string Section, StringCollection Idents)
- {
- Byte[] Buffer = new Byte[16384];
- //Idents.Clear();
- int bufLen = GetPrivateProfileString(Section, null, null, Buffer, Buffer.GetUpperBound(0), FileName);
- //对Section进行解析
- GetStringsFromBuffer(Buffer, bufLen, Idents);
- }
- private void GetStringsFromBuffer(Byte[] Buffer, int bufLen, StringCollection Strings)
- {
- Strings.Clear();
- if (bufLen != 0)
- {
- int start = 0;
- for (int i = 0; i < bufLen; i++)
- {
- if ((Buffer[i] == 0) && ((i - start) > 0))
- {
- String s = Encoding.GetEncoding(0).GetString(Buffer, start, i - start);
- Strings.Add(s);
- start = i + 1;
- }
- }
- }
- }
- //从Ini文件中,读取所有的Sections的名称
- public void ReadSections(StringCollection SectionList)
- {
- //Note:必须得用Bytes来实现,StringBuilder只能取到第一个Section
- byte[] Buffer = new byte[65535];
- int bufLen = 0;
- bufLen = GetPrivateProfileString(null, null, null, Buffer,
- Buffer.GetUpperBound(0), FileName);
- GetStringsFromBuffer(Buffer, bufLen, SectionList);
- }
- //读取指定的Section的所有Value到列表中
- public void ReadSectionValues(string Section, NameValueCollection Values)
- {
- StringCollection KeyList = new StringCollection();
- ReadSection(Section, KeyList);
- Values.Clear();
- foreach (string key in KeyList)
- {
- Values.Add(key, ReadString(Section, key, ""));
- }
- }
- /**/
- 读取指定的Section的所有Value到列表中,
- //public void ReadSectionValues(string Section, NameValueCollection Values,char splitString)
- //{ string sectionValue;
- // string[] sectionValueSplit;
- // StringCollection KeyList = new StringCollection();
- // ReadSection(Section, KeyList);
- // Values.Clear();
- // foreach (string key in KeyList)
- // {
- // sectionValue=ReadString(Section, key, "");
- // sectionValueSplit=sectionValue.Split(splitString);
- // Values.Add(key, sectionValueSplit[0].ToString(),sectionValueSplit[1].ToString());
- // }
- //}
- //清除某个Section
- public void EraseSection(string Section)
- {
- if (!WritePrivateProfileString(Section, null, null, FileName))
- {
- throw (new ApplicationException("无法清除Ini文件中的Section"));
- }
- }
- //删除某个Section下的键
- public void DeleteKey(string Section, string Ident)
- {
- WritePrivateProfileString(Section, Ident, null, FileName);
- }
- //Note:对于Win9X,来说需要实现UpdateFile方法将缓冲中的数据写入文件
- //在Win NT, 2000和XP上,都是直接写文件,没有缓冲,所以,无须实现UpdateFile
- //执行完对Ini文件的修改之后,应该调用本方法更新缓冲区。
- public void UpdateFile()
- {
- WritePrivateProfileString(null, null, null, FileName);
- }
- //检查某个Section下的某个键值是否存在
- public bool ValueExists(string Section, string Ident)
- {
- StringCollection Idents = new StringCollection();
- ReadSection(Section, Idents);
- return Idents.IndexOf(Ident) > -1;
- }
- //确保资源的释放
- ~IniFiles()
- {
- UpdateFile();
- }
- }
- }