唯一外键一对一关联是多对一关联的一种特例。在子表中,相同的外键只能出现一次,从而保证一对一
本例的关键在于many-to-one与one-to-one中property-ref这个属性含义的了解
1.实体类
这里以顾客与房间为例(一个顾客只能住一个房间):
Customer类:
public class Customer {
private int customerId;
private String customerName;
private Room room;
public Room getRoom() {
return room;
}
public void setRoom(Room room) {
this.room = room;
}
public int getCustomerId() {
return customerId;
}
public void setCustomerId(int customerId) {
this.customerId = customerId;
}
public String getCustomerName() {
return customerName;
}
public void setCustomerName(String customerName) {
this.customerName = customerName;
}
}
Room:
public class Room {
private int roomId;
private String roomName;
private Customer customer;
public int getRoomId() {
return roomId;
}
public void setRoomId(int roomId) {
this.roomId = roomId;
}
public String getRoomName() {
return roomName;
}
public void setRoomName(String roomName) {
this.roomName = roomName;
}
public Customer getCustomer() {
return customer;
}
public void setCustomer(Customer customer) {
this.customer = customer;
}
}
2.映射文件
customer.hbm.xml
<hibernate-mapping package="org.zengge.hibernate.onetoone.pojo">
<class name="Customer" table="customer">
<id name="customerId" type="integer">
<generator class="native" />
</id>
<property name="customerName" type="string"/>
<many-to-one name="room" class="Room" column="roomId" unique="true"/>
<!--
property-ref: (可选) 指定关联类的一个属性,这个属性将会和本外键相对应。 如果没有指定,会使用对方关联类的主键。
也就是说默认Customer的外键与Room的主键相关联,如果外键要与Room的其它属性相关联就必须指定一个Room类中的属性。
-->
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
对于many-to-one:
name:与外键相关联的属性名
class:相关联的类名
column:many-to-one会在子表中新建一个外键列,用于指定外键名
unique:表示为该列添加唯一性约束
Room.hbm.xml
<hibernate-mapping package="org.zengge.hibernate.onetoone.pojo">
<class name="Room" table="room">
<id name="roomId" type="integer">
<generator class="native"></generator>
</id>
<property name="roomName" type="string" ></property>
<one-to-one name="customer" class="Customer" property-ref="room"></one-to-one>
<!--
这里的property-ref=room指定的是Customer类中与Room关联的属性,而不是表中的,所以不是roomId
property-ref: (可选) 指定关联类的属性名,这个属性将会和本类的主键相对应。如果没有指定,会使用对方关联类的主键。
在Customer类中room对应表中的roomId,那么就是说用Customer中的外键roomId与Room中的主键roomId相关联。如果没指定,
就会将roomId与customerId关联,这样显然是不对的
-->
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
one-to-one:
name表示相关联的属性名
class表示相关联的类名
property-ref(上面己讲),这个是关键,切记它指定的是相关联的类中的属性,而不是表中的列名
3.hibernate.cfg.xml
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<property name="connection.password">root</property>
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate</property>
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<mapping resource="org/zengge/hibernate/onetoone/pojo/Customer.hbm.xml"/>
<mapping resource="org/zengge/hibernate/onetoone/pojo/Room.hbm.xml"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
4.测试
public void testSave(){
Session session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
Transaction tr = session.beginTransaction();
Room room = new Room();
room.setRoomName("moon");
Customer customer = new Customer();
customer.setCustomerName("sky");
session.save(room);
customer.setRoom(room);
session.save(customer);
tr.commit();
}