ACM: 图论题 poj 1236 强连通

Network of Schools

 

Description

A number of schools are connected to a computer network. Agreements have been developed among those schools: each school maintains a list of schools to which it distributes software (the “receiving schools”). Note that if B is in the distribution list of school A, then A does not necessarily appear in the list of school B
You are to write a program that computes the minimal number of schools that must receive a copy of the new software in order for the software to reach all schools in the network according to the agreement (Subtask A). As a further task, we want to ensure that by sending the copy of new software to an arbitrary school, this software will reach all schools in the network. To achieve this goal we may have to extend the lists of receivers by new members. Compute the minimal number of extensions that have to be made so that whatever school we send the new software to, it will reach all other schools (Subtask B). One extension means introducing one new member into the list of receivers of one school.

Input

The first line contains an integer N: the number of schools in the network (2 <= N <= 100). The schools are identified by the first N positive integers. Each of the next N lines describes a list of receivers. The line i+1 contains the identifiers of the receivers of school i. Each list ends with a 0. An empty list contains a 0 alone in the line.

Output

Your program should write two lines to the standard output. The first line should contain one positive integer: the solution of subtask A. The second line should contain the solution of subtask B.

Sample Input

5
2 4 3 0
4 5 0
0
0
1 0

Sample Output

1
2

题意: n个学校要进行软件维护, 软件进行拷贝, 并且每个学校有自己的维护表(拷贝软件给其它学校),

      至少需要复制多少次软件, 使毎个学校都能够得到该软件, 要在所有的学校的清单里面至少一共

      增加几项才能 使得软件给任意一个学校，所有的学校都能收得到.

 

解题思路:

      1. 题意很明确, 强连通图问题. tarjan求出强连通分量, 然后进行每一个连通分量进行缩点处理

         最后求出缩点后入度为0的个数, 和 max(入度为0的个数, 出度为0的个数)即可.

 

代码:

#include <cstdio>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
#define MAX 105

int n;
int g[MAX][MAX];
int dfn[MAX], low[MAX];
int stack[MAX], bcc[MAX], count, top;
bool vis[MAX];
int in[MAX], out[MAX];

inline int min(int a, int b)
{
 return a < b ? a : b;
}

void readGraph()
{
 memset(g, 0, sizeof(g));
 memset(dfn, 0, sizeof(dfn));
 memset(low, 0, sizeof(low));
 memset(stack, 0, sizeof(stack));
 memset(bcc, 0, sizeof(bcc));
 memset(vis, false, sizeof(vis));
 memset(in, 0, sizeof(in));
 memset(out, 0, sizeof(out));
 count = top = 0;
 int v;
 for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
 {
  while(true)
  {
   scanf("%d", &v);
   if(v == 0) break;
   else g[i][v] = 1;
  }
 }
}

void tarjan(int u, int deep)
{
 dfn[u] = low[u] = deep;
 vis[u] = true;
 stack[top++] = u;
 for(int v = 1; v <= n; ++v)
 {
  if( g[u][v] )
  {
   if( !dfn[v] )
   {
    tarjan(v, deep+1);
    low[u] = min(low[u], low[v]);
   }
   else if( vis[v] )
    low[u] = min(low[u], dfn[v]);
  }
 }

 if( dfn[u] == low[u] )
 {
  count++;
  int v;
  do
  {
   v = stack[top-1];
   top--;
   vis[v] = false;
   bcc[v] = count;
  }while(v != u);
 }
}

void solve()
{
 int i, j;
 int t_in = 0, t_out = 0;
 for(i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
 {
  for(j = 1; j <= n; ++j)
  {
   if(g[i][j] && bcc[i] != bcc[j])
   {
    in[ bcc[j] ]++;
    out[ bcc[i] ]++;
   }
  }
 }

 for(i = 1; i <= count; ++i)
 {
  if( in[i] == 0 ) t_in++;
  if( out[i] == 0 ) t_out++;
 }

 if(count == 1)
  printf("1\n0\n");
 else
  printf("%d\n%d\n", t_in, t_in > t_out ? t_in : t_out);
}

int main()
{
// freopen("input.txt", "r", stdin);
 while(scanf("%d", &n) != EOF)
 {
  readGraph();
  for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
   if( !low[i] )
    tarjan(i, 1);
  solve();
 }
 return 0;
}