linux下升级python到2.7.13

安装所有的开发工具包

yum groupinstall -y "Development tools"

安装其他的依赖包

yum install -y zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel gcc readline readline-devel  

如果不安装readline readline-devel的话，升级之后的2.7版本python在命令行按删除，上下左右移动的时候是特殊字符

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下载python2.7.13并安装python

# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.13/Python-2.7.13.tgz
# tar -zxvf Python-2.7.13.tgz
# cd Python-2.7.13
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python2 --enable-shared --enable-unicode=ucs4
# make && make install

检测升级版本是否正常

# /usr/local/python2/bin/python2.7 -v
/usr/local/python2/bin/python2.7: error while loading shared libraries: libpython2.7.so.1.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

此处的error提示找不到库文件
解决编译：/etc/ld.so.conf
添加：/usr/local/python2/lib
执行：/sbin/ldconfig -v

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替换原有系统的python2.6.6版本
路径：/usr/bin/python
备份原系统的python

# mv python python_back

设置软连接到/usr/bin/python

ln -s /usr/local/python2/bin/python /usr/bin/python
# ls python*
python  python2  python2.6  python_back
# python
Python 2.7.13 (default, Jun 17 2017, 16:24:20) 
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-18)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>

升级python后，由于yum调用老版本的python环境,需解决此问题操作如下

# vim /usr/bin/yum
#!/usr/bin/python

#!/usr/bin/python
修改头文件为
#!/usr/bin/python_back  或者#!/usr/bin/python2.6
    备注：#!/usr/bin/python_back为前面备份系统原back文件

设置环境变量

# vim /etc/profile.d/python2.sh
添加以下信息
PYTHON_HOME=/usr/local/python2
export PATH=$PYTHON_HOME/bin:$PATH
# source /etc/profile.d/python2.sh

至次升级完成

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安装python安装工具setuptools
下载地址：
https://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools#downloads

# wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/a9/23/720c7558ba6ad3e0f5ad01e0d6ea2288b486da32f053c73e259f7c392042/setuptools-36.0.1.zip#md5=430eb106788183eefe9f444a300007f0
• 解压并安装
# unzip setuptools-36.0.1.zip
# cd setuptools-36.0.1
# python2.7 setup.py build
# python2.7 setup.py install

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安装python的pip仓库
下载地址：
https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip#downloads

# wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/11/b6/abcb525026a4be042b486df43905d6893fb04f05aac21c32c638e939e447/pip-9.0.1.tar.gz#md5=35f01da33009719497f01a4ba69d63c9
• 解压并安装
# tar -zxvf pip-9.0.1.tar.gz
# cd pip-9.0.1
# python2.7 setup.py build
# python2.7 setup.py install

检测pip的安装情况

# pip list
DEPRECATION: The default format will switch to columns in the future. You can use --format=(legacy|columns) (or define a format=(legacy|columns) in your pip.conf under the [list] section) to disable this warning.
pip (9.0.1)
setuptools (36.0.1)

备注：此处会出现一些提示，可以不用理会。
若不需要此提示，请参考：

    # mkdir -p ~/.pip/
    # vim ~/.pip/pip.conf       //添加如下信息
    [list]
    format=columns