表明转载自http://blog.csdn.net/iispring/article/details/50967445
在自定义Adapter时,我们常常会重写Adapter的getView方法,该方法的签名如下所示:
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">abstract</span> View <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getView</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
此处会传入一个convertView变量,它的值有可能是null,也有可能不是null,如果不为null,我们就可以复用该convertView,对convertView里面的一些控件赋值后可以将convertView作为getView的返回值返回,这么做的目的是减少LayoutInflater.inflate()的调用次数,从而提升了性能(LayoutInflater.inflate()比较消耗性能)。
本文将介绍ListView中的RecycleBin机制,让大家对ListView中的优化机制有个概括的了解,同时也说明convertView的来龙去脉。
首先,我们知道,Adapter是数据源,AdapterView是展示数据源的UI控件,Adapter是给AdapterView使用的,通过调用AdapterView的setAdapter方法就可以让一个AdapterView绑定Adapter对象,从而AdapterView会将Adapter中的数据展示出来。
AdapterView的子类有AbsListView和AbsSpinner等,其中AbsListView的子类又有ListView、GridView等,所以ListView继承自AdapterView。
如果Adapter中有10000条数据,将这个Adapter对象赋给ListView,如果ListView创建10000个子View,那么App肯定崩溃了,因为Android没有能力同时绘制这么多的子View。而且,即便能同时绘制这10000个子View也没什么意义,因为手机的屏幕大小是有限的,有可能ListView的高度只能最多显示10个子View。基于此,Android在设计ListView这个类的时候,引入了RecycleBin机制—–对子View进行回收利用,RecycleBin直译过来就是回收站的意思。
RecycleBin基本原理
下面先简要说一下RecycleBin中的工作原理,后面会结合源码详细说明。
在某一时刻,我们看到ListView中有许多View呈现在UI上,这些View对我们来说是可见的,这些可见的View可以称作OnScreen的View,即在屏幕中能看到的View,也可以叫做ActiveView,因为它们是在UI上可操作的。
当触摸ListView并向上滑动时,ListView上部的一些OnScreen的View位置上移,并移除了ListView的屏幕范围,此时这些OnScreen的View就变得不可见了,不可见的View叫做OffScreen的View,即这些View已经不在屏幕可见范围内了,也可以叫做ScrapView,Scrap表示废弃的意思,ScrapView的意思是这些OffScreen的View不再处于可以交互的Active状态了。ListView会把那些ScrapView(即OffScreen的View)删除,这样就不用绘制这些本来就不可见的View了,同时,ListView会把这些删除的ScrapView放入到RecycleBin中存起来,就像把暂时无用的资源放到回收站一样。
当ListView的底部需要显示新的View的时候,会从RecycleBin中取出一个ScrapView,将其作为convertView参数传递给Adapter的getView方法,从而达到View复用的目的,这样就不必在Adapter的getView方法中执行LayoutInflater.inflate()方法了。
RecycleBin中有两个重要的View数组,分别是mActiveViews和mScrapViews。这两个数组中所存储的View都是用来复用的,只不过mActiveViews中存储的是OnScreen的View,这些View很有可能被直接复用;而mScrapViews中存储的是OffScreen的View,这些View主要是用来间接复用的。
上面对mActiveViews和mScrapViews的说明比较笼统,其实在细节上还牵扯到Adapter的数据源发生变化的情况,具体细节后面会讲解。
源码解析
AdapterView是继承自ViewGroup的,ViewGroup中有addView方法可以向ViewGroup中添加子View,但是AdapterView重写了addView方法,如下所示:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">addView</span>(View child) {
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throw</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> UnsupportedOperationException(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"addView(View) is not supported in AdapterView"</span>);
}
<span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">addView</span>(View child, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> index) {
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throw</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> UnsupportedOperationException(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"addView(View, int) is not supported in AdapterView"</span>);
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>
在AdapterView的addView方法中会抛出异常,也就是说AdapterView禁用了addView方法。
在具体讲解之前,我们还是先花一点时间简要说一下View的每一帧的显示流程,当然,ListView也肯定遵循此流程。一个View要想在界面上呈现出来,需要经过三个阶段:measure->layout->draw。
View是一帧一帧绘制的,每一帧绘制都经历了measure->layout->draw这三个阶段,绘制完一帧之后,如果UI需要更新,比如用户滚动了ListView,那么又会绘制下一帧,再次经历measure->layout->draw方法,如果对此不了解,可以参见另一篇博文《 Android中View的量算、布局及绘图机制》。
我们上面说了,AdapterView把addView方法给禁用了,那么ListView怎么向其中添加child呢?奥秘就在layout中,在布局的时候,ListView会执行layoutChildren方法,该方法是ListView对View进行添加以及回收的关键方法,RecycleBin的很多方法都在layoutChildren方法中被调用。在layoutChildren方法中实现对子View的增删,经过layoutChildren方法之后,ListView中所有的子View都是在屏幕中可见的,也就是说layoutChildren方法为接下来的帧绘制把子View准备完善了,这就保证了在后面的draw方法的执行过程中能够正确绘制ListView。
ListView的layoutChildren方法代码比较多,我们只研究和View增删相关的关键代码,主要分以下三个阶段:
- ListView的children->RecycleBin
- ListView清空children
- RecycleBin->ListView的children
在layout这个方法刚刚开始执行的时候,ListView中的children其实还是上一帧中需要绘制的子View的集合,在layout这个方法执行完成的时候,ListView中的children就变成了当前帧马上要进行绘制的子View的集合。
下面对以上这三个阶段分别说明。
-
ListView的children->RecycleBin
该阶段的关键代码如下所示:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//mFirstPosition是ListView的成员变量,存储着第一个显示的child所对应的adapter的position</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> firstPosition = mFirstPosition;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> RecycleBin recycleBin = mRecycler;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (dataChanged) {
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//如果数据发生了变化,那么就把ListView的所有子View都放入到RecycleBin的mScrapViews数组中</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> i = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; i < childCount; i++) {
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//addScrapView方法会传入一个View,以及这个View所对应的position</span>
recycleBin.addScrapView(getChildAt(i), firstPosition+i);
}
} <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> {
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//如果数据没发生变化,那么把ListView的所有子View都放入到RecycleBin的mActiveViews数组中</span>
recycleBin.fillActiveViews(childCount, firstPosition);
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li></ul>
再次强调一下,在上面的代码刚开始的时候,ListView的中的children还是上一帧需要绘制的子View。
-
如果Adapter调用了notifyDataSetChanged方法,那么AdapterView就会知道Adapter的数据源发生了变化,此时dataChanged变量就为true,这种情况下,ListView会认为children中的View都是不合格的了,这时候会用getChildAt方法遍历children中所有的child,并把这些child通过RecycleBin的addScrapView方法将其放入RecycleBin的mScrapViews数组中。
-
如果adapter的数据没有发生变化,那么会调用RecycleBin的fillActiveViews方法将所有的children都放入到RecycleBin的mActiveViews数组中。
经过上面的操作之后,ListView所有的子View都放入到了RecycleBin中,这就实现了ListView的children->RecycleBin的迁移过程,放到RecycleBin的目的是为了分类缓存ListView中的children,以便在后续过程中对这些View进行复用。
-
ListView清空children
然后调用ViewGroup的detachAllViewsFromParent方法,该方法将所有的子View从ListView中分离,也就是清空了children,该方法源码如下所示:
<code class="hljs axapta has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> detachAllViewsFromParent() {
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">count</span> = mChildrenCount;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">count</span> <= <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>) {
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span>;
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> View[] children = mChildren;
mChildrenCount = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> i = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">count</span> - <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>; i >= <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; i--) {
children[i].mParent = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>;
children[i] = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>;
}
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li></ul>
-
RecycleBin->ListView的children
然后ListView会根据mLayoutMode进行判断,源码如下所示:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span> (mLayoutMode) {
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> LAYOUT_SET_SELECTION:
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (newSel != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) {
sel = fillFromSelection(newSel.getTop(), childrenTop, childrenBottom);
} <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> {
sel = fillFromMiddle(childrenTop, childrenBottom);
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> LAYOUT_SYNC:
sel = fillSpecific(mSyncPosition, mSpecificTop);
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> LAYOUT_FORCE_BOTTOM:
sel = fillUp(mItemCount - <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>, childrenBottom);
adjustViewsUpOrDown();
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> LAYOUT_FORCE_TOP:
mFirstPosition = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>;
sel = fillFromTop(childrenTop);
adjustViewsUpOrDown();
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> LAYOUT_SPECIFIC:
sel = fillSpecific(reconcileSelectedPosition(), mSpecificTop);
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> LAYOUT_MOVE_SELECTION:
sel = moveSelection(oldSel, newSel, delta, childrenTop, childrenBottom);
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">default</span>:
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (childCount == <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>) {
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!mStackFromBottom) {
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> position = lookForSelectablePosition(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>);
setSelectedPositionInt(position);
sel = fillFromTop(childrenTop);
} <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> {
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> position = lookForSelectablePosition(mItemCount - <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>);
setSelectedPositionInt(position);
sel = fillUp(mItemCount - <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>, childrenBottom);
}
} <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> {
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mSelectedPosition >= <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span> && mSelectedPosition < mItemCount) {
sel = fillSpecific(mSelectedPosition,
oldSel == <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span> ? childrenTop : oldSel.getTop());
} <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mFirstPosition < mItemCount) {
sel = fillSpecific(mFirstPosition,
oldFirst == <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span> ? childrenTop : oldFirst.getTop());
} <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> {
sel = fillSpecific(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, childrenTop);
}
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li></ul>
在该switch代码段中,会根据不同情况增删子View,这些方法的代码逻辑大部分最终调用了fillDown、fillUp等方法。
fillDown用子View从指定的position自上而下填充ListView,fillUp则是自下而上填充,我们以fillDown方法为例详细说明。
fillDown方法的源码如下所示:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> View <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">fillDown</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> pos, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> nextTop) {
View selectedView = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>;
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//end表示ListView的高度</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> end = (mBottom - mTop);
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> ((mGroupFlags & CLIP_TO_PADDING_MASK) == CLIP_TO_PADDING_MASK) {
end -= mListPadding.bottom;
}
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//nextTop < end确保了我们只要将新增的子View能够覆盖ListView的界面就可以了</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//pos < mItemCount确保了我们新增的子View在Adapter中都有对应的数据源item</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (nextTop < end && pos < mItemCount) {
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// is this the selected item?</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> selected = pos == mSelectedPosition;
View child = makeAndAddView(pos, nextTop, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>, mListPadding.left, selected);
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//将最新child的bottom值作为下一个child的top值,存储在nextTop中</span>
nextTop = child.getBottom() + mDividerHeight;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (selected) {
selectedView = child;
}
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//position自增</span>
pos++;
}
setVisibleRangeHint(mFirstPosition, mFirstPosition + getChildCount() - <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>);
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> selectedView;
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li></ul>
-
fillDown接收两个参数,pos表示列表中第一个要绘制的item的position,其对应着Adapter中的索引,nextTop表示第一个要绘制的item在ListView中实际的位置, 即该item所对应的子View的顶部到ListView的顶部的像素数。
-
首先将mBottom - mTop的值作为end,end表示ListView的高度。
-
然后在while循环中添加子View,我们先不看while循环的具体条件,先看一下循环体。在循环体中,将pos和nextTop传递给makeAndAddView方法,该方法返回一个View作为child,该方法会创建View,并把该View作为child添加到ListView的children数组中。
-
然后执行nextTop = child.getBottom() + mDividerHeight,child的bottom值表示的是该child的底部到ListView顶部的距离,将该child的bottom作为下一个child的top,也就是说nextTop一直保存着下一个child的top值。
-
最后调用pos++实现position指针下移。现在我们回过头来看一下while循环的条件while (nextTop < end && pos < mItemCount)。
-
nextTop < end确保了我们只要将新增的子View能够覆盖ListView的界面就可以了,比如ListView的高度最多显示10个子View,我们没必要向ListView中加入11个子View。
-
pos < mItemCount确保了我们新增的子View在Adapter中都有对应的数据源item,比如ListView的高度最多显示10个子View,但是我们Adapter中一共才有5条数据,这种情况下只能向ListView中加入5个子View,从而不能填充满ListView的全部高度。
经过了上面的while循环之后,ListView对子View的增删就完成了,即children中存放的就是要在后面绘图过程中即将渲染的子View的集合。
上面while循环的方法体中调用了makeAndAddView方法,通过该方法会获得一个子View,并把该子View添加到ListView的children中。该方法的方法签名如下所示:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> View <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">makeAndAddView</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> position, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> y, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> flow, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> childrenLeft,
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> selected)</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>
其源码如下所示:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> View <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">makeAndAddView</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> position, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> y, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> flow, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> childrenLeft,
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> selected) {
View child;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!mDataChanged) {
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 如果数据源没发生变化,那么尝试用该position从RecycleBin的mActiveViews中获取可复用的View</span>
child = mRecycler.getActiveView(position);
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (child != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) {
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 如果child 不为空,说明我们找到了一个已经存在的child,这样mActiveViews中存储的View就被直接复用了</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 调用setupChild,对child进行定位</span>
setupChild(child, position, y, flow, childrenLeft, selected, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>);
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> child;
}
}
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 如果没能够从mActivieViews中直接复用View,那么就要调用obtainView方法获取View,该方法尝试间接复用RecycleBin中的mScrapViews中的View,如果不能间接复用,则创建新的View</span>
child = obtainView(position, mIsScrap);
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 调用setupChild方法,进行定位和量算</span>
setupChild(child, position, y, flow, childrenLeft, selected, mIsScrap[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>]);
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> child;
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li></ul>
我们重点说一下前两个参数position和y,position表示的是数据源item在Adapter中的索引,y表示要生成的View的top值或bottom值。如果第三个参数flow是true,那么y表示top值,否则表示bottom值。
-
如果数据源没发生变化,那么尝试用该position从RecycleBin的mActiveViews中获取可复用的View。RecycleBin的getActiveView方法接收一个position参数,可以在RecycleBin的mActiveViews数组中查找有没有对应position的View,如果能找到就可以直接复用该View作为child了。举一个例子,假设在某一时刻ListView中显示了10个子View,position依次为从0到9。然后我们手指向上滑动,且向上滑动了一个子View的高度,ListView需要绘制下一帧。这时候ListView在layoutChildren方法中把这10个子View都放入到了RecycleBin的mActiveViews数组中了,然后清空了children数组,然后调用fillDown方法,向ListView中依次添加position1到10的子View,在添加position为1的子View的时候,由于在上一帧中position为1的子View已经被放到mActiveViews数组中了,这次直接可以将其从mActiveViews数组中取出来,这样就是直接复用子View,所以说RecycleBin的mActiveViews数组主要是用于直接复用的。
在直接复用了子View后,我们需要调用setupChild方法,该方法会将child添加到ListView的children数组中,并对child进行定位。
-
如果没能够从mActivieViews中直接复用View,那么就要调用obtainView方法获取View,该方法尝试间接复用RecycleBin中的mScrapViews中的View,如果不能间接复用,则创建新的View。
在通过obtainView获取了View之后,调用setupChild方法,该方法会将child添加到ListView的children数组中,并对child进行定位和量算。
下面我们再来看一下obtainView方法,该方法的方法签名如下所示:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">View obtainView(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> position, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span>[] isScrap)</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
该方法接收position参数,其关键的源码有以下两行:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> View scrapView = mRecycler.getScrapView(position);
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> View child = mAdapter.getView(position, scrapView, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>);</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>
通过调用RecycleBin的getScrapView方法,从mScrapViews数组中获取一个View,该View是用来间接复用的,该View可能为null,也可能不为null,将其作为我们熟悉的convertView传递给Adapter的getView方法,这样我们就可以在AdapterView的getView方法中通过判断convertView是否为空进行间接复用了。
希望本文对大家理解ListView的RecycleBin机制有所帮助!