nodejs+mongoose简单关联+增删改查

最新推荐文章于 2023-01-23 15:59:21 发布

songxiugongwang

最新推荐文章于 2023-01-23 15:59:21 发布

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文章标签： nodejs+mongoose简单关联+增删改查

本篇文章是关于mongoose的简单操作，包括使用objectId来关联和一些增删查改的方法。希望能指出不正确的地方，因为我也是初学者。也希望能对其他初学者有帮助！谢谢！

node.js目录结构：

routes：路由分发

controller：mvc中C层，做逻辑处理

models：mvc中m层，数据表模型

DBsql：模型sql操作

DBhelper：公共sql方法

数据表结构

user：学生表

schoolClass：班级表

user_schoolClass：多对多中间表

逻辑过程：

（1）新建对应表模型及关联

（2）设计增删改查语句

（3）逻辑层使用模型去执行增删查改方法

（1）新建对应表模型及关联

user模型

var mongoose = require('mongoose');
var Schema = mongoose.Schema;

//schema 就是如何定义数据的结构
var userSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
userName:{type:String}
});
//生成方法getModel给予调用，返回user模型
module.exports = {
getModel: function(){
return _getModel();
}
};

//通过db将表user和Schema结构连接在一起，没有表的话会自动产生。
var _getModel = function(type,err){
var userModel = global.db.model('user',userSchema);
return userModel;

};
schoolClass模型
var mongoose = require('mongoose');
var Schema = mongoose.Schema;

var schoolClassSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
schoolClassName:{type:String}

});
module.exports = {
getModel: function(){
return _getModel();
}
};

var _getModel = function(){
var schoolClassModel = global.db.model('schoolClass',schoolClassSchema);
return schoolClassModel;

};
user_schoolClass模型
var mongoose = require('mongoose');
var Schema = mongoose.Schema;

var user_schoolClassSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
userId:{type: Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'user' },//定义类型为objectid ,ref是关联的模型名称
schoolClassId:{type: Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'schoolClass' }<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">//定义类型为objectid ,ref是关联的模型名称</span>

});
module.exports = {
getModel: function(){
return _getModel();
}
};

var _getModel = function(type,err){
var user_schoolClassModel = global.db.model('user_schoolClass',user_schoolClassSchema);
return user_schoolClassModel;

};
（2）设计增删改查语句
dbHelper.js

/**
* 公共Add方法
* @param model 要操作数据库的模型
* @param conditions 增加的条件,如{id:xxx}
* @param callback 回调方法
*/
exports.addData =function(model,conditions,callback) {

model.create(conditions, function(err,result){
if(err) {
console.log(err);
callback({success:0,flag:"save data fail"});
} else {

console.log('save success');
callback({success:1,flag:"save data success"});
}
});

}

/**
* 公共update方法
* @param model 要操作数据库的模型
* @param conditions 增加的条件,如{id:xxx}
* @param update 更新条件{set{id:xxx}}
* @param options
* @param callback
*/
exports.updateData =function(model,conditions,update,options,callback) {

model.update(conditions, update, options, function(error,result){
if(error) {
console.log(error);
callback({success:0,flag:"update data fail"});
} else {
if(result.n!=0){
console.log('update success!');
callback({success:1,flag:"update data success"});
}
else{
console.log('update fail:no this data!');
callback({success:0, flag: 'update fail:no this data!'});
}

}
});
}

/**
* 公共remove方法
* @param model
* @param conditions
* @param callback
*/
exports.removeData =function(model,conditions,callback) {

model.remove(conditions, function(error,result) {
if (error) {
console.log(error);
callback({success: 0, flag: "remove data fail"});
} else {
if(result.result.n!=0){
console.log('remove success!');
callback({success: 1, flag: "remove data success"});
}
else{
console.log('remove fail:no this data!');
callback({success:0, flag: 'remove fail:no this data!'});
}

}
});
}

/**
* 公共find方法非关联查找
* @param model
* @param conditions
* @param fields 查找时限定的条件，如顺序，某些字段不查找等
* @param options
* @param callback
*/
exports.findData =function(model,conditions,fields,options,callback) {

model.find(conditions, fields, options, function(error, result){
if(error) {
console.log(error);
callback({success: 0, flag: "find data fail"});
} else {
if(result.length!=0){
console.log('find success!');
callback({success: 1, flag: "find data success",result:result});
}
else{
console.log('find fail:no this data!');
callback({success: 0, flag: 'find fail:no this data!'});
}

}

});
}

/**
* 公共populate find方法
* 是关联查找
* @param model
* @param conditions
* @param path :The field need to be refilled （需要覆盖的字段）
* @param fields :select fields (name -_id,Separated by a space field,In front of the field name plus "-"said not filled in)
* @param refmodel （关联的字段，有path可为null）
* @param options
* @param callback
*/
exports.findDataPopulation =function(model,conditions,path,fields,refmodel,options,callback) {
model.find(conditions)
.populate(path,fields, refmodel,options)
.exec(function(err, result) {
if(err) {
console.log(err);
callback({success: 0, flag: 'population find data fail'});
} else {
if(result.length!=0){
console.log('population find success!');
callback({success: 1, flag: 'population find data success',result:result});
}
else{
console.log('population find fail:no this data!');
callback({success: 0, flag: 'population find fail:no this data!'});
}

}

});

}

userDao（schoolClassDao跟userDao一样，只是获取model是获取schoolClass的model就不贴出来了）
var user =require('../models/user');

/**
* 调用公共add方法并且传入操作数据库的模型user
* @returns {Function}
*/
exports.addUser = function(conditions,dbHelper,callback) {

//获取user模型
var userModel =user.getModel();
dbHelper.addData(userModel,conditions,function(result) {
callback(result);

});

};
/**
* 调用公共find方法并且传入操作数据库的模型user
* @param conditions
* @param dbHelper
* @param callback
*/
exports.findUser = function(conditions,dbHelper,callback) {

var userModel =user.getModel();
var fields = {};
var options = {};

dbHelper.findData(userModel,conditions,fields,options,function(result){
callback(result);
});

}

/**
* 调用公共remove方法并且传入操作数据库的模型user
* @param conditions
* @param dbHelper
* @param callback
*/
exports.removeUser = function(conditions,dbHelper,callback) {

var userModel =user.getModel();
dbHelper.removeData(userModel,conditions,function(result){
callback(result);
});
}

/**
* 调用公共update方法并且传入操作数据库的模型user
* @param conditions
* @param update
* @param options
* @param dbHelper
* @param callback
*/
exports.updateUser = function(conditions,update,options,dbHelper,callback) {

var userModel =user.getModel();
dbHelper.updateData(userModel,conditions,update,options,function(result){
callback(result);
});
}

user_schoolClassDao
var user_schoolClass =require('../models/user_schoolClass');
var user = require('../models/user');
var schoolClass = require('../models/schoolClass');

/**
* add User_schoolClass
* @param conditions
* @param dbHelper
* @param callback
*/
exports.addUser_schoolClass = function(conditions,dbHelper,callback) {

var user_schoolClassModel =user_schoolClass.getModel();

dbHelper.addData(user_schoolClassModel,conditions,function(result) {
callback(result);

});

}
/**
* find User_SchoolClass 非Ref
* @param conditions
* @param dbHelper
* @param callback
*/
exports.findUser_schoolClass = function(conditions,dbHelper,callback) {

var user_schoolClassModel =user_schoolClass.getModel();
var conditions =conditions;
var fields = {};
var options = {};
dbHelper.findData(user_schoolClassModel,conditions,fields,options,function(result){
callback(result);
});

}

/**
* find User_SchoolClass 是Ref
* @param conditions
* @param path 需要被填充的字段
* @param dbHelper
* @param callback
*/
exports.findUser_schoolClassRef = function(conditions,path,dbHelper,callback) {

var user_schoolClassModel =user_schoolClass.getModel();

var path = path;
var fields = {__v:0};
var options = {sort:{_id:1}};
var refmodel1 = schoolClass.getModel();
var refmodel2 = user.getModel();
dbHelper.findDataPopulation(user_schoolClassModel,conditions,path,fields,{},options,function(result){
callback(result);
});

}

/**
* remove User_shcoolClass
* @param conditions
* @param dbHelper
* @param callback
*/
exports.removeUser_schoolClass = function(conditions,dbHelper,callback) {

var user_schoolClassModel =user_schoolClass.getModel();
dbHelper.removeData(user_schoolClassModel,conditions,function(result){
callback(result);
});

}

/**
* update User_schoolClass
* @param conditions
* @param update
* @param options
* @param dbHelper
* @param callback
*/
exports.updateUser_schoolClass = function(conditions,update,options,dbHelper,callback) {

var user_schoolClassModel =user_schoolClass.getModel();
dbHelper.updateData(user_schoolClassModel,conditions,update,options,function(result){
callback(result);
});

}
findUser_schoolClass ：不会找出user和schoolClass的实际内容

findUser_schoolClassRef ：会找出user和schoolClass的实际内容

（3）逻辑层使用模型去执行增删查改方法

var dbHelper = require('../DBhelper/dbHelper');
var userDao =require('../DBSql/userDao');

/**
* add user
* @returns {Function}
*/
exports.userAddAction = function() {
return function(req, res) {

var user = new Array();
for(var i=0;i<10;i++){
user.push({
_id : new global.mongoose.Types.ObjectId(),
userName : "user"+(i+1)//字段如果不是在model里面定义字段，则不会被录入
});
}

userDao.addUser(user,dbHelper,function(result){
res.json(result);
});
}
}

/**
* get User List
* @returns {Function}
*/
exports.userFindAction = function() {
return function(req, res) {
var conditions ={};
userDao.findUser(conditions,dbHelper,function(result){
res.json(result);
});
}
}

exports.userRemoveAction = function() {
return function(req, res) {
var conditions ={};
userDao.removeUser(conditions,dbHelper,function(result){
res.json(result);
});
//除了要删除user表里的内容，还要删除关联表(user_schoolClass)的内容
}
}

exports.userUpdateAction = function() {
return function (req, res) {

var conditions = {};
var update = {}//{$set : {userName:xxx}};
var options = {}//{upsert:false};

userDao.updateUser(conditions, update, options, dbHelper, function (result) {
res.json(result);
});
//如果要更加关联对象，需要update user_schoolClass表中的userid 和scoolClassId
}
}
schoolClassManagermentController跟userManagementController一样，只有add方法有改变

var schoolClassDao =require('../DBSql/schoolClassDao');
var dbHelper = require('../DBhelper/dbHelper');

/**
* add schoolClass
* @returns {Function}
*/
exports.schoolClassAddAction = function() {
return function(req, res) {

var schoolClass =new Array();
//新建两个班级
for(var i=0;i<2;i++){
schoolClass.push({
_id : new global.mongoose.Types.ObjectId(),
schoolClassName : "class"+(i+1)
});
}

//调用Dao的add方法来使用user模型来增加
schoolClassDao.addSchoolClass(schoolClass,dbHelper,function(result){
res.json(result);
});
}
}
①调用user的add方法，生成10个user。url：http://10.222.225.19:8080/userAddAction
②调用user的find方法查看。url：http://10.222.225.19:8080/userFindAction
{
"success": 1,
"flag": "find data success",
"result": [
{
"_id": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830a",
"userName": "user1",
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830b",
"userName": "user2",
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830c",
"userName": "user3",
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830d",
"userName": "user4",
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830e",
"userName": "user5",
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830f",
"userName": "user6",
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c82c1cf41cfa500168310",
"userName": "user7",
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c82c1cf41cfa500168311",
"userName": "user8",
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c82c1cf41cfa500168312",
"userName": "user9",
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c82c1cf41cfa500168313",
"userName": "user10",
"__v": 0
}
]
}
③调用schoolClass的add方法，生成2个schoolClass。url：http://10.222.225.19:8080/schoolClassAddAction
④调用schoolClass的find方法查看。url：http://10.222.225.19:8080/schoolClassFindAction
{
"success": 1,
"flag": "find data success",
"result": [
{
"_id": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235edd",
"schoolClassName": "class1",
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235ede",
"schoolClassName": "class2",
"__v": 0
}
]
}
user_schoolClassController除了add方法和find方法不一样，其余大致相同。

var schoolClassDao =require('../DBSql/schoolClassDao');
var dbHelper = require('../DBhelper/dbHelper');
var userDao =require('../DBSql/userDao');
var user_schoolClassDao =require('../DBSql/user_schoolClassDao');

/**
* add user_schoolClass
* @returns {Function}
*/
exports.user_schoolClassAddAction = function() {
return function(req, res) {

var userId = new Array();
var schoolClassId = new Array();
//查找存在的所以user
userDao.findUser({},dbHelper,function(result){
if(result.success==1){
var user =result.result;

//把每个user的id取出放进数组userId
for(var i=0;i<user.length;i++){
userId[i]=user[i]._id;
}

//以相同做法将schoolClass的id取出放在schoolClassId中
schoolClassDao.findSchoolClass({},dbHelper,function(result){
if(result.success==1){
var schoolClass =result.result;

for(var i=0;i<schoolClass.length;i++){
schoolClassId[i]=schoolClass[i]._id;
}

res.json(result);
});

}
});

}
}

/**
* 查找方法，不关联查找
* user_schoolClass find
* @returns {Function}
*/
exports.user_schoolClassFindAction = function() {
return function(req, res) {

var conditions ={};
user_schoolClassDao.findUser_schoolClass(conditions,dbHelper,function(result){
res.json(result);

});
}
}

/**
* 关联查找
* user_schoolClass find Ref
* @returns {Function}
*/
exports.user_schoolClassFindRefAction = function() {
return function(req, res) {

var conditions ={};
//用空格隔开要被填充的字段
var path="userId schoolClassId"
user_schoolClassDao.findUser_schoolClassRef(conditions,path,dbHelper,function(result){
res.json(result);

});
}
}
⑤调用user_schoolClass的add方法，生成2个schoolClass。url：http://10.222.225.19:8080/user_schoolClassAddAction
⑥调用user_schoolClass的不关联的find方法查看。http://10.222.225.19:8080/user_schoolClassFindAction
{
"success": 1,
"flag": "find data success",
"result": [
{
"_id": "568c85b19f4a4e210f07b126",
"userId": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830a",
"schoolClassId": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235edd",
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c85b19f4a4e210f07b129",
"userId": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830a",
"schoolClassId": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235edd",
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c85b19f4a4e210f07b12a",
"userId": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830a",
"schoolClassId": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235edd",
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c85b19f4a4e210f07b128",
"userId": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830a",
"schoolClassId": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235edd",
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c85b19f4a4e210f07b127",
"userId": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830a",
"schoolClassId": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235edd",
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c85b19f4a4e210f07b12e",
"userId": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830b",
"schoolClassId": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235ede",
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c85b19f4a4e210f07b12d",
"userId": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830b",
"schoolClassId": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235ede",
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c85b19f4a4e210f07b12c",
"userId": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830b",
"schoolClassId": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235ede",
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c85b19f4a4e210f07b12f",
"userId": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830b",
"schoolClassId": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235ede",
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c85b19f4a4e210f07b12b",
"userId": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830b",
"schoolClassId": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235ede",
"__v": 0
}
]
}
可以看出并没有显示user 和schoolClass相关数据，只显示了id；

⑦调用user_schoolClass的关联的find方法查看。http://10.222.225.19:8080/user_schoolClassFindRefAction
{
"success": 1,
"flag": "population find data success",
"result": [
{
"_id": "568c85b19f4a4e210f07b126",
"userId": {
"_id": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830a",
"userName": "user1"
},
"schoolClassId": {
"_id": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235edd",
"schoolClassName": "class1"
},
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c85b19f4a4e210f07b129",
"userId": {
"_id": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830a",
"userName": "user1"
},
"schoolClassId": {
"_id": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235edd",
"schoolClassName": "class1"
},
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c85b19f4a4e210f07b12a",
"userId": {
"_id": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830a",
"userName": "user1"
},
"schoolClassId": {
"_id": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235edd",
"schoolClassName": "class1"
},
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c85b19f4a4e210f07b128",
"userId": {
"_id": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830a",
"userName": "user1"
},
"schoolClassId": {
"_id": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235edd",
"schoolClassName": "class1"
},
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c85b19f4a4e210f07b127",
"userId": {
"_id": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830a",
"userName": "user1"
},
"schoolClassId": {
"_id": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235edd",
"schoolClassName": "class1"
},
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c85b19f4a4e210f07b12e",
"userId": {
"_id": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830b",
"userName": "user2"
},
"schoolClassId": {
"_id": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235ede",
"schoolClassName": "class2"
},
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c85b19f4a4e210f07b12d",
"userId": {
"_id": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830b",
"userName": "user2"
},
"schoolClassId": {
"_id": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235ede",
"schoolClassName": "class2"
},
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c85b19f4a4e210f07b12c",
"userId": {
"_id": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830b",
"userName": "user2"
},
"schoolClassId": {
"_id": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235ede",
"schoolClassName": "class2"
},
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c85b19f4a4e210f07b12f",
"userId": {
"_id": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830b",
"userName": "user2"
},
"schoolClassId": {
"_id": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235ede",
"schoolClassName": "class2"
},
"__v": 0
},
{
"_id": "568c85b19f4a4e210f07b12b",
"userId": {
"_id": "568c82c1cf41cfa50016830b",
"userName": "user2"
},
"schoolClassId": {
"_id": "568c834c0de1c69ceb235ede",
"schoolClassName": "class2"
},
"__v": 0
}
]
}
PS：ip地址需要自己修改
可以通过"."(点)方法取出数据，取出userName方法result.userId.userName

参考文章：
http://geekblog.zhaoyan.me/mongoose-%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97-schemas-and-models/#.VoxtGvmF6Ul
https://cnodejs.org/topic/5206581b44e76d216aae072e
http://segmentfault.com/a/1190000002727265
http://mongoosejs.com/docs/populate.html
http://ourjs.com/detail/53ad24edb984bb4659000013
资源下载：
http://download.csdn.net/detail/tangjiarao/9392633
---------------------
作者：tangjiarao
来源：CSDN
原文：https://blog.csdn.net/tangjiarao/article/details/50467804
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，转载请附上博文链接！

songxiugongwang

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nodejs+mongoose简单关联+增删改查

本篇文章是关于mongoose的简单操作，包括使用objectId来关联和一些增删查改的方法。希望能指出不正确的地方，因为我也是初学者。也希望能对其他初学者有帮助！谢谢！node.js目录结构：routes：路由分发controller：mvc中C层，做逻辑处理models：mvc中m层，数据表模型DBsql：模型sql操作DBhelper：公共sql方法数据表结构...
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