PMP--三模--解题--101-110

文章目录

14.敏捷–术语表–自组织团队–它是一种跨职能团队,其中为实现团队目标团队成员根据需要轮换着发挥领导作用。

101、 [单选] 在一次每日站会上,有人指出一个障碍导致其中一名团队成员无法继续推进工作,项目经理发现该障碍是由一个技术问题造成的。项目经理该做什么来优先处理该关键的障碍因素?

During a daily stand-up meeting, a roadblock was raised that is preventing one of the team members from proceeding with work. The project manager figures out that it is due to a technical issue. What should the project manager do to prioritize this critical impediment?

A:举行头脑风暴会议,以解决该问题,并将解决方案增加到冲刺中。
Perform a brainstorming session to address the issue and add the solution to the sprint.

B:为该团队成员解决该问题。
Solve the issue for the team member.

C:将该问题上报给软件供应商,以解决该技术问题。
Escalate the issue to the software vendor for technical resolution.

D:指导团队提出自己的解决方案,并将之增加到下一个冲刺中。
Coach the team to come up with their own solution and add it to the next sprint.

D在这里插入图片描述

14.敏捷–项目生命周期的特征–高度不确定性,选择敏捷。

102、 [单选] 客户审查了具有高度不确定性的项目计划。客户对需要多次迭代的工作表示担忧,并且有无法达到强制交付日期的风险。在这种情况下,项目经理应使用哪种方法?

A customer reviewed the plan for a project with high uncertainty. The customer expressed concerned about the work requiring so much iteration with a risk of not reaching the mandatory delivery date. Which approach should the project manager use in this situation?

A:混合方法 Hybrid approach

B:预测方法 Predictive approach

C:看板方法 Kanban approach

D:敏捷方法 Agile approach

A D在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

14.敏捷–敏捷团队的衡量结果–项目发起人通常想知道项目什么时候能够完成。一旦团队建立了稳定的速度(每个迭代的故事或故事点的平均数量)或平均周期时间,团队就能够预测项目将花费多长时间。–不同团队的速度不能相互比较。能比较的是团队的工作质量。缺陷越少质量越高。

103、 [单选] 项目经理正努力弄清楚敏捷环境中两个项目团队的绩效情况,在工作范围相同的情况下,团队甲计算出的故事点为100个,而团队乙计算出的故事点为125个,哪个团队绩效更佳?

A project manager is struggling to figure out the performance of the project teams in an agile environment. For the same scope of work, team A has calculated 100 story points and team B has calculated 125 story points. Which team is performing better?

A:团队甲,因为他们计算出的故事点的数量少于团队乙。
Team A as they have calculated fewer story points than team B.

B:团队乙,因为他们计算出的故事点的数量多于团队甲。
Team B as they have calculated more story points than team A.

C:完成从冲刺待办事项列表中选择的故事最多的团队。
The team that completes the most stories selected from the sprint backlog.

D:可交付成果中缺陷数量最少的团队。
The team with the least amount of defects in their deliverables.

C D在这里插入图片描述

14.敏捷–仆人式领导–在敏捷环境中,项目经理充当仆人式领导,其工作重点转变为引导需要帮助的人,促进团队的合作,保持与干系人的需要一致。–敏捷环境中,项目经理促进合作,帮助团队快速实现目标。

104、 [单选] 一个敏捷项目正处于八个迭代中的第五个迭代,在上一次迭代规划会议后,团队获悉市场上出现了一个新的竞争对手,因此有必要加快工作进度,以确保不会丧失市场份额。项目经理该做什么?

An agile project is running its fifth iteration out of eight. After the last iteration planning, the team was informed that there is a new competitor in the market, and it is necessary to move faster to ensure market share is not missed. What should the project manager do?

A:帮助团队发现尽快推出产品的新方法。
Help the team to find a new approach to launch the product as soon as possible.

B:让发起人为团队加派人手。
Ask the sponsor to add more people to the team.

C:让团队加快速度,以便尽快推出产品。
Ask the team to increase the velocity to launch the product as soon as possible.

D:将竞争对手的功能增至产品待办事项列表,以便改进产品。
Add the competitor’s functionalities to the product backlog to improve the product.

A
在这里插入图片描述

14.敏捷–敏捷项目章程–敏捷项目,需要项目章程确定项目目标与愿景。

敏捷项目章程
• 我们为什么要做这个项目?这是项目愿景。
• 谁会从中受益?如何受益?这可能是项目愿景和/或项目目标的一部分。
• 对此项目而言,达到哪些条件才意味着项目完成?这些是项目的发布标准。
• 我们将怎样合作?这说明预期的工作流。

105、 [单选] 项目经理刚刚开始管理敏捷项目。项目经理意识到,由于缺乏对项目目标和“定义已完成”(DoD)的清晰定义,其同事的多个项目遇到很多困难。发起人不断要求交付更多功能,项目尚未完成。项目经理应采取什么措施来避免发生这些问题?

A project manager just started managing agile projects. The project manager realizes that due to the lack of a clear definition of project objectives and definition of done (DoD), their colleague’s projects have had many difficulties. Sponsors keep asking for more features and the projects have yet to be completed. What should the project manager do to avoid these issues?

A:安排会议,以确保完成项目所需开展的每项任务均包含在项目管理计划中。
Arrange meetings to ensure every necessary task to complete the project is included in the project management plan.

B:说服项目发起人让质量专家参与进来,以便能够对产品进行测试并使其在完成时获得认可。
Convince the project sponsor to incorporate quality experts so the product can be tested and accepted as completed.

C:说服产品负责人与团队接洽,寻求相关选项,以找到问题的解决方案。
Convince the product owner to approach the team and look for options to find a solution to the problem.

D:安排与关键干系人举行会议,制定敏捷项目章程,为项目设定明确的期望。
Schedule meetings with key stakeholders to bud the agile project charter and set clear expectations for the project.

D
在这里插入图片描述

7.成本管理–类比估算–成本类比估算使用以往类似项目的参数值或属性来估算。项目的参数值和属性包括范围、成本、预算、持续时间和规模指标,类比估算以这些项目参数值或属性为基础来估算当前项目的同类参数或指标。–一般题目中出现粗略、需要快速估算、量级字眼,都是选择类比估算。

106、 [单选] 项目经理正在多个国家领导一项产品部署工作,最终部署时间非常紧迫,项目经理必须快速准备估算,项目经理应该使用什么估算技术?

A project manager is leading a product deployment effort in several countries. The final deployment has a tight schedule and the project manager must prepare an estimate quickly. What estimating technique should the project manager use?

A:类比估算 Analogous estimating

B:参数估算 Parametric estimating

C:自下而上估算 Bottom-up estimating

D:三点估算法 Three-point estimating

D A在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

14.敏捷–消除组织障碍–仆人式领导还应该关注其他冗长的过程,这些过程往往造成瓶颈问题,阻碍团队或组织的敏捷性。可能需要处理的过程或部门的例子包括,财务部门、变更控制委员会或审计部门。仆人式领导可以与他人携手合作,质疑和审核他们的过程,为敏捷团队和领导提供支持。–敏捷项目需要审计,应该由项目经理出面,避免对团队成员产生干扰。

107、 [单选] 一个项目经理正在开发一个敏捷项目,该项目属于最近宣布的公司审计的范围。项目经理被任命参加定于下周举行的与审计员的第一次会议。项目经理应该为审计做些什么准备?

A project manager is working on an agile project that is within the scope of a recently announced corporate audit. The project manager was appointed to attend the first meeting with the auditors scheduled for the following week. What should the project manager do to prepare for the audit?

A:如果需要,为下一次迭代保留故事点。
Reserve story points for the next iteration if needed.

B:审查项目信息。
Review the project information.

C:要求开发团队提供合规信息。
Ask the development team to provide compliance information.

D:在审计期间申请豁免
Ask for a waiver during the audit.

A B在这里插入图片描述

4.整合管理–问题解决会议–在指导与管理项目工作时,可以通过会议来讨论和解决项目的相关事项会议类型包括(但不限于):开工会议、技术会议、敏捷或迭代规划会议、每日站会、指导小组会议、问题解决会议、进展跟进会议以及回顾会议。–开问题解决会议来解决问题。

108、 [单选] 项目经理正处于一个高度可见的项目的执行阶段,一个重要的里程碑将在三周后到期。项目经理发现供应商为此里程碑的交付将延迟五周。项目经理应该怎么做?

The project manager is in the execution phase of a highly visible project with a major milestone due in three weeks. The project manager found that the supplier’s delivery for this milestone would be delayed by five weeks. What should a project manager do?

A:不要在状态会议上报告这个问题
Do not report this issue in a status meeting

B:与团队会面集思广益并制定解决此问题的方法
Meet with the team and brainstorm and develop a solution to this problem

C:停止向供应商付款,直到收到可交付成果
Stop paying suppliers until deliverables are received

D:报告错过的里程碑的状态
Report the status of missed milestones

B在这里插入图片描述

14.敏捷–变更–通过不断迭代的待办事项列表来应对敏捷的变更。

109、 [单选] 项目经理在不断变化的商业环境中从事敏捷项目。项目发起人担心利益的实现,并要求项目经理关注可能影响项目的变更。项目经理应该采取什么行动来识别可能影响产品的变更?

A project manager is working on an agile project in a changing business environment. The project sponsor is worried about benefits realization and asks the project manager to pay attention to changes that can affect the project. Which action should the project manager take to identify changes that may affect the product?

A:在团队和产品负责人之间进行面对面的沟通,根据需要变更迭代目标。
Implement face-to-face communication between the team and product owner to change the iteration objectives as needed.

B:一旦发现了使产品变得非常宝贵的外部变更,应尽快停止迭代。
Stop the iteration as soon as possible in case an external change that makes the product invaluable is identified.

C:在每次迭代之后采取行动重新确定待办事项列表的优先级,以评估用户故事对业务是否仍然有价值。
Take action to reprioritize the backlog after iteration to evaluate if user stories are still valuable to the business.

D:应用成对编程技术来立即对变更做出反应,即使是在交互过程中。
Apply a pair programming technique to react to changes immediately, even in the middle of the interaction.

D C
在这里插入图片描述

14.敏捷–看板–看板面板是一种技术含量低但接触广泛的技术,使用者在一开始时可能会认为其过于简单,但很快便会发现其强大的功能。看板面板利用列进入和退出策略以及限制在制品等制约因素,可提供一目了然的工作流、瓶颈、阻碍和整体状态信息。此外,面板可作为面向所有观众的信息发射源,提供团队工作状态的最新信息。

110、 [单选] 你正在管理一个敏捷项目,你的团队由分析师和建模师组成。在项目第一次迭代的中途,你注意到“进行中的工作”中的工作越来越多,而这些项目很少被移动到看板的“已完成”部分。经过详细的检查,你发现分析师的生产量大于建模师的生产量,结果起草的流程比开始的流程要少。你应该先做什么?

You are managing an agile project and your team consists of analysts and modelers. Midway through the first iteration of a project, you notice more and more work in “work in progress” and those items are rarely moved to the “completed” section of the kanban board. After a detailed inspection, you find that the analyst is producing more than the modeler, and as a result drafts fewer processes than the beginning. What should you do first?

A:雇佣更多的建模师
Hire more modelers

B:雇佣更多的分析师
Hire more analysts

C:将部分分析师从团队中移除,以创造一种平衡
Remove some analysts from the team to create a balance

D:请分析师帮助建模师完成流程
Ask the analyst to help the modeler through the process

D在这里插入图片描述

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