MySQL学习笔记5

group by 分组查询

语法：
select 查询列表
from 表
[where 筛选条件]
group by 分组的字段
[order by 排序的字段];

1、和分组函数一同查询的字段必须是group by后出现的字段
2、筛选分为两类：分组前筛选和分组后筛选

	针对的表	位置	连接的关键字
分组前筛选	原始表	group by前	where
分组后筛选	group by后的结果集	group by后	having

3、分组可以按单个字段也可以按多个字段
4、可以搭配着排序使用

1、简单的分组

# 查询每个工种的员工平均工资
SELECT
    AVG(salary),
    job_id
FROM
    employees
GROUP BY
    job_id;

2、分组前的筛选

# 查询邮箱中包含a字符的 每个部门的最高工资

SELECT
    MAX(salary),
    department_id
FROM
    employees
WHERE
    email LIKE '%a%'
GROUP BY
    department_id;

3、分组后的筛选

#查询哪个部门的员工个数>5

#1、查询每个部门的员工个数
SELECT
    COUNT(*),
    department_id
FROM
    employees
GROUP BY
    department_id;

#2、 筛选刚才 1 结果

SELECT
    COUNT(*),
    department_id
FROM
    employees
GROUP BY
    department_id
HAVING
    COUNT(*) > 5;

#每个工种有奖金的员工的最高工资>12000的工种编号和最高工资

SELECT
    job_id,
    MAX(salary)
FROM
    employees
WHERE
    commission_pct IS NOT NULL
GROUP BY
    job_id
HAVING
    MAX(salary) > 8000;

4、添加排序

#每个工种有奖金的员工的最高工资>6000的工种编号和最高工资,按最高工资升序

SELECT
    job_id,
    MAX(salary) max
FROM
    employees
WHERE
    commission_pct IS NOT NULL
GROUP BY
    job_id
HAVING
    max > 6000
ORDER BY
    max;

5、多个字段分组

#查询每个工种每个部门的最低工资,并按最低工资降序

SELECT
    MIN(salary),
    job_id,
    department_id
FROM
    employees
GROUP BY
    department_id, job_id
ORDER BY
    MIN(salary) DESC;