文件上传是项目开发中一个基本的功能实现。
在SpringMvc中,要实现文件的上传,先要认识两个接口:MultipartHttpServletRequest和MultipartFile。
MultipartHttpServletRequest接口方法
interface MultipartHttpServletRequest extends HttpServletRequest {
public MultipartFile getFile(String name);
public Map getFileMap();
public Iterator getFileNames();//获取表单字段的名称,而不是原来的文件名,并存储在迭代器中
}
MultipartFile接口方法:
interface MultipartFile {
public byte[] getBytes();//将文件的内容作为一个字节数组返回。
public String getContentType();//获取文件类型
public java.io.InputStream getInputStream();//获取文件流
public String getName();//返回页面multipart form中文件name属性的对应名
public String getOriginalFilename();//返回上传的文件名
public long getSize();//获取文件长度
public boolean isEmpty();//判断上传文件是否为空
public void transferTo(java.io.File dest);//将上传文件输出到指定路径dest下
}
下面给出一个SpringMVC实现文件上传的实例:
项目结构: 注意:SpringMvc实现上传时需要添加除自身以外的其他依赖包:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <!--filter配置,解决编码问题 --> <filter> <filter-name>characterEncodingfilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>characterEncodingfilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath*:/config/spring-annotation-servlet.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd"> <!-- 开启注解 --> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- 注解扫描包 --> <context:component-scan base-package="cn.upload" /> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <!--支持JSTL --> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"></property> <property name="prefix" value="/jsp/"></property> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> </bean> <!-- Spring MVC 文件上传配置 --> <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"> <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"></property> <!-- 最大上传文件的大小(单位:字节) --> <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000"></property> <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"></property> </bean> </beans>
package cn.upload; import java.io.File; import java.util.Iterator; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile; import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartHttpServletRequest; import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver; @Controller public class UploadAction { @RequestMapping("/upload") public void upload(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { CommonsMultipartResolver multipartResoler = new CommonsMultipartResolver(request.getSession().getServletContext()); if (multipartResoler.isMultipart(request)) { MultipartHttpServletRequest multiRequest = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request; Iterator<String> iter = multiRequest.getFileNames(); while (iter.hasNext()) { MultipartFile file = multiRequest.getFile(iter.next()); if (file != null) { System.out.println("name: "+ file.getName()); System.out.println("file.name: "+ file.getOriginalFilename()); String fileName = "demo_uploade_"+ file.getOriginalFilename(); file.transferTo(new File("d:/" + fileName)); } } } } }
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() + path + "/"; %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>spring mvc文件上传2</title> </head> <body> <form id="uploadForm" action="<%=basePath%>upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" /> 选择文件1:<input type="file" name="file1" /><br /> 选择文件2:<input type="file" name="file2" /><br /> 选择文件3:<input type="file" name="file3" /><br /> <input type="submit" value="上传" /> </form> </body> </html>
运行: