Windows下的内存监视

#include<iostream> #include<cstdio> #include<windows.h> #include<tchar.h> #include<psapi.h> #include<Tlhelp32.h> #include<shlwapi.h> #include<iomanip> #include"conio.h" #include<string.h> #pragma comment(lib, "psapi.lib") #pragma comment(lib, "Shlwapi.lib") #pragma warning(disable: 4996) using namespace std; #define breadth 10 #define wire (1024*1024) 

//WIN API得到当前console 的(x,y) void console_gotoxy(int x, int y) {  // 得到当前console的句柄  HANDLE hc = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);  COORD cursor = { x, y };  //设置新的cursor位置   SetConsoleCursorPosition(hc, cursor); }

//WIN API设置当前console 的(x, y) void console_getxy(int& x, int& y) {   // 得到当前console的句柄  HANDLE hc = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);  // 屏幕缓冲区信息   CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbi;  //得到相应缓冲区信息  GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hc, &csbi);  x = csbi.dwCursorPosition.X;  y = csbi.dwCursorPosition.Y; }

//用来打开一个已存在的进程对象，并返回进程的句柄。 HANDLE GetProcessHandle(int ProcessID) {  return OpenProcess(PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS, FALSE, ProcessID);//进程访问权限 进程句柄是否可被继承 进程PID }

//显示保护标记，该标记表示允许应用程序对内存进行访问的类型 inline bool TestSet(DWORD dwTarget, DWORD dwMask) {  return ((dwTarget &dwMask) == dwMask); } #define SHOWMASK(dwTarget, type) \ if (TestSet(dwTarget, PAGE_##type)) \ {cout<<", "<<# type;} 

void ShowProtection(DWORD dwTarget) {  //定义的页面保护方式  SHOWMASK(dwTarget, READONLY);  SHOWMASK(dwTarget, GUARD);  SHOWMASK(dwTarget, NOCACHE);  SHOWMASK(dwTarget, READWRITE);  SHOWMASK(dwTarget, WRITECOPY);  SHOWMASK(dwTarget, EXECUTE);  SHOWMASK(dwTarget, EXECUTE_READ);  SHOWMASK(dwTarget, EXECUTE_READWRITE);  SHOWMASK(dwTarget, EXECUTE_WRITECOPY);  SHOWMASK(dwTarget, NOACCESS); }

//遍历整个虚拟内存，并显示各内存区属性的工作程序 （P292） void WalkVM(HANDLE hProcess) {  SYSTEM_INFO si;                     //系统信息结构   ZeroMemory(&si, sizeof(si));  //初始化  GetSystemInfo(&si);                 //获得系统信息

 MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION mbi;       //进程虚拟内存空间的基本信息结构   ZeroMemory(&mbi, sizeof(mbi));      //分配缓冲区，用于保存信息      //循环整个应用程序地址空间  LPCVOID pBlock = (LPVOID)si.lpMinimumApplicationAddress;    while (pBlock < si.lpMaximumApplicationAddress)  {   //获得下一个虚拟内存块的信息   if (VirtualQueryEx(hProcess,           //相关的进程       pBlock,                            //开始位置       &mbi,                              //缓冲区    sizeof(mbi)) == sizeof(mbi))       //长度的确认，如果失败则返回0     {    //块的结尾指针     //计算块的结尾及其长度    LPCVOID pEnd = (PBYTE)pBlock + mbi.RegionSize;    TCHAR szSize[MAX_PATH];    StrFormatByteSize(mbi.RegionSize, szSize, MAX_PATH);

   //显示块地址和长度    cout.fill('0');    cout << hex << setw(8) << (DWORD)pBlock << "--" << hex << setw(8) << (DWORD)pEnd << "(" << szSize << ")";

   //显示块的状态    switch (mbi.State)    {    case MEM_COMMIT:     printf(" Committed"); break; //已分配    case MEM_FREE:     printf(" Free"); break;      //自由    case MEM_RESERVE:     printf(" Reserved"); break;  //保留    }

   //显示保护    if (mbi.Protect == 0 && mbi.State != MEM_FREE)    {     mbi.Protect = PAGE_READONLY;    }    ShowProtection(mbi.Protect);

   //显示类型    switch (mbi.Type)    {    case MEM_IMAGE:     printf(", Image "); break;  //可执行映像     case MEM_MAPPED:     printf(", Mapped"); break; //内存映射文件    case MEM_PRIVATE:     printf(", Private"); break; //私有内存区    }

   //检测可执行的映像    TCHAR szFilename[MAX_PATH];    if (GetModuleFileName(     (HMODULE)pBlock,         //实际虚拟内存的模块句柄     szFilename,              //完全指定的文件名称     MAX_PATH) > 0)            //实际使用的缓冲区长度    {     //除去路径并显示     PathStripPath(szFilename);     printf(",Module:");     int i = 0;     while (szFilename[i] != '\0')      printf("%c", szFilename[i++]);

   }    printf("\n");    //移动块指针以获得下一个块    pBlock = pEnd;

  }  } }

//实时显示进程相关信息 void ShowProcessAddress() {  int lineX = 0, lineY = 0;  int flag = 0;  SYSTEM_INFO sys_info;  //系统信息结构   ZeroMemory(&sys_info, sizeof(sys_info));// 初始化   while (!kbhit())  {   //使用win api控制缓冲区刷新输出     if (flag == 0)   {    console_getxy(lineX, lineY);    flag++;   }   else   {    console_gotoxy(lineX, lineY);   }   //获得系统信息   //SYSTEM_INFO结构包含有关当前计算机系统的信息。包括处理器类型，页面大小，内存地址，和OEM标识符。   GetSystemInfo(&sys_info);   printf("虚拟内存分页大小: %d KB\n", sys_info.dwPageSize / 1024);   printf("处理器总数: %d\n", sys_info.dwNumberOfProcessors);   printf("处理器架构: %d\n", sys_info.dwProcessorType);   printf("虚拟内存粒度: %d KB\n", sys_info.dwAllocationGranularity / 1024);   printf("体系结构相关的处理器等级: %d\n", sys_info.wProcessorLevel);   printf("体系结构相关的处理器修订: %x\n", sys_info.wProcessorRevision);   printf("应用最小地址: 0x%0.8x\n", sys_info.lpMinimumApplicationAddress);   printf("应用最大地址: 0x%0.8x\n", sys_info.lpMaximumApplicationAddress);   printf("应用可用虚拟内存大小: %0.2f GB\n", ((DWORD)sys_info.lpMaximumApplicationAddress - (DWORD)sys_info.lpMinimumApplicationAddress) / (1024.0*1024.0*1024.0));   Sleep(1000);  }

}

//实时显示系统内存相关信息 void ShowMemory() {  int lineX = 0, lineY = 0;  int flag = 0;  MEMORYSTATUS total;  total.dwLength = sizeof(total);  PERFORMANCE_INFORMATION perfor_info;  perfor_info.cb = sizeof(perfor_info);  while (!kbhit())  {   //使用win api控制缓冲区刷新输出     if (flag == 0)   {    console_getxy(lineX, lineY);    flag++;   }   else   {    console_gotoxy(lineX, lineY);   }   //得到当前物理内存和虚拟内存   //内存信息   GlobalMemoryStatus(&total);      //指向保存性能数据的PERFORMANCE_INFORMATION结构的指针。PERFORMANCE_INFORMATION结构的大小，字节为单位。   GetPerformanceInfo(&perfor_info, sizeof(perfor_info));   cout << "加载的内存: " << total.dwMemoryLoad << "%\n";   cout << "总的物理内存: " << total.dwTotalPhys / wire << "MB\n";   cout << "可用物理内存: " << total.dwAvailPhys / wire << "MB\n";   cout << "总的虚拟内存: " << (total.dwTotalVirtual / wire) << "MB\n";   cout << "可用虚拟内存: " << (total.dwAvailVirtual / wire) << "MB\n";   cout << "总的页的大小: " << total.dwTotalPageFile / wire << "MB\n";   cout << "可用页大小: " << total.dwAvailPageFile / wire << "MB\n";   cout << "分页大小: " << perfor_info.PageSize / 1024 << "KB" << endl;   cout << "系统提交的页面总数: " << perfor_info.CommitTotal << " Pages" << endl;   cout << "系统物理内存占用: " << (perfor_info.PhysicalTotal - perfor_info.PhysicalAvailable)*(perfor_info.PageSize / 1024)*1.0 / wire << "GB" << endl;

  cout << "系统物理内存可用: " << perfor_info.PhysicalAvailable*(perfor_info.PageSize / 1024)*1.0 / wire << "GB" << endl;

  cout << "系统物理内存总数: " << perfor_info.PhysicalTotal*(perfor_info.PageSize / 1024)*1.0 / wire << "GB" << endl;   cout << "系统缓存总量： " << perfor_info.PhysicalAvailable << " Pages" << endl;   Sleep(1000);  } }

//如果pid 为-1，获取所有进程 //查询所有进程控制信息 void ShowAllProcess(int pid) {  PROCESSENTRY32 pe32;  //存储进程信息  pe32.dwSize = sizeof(pe32); //在使用这个结构前，先设置它的大小   PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS ppsmemCounter;//struct,存储进程内存的使用信息，便于用函数GetProcessMemoryInfo获取进程的相关信息   ppsmemCounter.cb = sizeof(ppsmemCounter); //初始化大小  HANDLE hProcessSnap;

 hProcessSnap = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0); //快照句柄   HANDLE hProcess;//进程句柄  if (hProcessSnap == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)  {   printf("创建进程快照失败.\n");   exit(0);  }  //遍历进程快照，轮流显示每个进程的信息

 BOOL bMore = Process32First(hProcessSnap, &pe32);  //获取系统快照第一个进程的信息，结果返回到pe32结构里   printf("进程的工作集信息:\n");  while (bMore)  {   if (pid != -1)   {    if (pid == pe32.th32ProcessID)    {     wcout << "进程名称:" << pe32.szExeFile << endl;//进程信息（存储于pe32中）           cout << "进程ID:" << pe32.th32ProcessID << endl;     cout << "线程数:" << pe32.cntThreads << endl;     hProcess = GetProcessHandle(pe32.th32ProcessID);     GetProcessMemoryInfo(hProcess, &ppsmemCounter,      sizeof(ppsmemCounter));//进程内存使用信息（存储于ppsmemCounter中）         cout << "已提交:" << ppsmemCounter.PagefileUsage / 1024 << " KB" << endl;     cout << "工作集:" << ppsmemCounter.WorkingSetSize / 1024 << " KB" << endl;     cout << "工作集峰值:" << ppsmemCounter.PeakWorkingSetSize / 1024 << " KB" << endl;    }

   bMore = Process32Next(hProcessSnap, &pe32);//获取系统快照下一个进程信息     }   else//pid=0时，显示单个信息   {

   wcout << "进程名称:" << pe32.szExeFile << endl;//进程信息    cout << "进程ID:" << pe32.th32ProcessID << endl;    cout << "线程数:" << pe32.cntThreads << endl;    hProcess = GetProcessHandle(pe32.th32ProcessID);

   GetProcessMemoryInfo(hProcess, &ppsmemCounter,     sizeof(ppsmemCounter));//进程内存使用信息（存储于ppsmemCounter中）       cout << "已提交:" << ppsmemCounter.PagefileUsage / 1024 << " KB" << endl;    cout << "工作集:" << ppsmemCounter.WorkingSetSize / 1024 << " KB" << endl;    cout << "工作集峰值:" << ppsmemCounter.PeakWorkingSetSize / 1024 << " KB" << endl;    bMore = Process32Next(hProcessSnap, &pe32);//获取系统快照下一个进程信息     }  }

 CloseHandle(hProcessSnap); //关闭快照 }

//查询单个进程控制信息 void QuerySingleProcess() {  int lineX = 0, lineY = 0;  int flag = 0;  HANDLE hProcessSnap =   CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0); //快照句柄   HANDLE hProcess;//进程句柄  if (hProcessSnap == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)  {   printf("CreateToolhelp32Snapshot 调用失败.\n");   exit(0);  }  cout << "输入进程ID，查询进程的内存分布空间：" << endl;  int PID = 0;  cin >> PID;  hProcess = GetProcessHandle(PID);  ShowAllProcess(PID);  WalkVM(hProcess);  Sleep(1000);

 CloseHandle(hProcess);//关闭进程 } int main() {  cout << "Memory Monitor" << endl;  while (1)  {   int mode = 0;   cout << "1.实时显示进程相关信息" << endl;   cout << "2.实时显示系统内存相关信息" << endl;   cout << "3.查询所有进程控制信息" << endl;   cout << "4.查询单个进程控制信息" << endl;   cin >> mode;   switch (mode)   {   case 1:    ShowProcessAddress(); break;   case 2:    ShowMemory(); break;   case 3:    ShowAllProcess(-1); break;   case 4:    QuerySingleProcess(); break;

  default:cout << "输入格式不正确，请重新输出数字" << endl;   }  }  return 0;

}