1.ssh
例如:ssh root@172.25.0.11
[kiosk@foundation150 Desktop]$ ssh root@172.25.254.140
The authenticity of host '172.25.254.140 (172.25.254.140)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is eb:24:0e:07:96:26:b1:04:c2:37:0c:78:2d:bc:b0:08.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes ##首次连接陌生主机需要建立认证关系,输入yes
Warning: Permanently added '172.25.254.140' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@172.25.254.140's password: ##输入对方帐号的密码
Last login: Mon Apr 10 09:39:59 2017
[root@localhost ~]# ##登陆成功
ssh 远程主机用户@远程主机ip -X ##调用远程主机图形工具
3.sshkey加密
1.生成公钥私钥
[root@localhost ~]# ssh-keygen ##生成公钥私钥工具
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):[enter] ##加密字符保存文件(建议用默认)
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): [enter] ##密钥密码,必须>4个字符
Enter same passphrase again: [enter] ##确认密码
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
ab:3c:73:2e:c8:0b:75:c8:39:3a:46:a2:22:34:84:81 root@server0.example.com
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|o |
|E. |
|.. |
|. . o |
|.o. * . S |
|oo.o o . |
|+ =. . . |
|o. oo.+.. |
| ..o*. |
+-----------------+
[root@localhost ~]# ls /root/.ssh/
id_rsa id_rsa.pub
*id_rsa ##私钥,就是钥匙
2.添加key认证方式
[root@server ~]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.25.0.11
*ssh-copy-id ##添加key认证方式的工具
*-i ##指定加密key文件
*/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ##加密key
*root ##加密用户为root
*172.25.0.11 ##被加密主机ip
3.分发钥匙给client主机
[root@server ~]# scp /root/.ssh/id_rsa root@172.25.0.10:/root/.ssh/
4.测试
[root@desktop ~]# ssh root@172.25.254.240 ##通过id_rsa直接连接不需要输入用户密码
Last login: Mon Apr 10 22:40:52 2017 from 172.25.254.140
4.提升openssh的安全级别
openssh-server配置文件fangz/etc/ssh/sshd_config
78 PasswordAuthentication yes|no ##是否开启用户密码认证,yes为支持no为关闭
48 PermitRootLogin yes|no ##是否允许超级用户登陆
49 AllowUsers student westos ##用户白名单,只有在名单中出现的用户可以使用sshd建立shell
50 DenyUsers westos ##用户黑名单
ssh是linux系统中重要的远程连接的软件,可在远程主机上开启一个安全shell,ssh服务为sshd
1)首先查看自己主机有无安装ssh软件,可用命令:rpm -qa |grep ssh
2)若没有,可用下载命令:yum install ssh
2.客户端连接方式
ssh 远程主机用户@远程主机ip例如:ssh root@172.25.0.11
[kiosk@foundation150 Desktop]$ ssh root@172.25.254.140
The authenticity of host '172.25.254.140 (172.25.254.140)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is eb:24:0e:07:96:26:b1:04:c2:37:0c:78:2d:bc:b0:08.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes ##首次连接陌生主机需要建立认证关系,输入yes
Warning: Permanently added '172.25.254.140' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@172.25.254.140's password: ##输入对方帐号的密码
Last login: Mon Apr 10 09:39:59 2017
[root@localhost ~]# ##登陆成功
ssh 远程主机用户@远程主机ip -X ##调用远程主机图形工具
ssh 远程主机用户@远程主机ip command ##直接在远程主机运行某条命令
*若装了ssh软件但连接不上,有可能是服务未开启,开启sshd服务命令为:service sshd start
或使用重启命令:service sshd restart
*sshd默认端口为22,在连接前需要将22号端口在防火墙上开放或将防火墙关闭,关闭防火墙命令为:
systemctl stop firewalld或systemctl disable firewalld
3.sshkey加密
1.生成公钥私钥
[root@localhost ~]# ssh-keygen ##生成公钥私钥工具
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):[enter] ##加密字符保存文件(建议用默认)
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): [enter] ##密钥密码,必须>4个字符
Enter same passphrase again: [enter] ##确认密码
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
ab:3c:73:2e:c8:0b:75:c8:39:3a:46:a2:22:34:84:81 root@server0.example.com
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|o |
|E. |
|.. |
|. . o |
|.o. * . S |
|oo.o o . |
|+ =. . . |
|o. oo.+.. |
| ..o*. |
+-----------------+
[root@localhost ~]# ls /root/.ssh/
id_rsa id_rsa.pub
*id_rsa ##私钥,就是钥匙
*id_rsa.pub ##公钥,就是锁
2.添加key认证方式
[root@server ~]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.25.0.11
*ssh-copy-id ##添加key认证方式的工具
*-i ##指定加密key文件
*/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ##加密key
*root ##加密用户为root
*172.25.0.11 ##被加密主机ip
3.分发钥匙给client主机
[root@server ~]# scp /root/.ssh/id_rsa root@172.25.0.10:/root/.ssh/
4.测试
[root@desktop ~]# ssh root@172.25.254.240 ##通过id_rsa直接连接不需要输入用户密码
Last login: Mon Apr 10 22:40:52 2017 from 172.25.254.140
[root@server ~]#
4.提升openssh的安全级别
openssh-server配置文件fangz/etc/ssh/sshd_config
78 PasswordAuthentication yes|no ##是否开启用户密码认证,yes为支持no为关闭
48 PermitRootLogin yes|no ##是否允许超级用户登陆
49 AllowUsers student westos ##用户白名单,只有在名单中出现的用户可以使用sshd建立shell
50 DenyUsers westos ##用户黑名单