初次配置Struts2环境碰到的一系列问题汇总

开发环境
Eclipse:
Eclipse Java EE IDE for Web Developers.
Version: Helios Service Release 1
Build id: 20100917-0705
Tomcat：
apache-tomcat-6.0.16
Struts：
struts-2.2.1.1

2011-1-6 0:04:30 org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.SetPropertiesRule begin
警告: [SetPropertiesRule]{Server/Service/Engine/Host/Context} Setting property 'source' to 'org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:Struts2Demo' did not find a matching property.
2011-1-6 0:04:30 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
信息: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_02\bin;.;C:\WINDOWS\Sun\Java\bin;C:\WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.6.0_02/bin/../jre/bin/client;C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.6.0_02/bin/../jre/bin;C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.6.0_02/bin/../jre/lib/i386;C:\Program Files\PC Connectivity Solution\;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_02\bin;C:\Program Files\Java\jre1.6.0_02;C:\WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem;C:\Program Files\ATI Technologies\ATI.ACE\Core-Static;C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\100\Tools\Binn\;C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\100\DTS\Binn\;C:\Program Files\EmEditor;C:\Program Files\TortoiseSVN\bin
2011-1-6 0:04:30 org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol init
信息: Initializing Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080
2011-1-6 0:04:30 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
信息: Initialization processed in 759 ms
2011-1-6 0:04:30 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService start
信息: Starting service Catalina
2011-1-6 0:04:30 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine start
信息: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/6.0.16
2011-1-6 0:04:30 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext filterStart
严重: Exception starting filter struts2
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher
	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1360)
	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1206)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:249)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.setFilterDef(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:397)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:108)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:3709)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4356)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:719)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:516)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:578)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:288)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:413)
2011-1-6 0:04:30 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start
严重: Error filterStart
2011-1-6 0:04:30 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start
严重: Context [/Struts2Demo] startup failed due to previous errors
2011-1-6 0:04:30 org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol start
信息: Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080
2011-1-6 0:04:30 org.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket init
信息: JK: ajp13 listening on /0.0.0.0:8009
2011-1-6 0:04:30 org.apache.jk.server.JkMain start
信息: Jk running ID=0 time=0/31  config=null
2011-1-6 0:04:30 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
信息: Server startup in 622 ms

1.初次尝试产生以上这个问题，很明显，就是jar包没有导入完整，但是到底缺那些呢？这个可以将strtus自带的war放到tomcat下面去运行，看哪个可以

正常运行，就将那个包下面的jar全部拷贝过来就可以了，哈哈。只多不少，然后再尝试着删就可以了

网上的所谓攻略经常忽略javassist这个jar包，他不存在于lib下，而存在于app下的某个war中。

2.想要判断包名org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher是否拼写正确，可以在.java文件中import一下，

如果拼写正确自然不会报错，否则。。。

3.将struts的包引入工程的同时也要将所有的jar拷贝到WEB-INF/lib目录下，所以最好就是先copy然后将WEB-INF/lib下面的引入工程就好了。

下面两张图很好的说明了引入的jar是否存在WEB-INF/lib下面。

错误的引入，jar没有保存到WEB-INF/lib下面

[img]http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/385579/74bd2b33-02c8-3e88-9c08-8d2d0578b3c9.jpg[/img]


正确的引入

[img]http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/385581/e8472bae-200b-3bf1-9d65-e303469ee1dd.jpg[/img]


4.如果以上问如果以上问题都解决完了，还是提示缺少某些jar包的话可以考虑查看Tomcat的classpath，那些缺少的jar包放到里面去：在Eclipes的servers view 中双击Tomcat->Open launch configuration 进入Edit configuration 界面，然后增加tomcat启动加载的jar包。这样tomcat每次启动都会自动加载这些jar，当然此方法利弊参半，请慎重考虑。
5.

严重: Dispatcher initialization failed
Unable to load configuration. - action - file:/D:/workspace/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/wtpwebapps/StrutsDemo/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:8:69

看到此问题，我首先想到了Google,结果告诉我缺少包，可是我的包已经全了啊，感觉不对，回来继续看日志，往下一下，豁然开朗（见红色部分），原来配置文件拼写错误，唉。

2011-1-8 2:27:58 org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.SetPropertiesRule begin
警告: [SetPropertiesRule]{Server/Service/Engine/Host/Context} Setting property 'source' to 'org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:StrutsDemo' did not find a matching property.
2011-1-8 2:27:58 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
信息: Loaded APR based Apache Tomcat Native library 1.1.20.
2011-1-8 2:27:58 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
信息: APR capabilities: IPv6 [true], sendfile [true], accept filters [false], random [true].
2011-1-8 2:27:58 org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol init
信息: Initializing Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080
2011-1-8 2:27:58 org.apache.coyote.ajp.AjpAprProtocol init
信息: Initializing Coyote AJP/1.3 on ajp-8009
2011-1-8 2:27:58 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
信息: Initialization processed in 933 ms
2011-1-8 2:27:58 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService start
信息: Starting service Catalina
2011-1-8 2:27:58 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine start
信息: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/6.0.16
2011-1-8 2:27:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info
信息: Parsing configuration file [struts-default.xml]
2011-1-8 2:27:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info
信息: Unable to locate configuration files of the name struts-plugin.xml, skipping
2011-1-8 2:27:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info
信息: Parsing configuration file [struts-plugin.xml]
2011-1-8 2:27:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info
信息: Parsing configuration file [struts.xml]
2011-1-8 2:28:00 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger error
严重: Dispatcher initialization failed
Unable to load configuration. - action - file:/D:/workspace/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/wtpwebapps/StrutsDemo/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:8:69
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:69)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:371)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:415)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher.init(FilterDispatcher.java:190)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:275)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.setFilterDef(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:397)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:108)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:3709)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4356)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:719)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:516)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:578)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:288)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:413)
[color=red]Caused by: Action class [com.home.lgsun.Action.TestActon] not found[/color] - action - file:/D:/workspace/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/wtpwebapps/StrutsDemo/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:8:69
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.verifyAction(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:420)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addAction(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:365)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addPackage(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:479)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.loadPackages(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:275)
	at org.apache.struts2.config.StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.loadPackages(StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.java:111)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:204)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:66)
	... 21 more
2011-1-8 2:28:00 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext filterStart
严重: Exception starting filter struts2
Unable to load configuration. - action - file:/D:/workspace/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/wtpwebapps/StrutsDemo/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:8:69
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:428)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher.init(FilterDispatcher.java:190)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:275)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.setFilterDef(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:397)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:108)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:3709)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4356)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:719)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:516)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:578)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:288)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:413)
Caused by: Unable to load configuration. - action - file:/D:/workspace/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/wtpwebapps/StrutsDemo/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:8:69
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:69)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:371)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:415)
	... 19 more
Caused by: Action class [com.home.lgsun.Action.TestActon] not found - action - file:/D:/workspace/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/wtpwebapps/StrutsDemo/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:8:69
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.verifyAction(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:420)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addAction(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:365)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addPackage(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:479)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.loadPackages(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:275)
	at org.apache.struts2.config.StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.loadPackages(StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.java:111)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:204)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:66)
	... 21 more
2011-1-8 2:28:00 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start
严重: Error filterStart
2011-1-8 2:28:00 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start
严重: Context [/StrutsDemo] startup failed due to previous errors
2011-1-8 2:28:00 org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol start
信息: Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080
2011-1-8 2:28:00 org.apache.coyote.ajp.AjpAprProtocol start
信息: Starting Coyote AJP/1.3 on ajp-8009
2011-1-8 2:28:00 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
信息: Server startup in 2195 ms

三个晚上了，算是没白忙活，我的struts2Demo终于跑起来了，哈哈，感谢各位出主意的朋友们，辛苦了。凌晨2：30了，唉，时间过的真快。

就Exception starting filter struts2
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher问题，我发的求助帖，地址如下：
[url]http://www.iteye.com/problems/56930[/url]
[url]http://topic.csdn.net/u/20110107/09/de70e689-8af1-46fa-95b8-921232ff2829.html[/url]
最后，附上工程创建过程截图及源码，以做纪念