如何在android应用的自定义底层C中调用java的代码?这是本次自我复习的计划。
首先,我得创建一个demo,结构如下:
1.创建一个接口类NativeDataProvider,他的作用是调用c方法,然后回调java方法
public class NativeDataProvider {
static final String TAG = "NativeDataProvider";
private Context context;
public NativeDataProvider(Context context){
this.context = context;
}
//调用C中的代码
public native void callCCode();
public native int callCAdd(int i,int j);
public native void callCPrintString();
//在C中调用java中的org.jan.ndk.example.NativeDataProvider无参方法helloFrmJava
public void helloFromJava(){
Log.i(TAG, "hello from java!");
Toast.makeText(context, "hello from java", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
//在C中调用参数为string的方法
public void printString(String str){
Log.i(TAG, "[from java]:"+str);
Toast.makeText(context, "printString->str:"+str, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
//在c中调用int参数的方法
public int add(int i,int j){
int result = i+j;
Log.i(TAG, "result is"+result);
Toast.makeText(context, "add->result="+result, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return result;
}
}
2.创建Android.mk
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
include $(CLEAR_VARS)
LOCAL_MODULE := jni_demo
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := jni_demo.c
#增加log库
LOCAL_LDLIBS += -llog
include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
3.创建jni,也就是c代码,之前先创建NativeDataProvider的头文件,到项目目录/bin/classes下,调用
javah org.jan.ndk.example.NativeDataProvider
就会生成org_jan_ndk_example_NativeDataProvider.h
/* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE - it is machine generated */
#include <jni.h>
/* Header for class org_jan_ndk_example_NativeDataProvider */
#ifndef _Included_org_jan_ndk_example_NativeDataProvider
#define _Included_org_jan_ndk_example_NativeDataProvider
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/*
* Class: org_jan_ndk_example_NativeDataProvider
* Method: callCCode
* Signature: ()V
*/
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_jan_ndk_example_NativeDataProvider_callCCode
(JNIEnv *, jobject);
/*
* Class: org_jan_ndk_example_NativeDataProvider
* Method: callCAdd
* Signature: (II)I
*/
JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_jan_ndk_example_NativeDataProvider_callCAdd
(JNIEnv *, jobject, jint, jint);
/*
* Class: org_jan_ndk_example_NativeDataProvider
* Method: callCPrintString
* Signature: ()V
*/
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_jan_ndk_example_NativeDataProvider_callCPrintString
(JNIEnv *, jobject);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif
其中看到有Signature:()V 这样类似的 就是 方法签名。
例如:
har* classname = "org/jan/ndk/example/NativeDataProvider";
jclass dpclazz = (*env)->FindClass(env, classname);
这是通过jnienv指针获取class对象。
jmethodID methodID = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, dpclazz, "helloFromJava", "()V");
GetMethodID指 从java中获取定义好的method方法,第二个参数是class对象,第三个参数是方法名,第四个是方法签名(可以从头文件中看Signature)
看方法签名的方法: 进入项目\bin\classes 下,命令:javap -s org.jan.ndk.example.NativeDataProvider
"()V"的大概意思就是 括号内没有参数,就是没有入参,V就是void无返回值。
下面是C主要代码(具体请看注释):
#include "org_jan_ndk_example_NativeDataProvider.h"
#include <string.h>
#include <android/log.h>
#define LOG_TAG "System.out"
#define LOGD(...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, __VA_ARGS__)
#define LOGI(...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_INFO, LOG_TAG, __VA_ARGS__)
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_jan_ndk_example_NativeDataProvider_callCCode
(JNIEnv * env, jobject obj)
{
//调用NativeDataProvider对象中的helloFromJava()方法
//获取到某个对象, 获取对象中的方法, 调用获取到的方法
LOGI("in code");
//NativeDataProvider完整类名 org.jan.ndk.example.NativeDataProvider
char* classname = "org/jan/ndk/example/NativeDataProvider";
jclass dpclazz = (*env)->FindClass(env, classname);
if(dpclazz == 0)
LOGI("org.jan.ndk.example.NativeDataProvider.class not find !!!");
else
LOGI("org.jan.ndk.example.NativeDataProvider.class find !!!");
//使用jni.h中提供的GetMethodID方法, 获取jmethodID, 传入参数 ①JNIEnv指针 ②Class对象 ③ 方法名 ④方法签名, 在这里方法名和方法签名确定一个方法, 方法签名就是方法的返回值 与 参数的唯一标示;
//参数介绍 : 第二个参数是Class对象, 第三个参数是方法名,第四个参数是方法的签名, 获取到调用的method
jmethodID methodID = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, dpclazz, "helloFromJava", "()V");
if(methodID == 0)
LOGI("method helloFromJava not find !!!");
else
LOGI("method helloFromJava find !!!");
/*
* 调用方法 void (*CallVoidMethod)(JNIEnv*, jobject, jmethodID, ...);
* 参数介绍 : 后面的 ... 是可变参数, 如果该返回值void的方法有参数, 就将参数按照次序排列
*/
LOGI("before call method");
(*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, obj, methodID);
LOGI("after call method");
}
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_jan_ndk_example_NativeDataProvider_callCPrintString
(JNIEnv *env, jobject obj)
{
//调用DataProvider对象中的helloFromJava()方法
//获取到某个对象, 获取对象中的方法, 调用获取到的方法
LOGI("in code");
//NativeDataProvider完整类名 org.jan.ndk.example.NativeDataProvider
char* classname = "org/jan/ndk/example/NativeDataProvider";
jclass dpclazz = (*env)->FindClass(env, classname);
if(dpclazz == 0)
LOGI("class not find !!!");
else
LOGI("class find !!!");
//参数介绍 : 第二个参数是Class对象, 第三个参数是方法名,第四个参数是方法的签名, 获取到调用的method
jmethodID methodID = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, dpclazz, "printString", "(Ljava/lang/String;)V");
if(methodID == 0)
LOGI("method not find !!!");
else
LOGI("method find !!!");
/*
* 调用方法 void (*CallVoidMethod)(JNIEnv*, jobject, jmethodID, ...);
* 参数介绍 : 后面的 ... 是可变参数, 如果该返回值void的方法有参数, 就将参数按照次序排列
*/
LOGI("before call method");
(*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, obj, methodID, (*env)->NewStringUTF(env, "printString method callback success!!"));
LOGI("after call method");
}
/*
* 实际开发的情况
* C代码工程师给我们 first.h first.c , 我们只需要将first.h引入, 然后就可以使用其中的方法了
*/
JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_jan_ndk_example_NativeDataProvider_callCAdd
(JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jint a, jint b)
{
//调用DataProvider对象中的helloFromJava()方法
//获取到某个对象, 获取对象中的方法, 调用获取到的方法
LOGI("in code test_add=>");
//NativeDataProvider完整类名 org.jan.ndk.example.NativeDataProvider
char* classname = "org/jan/ndk/example/NativeDataProvider";
jclass dpclazz = (*env)->FindClass(env, classname);
if(dpclazz == 0)
LOGI("class not find !!!");
else
LOGI("class find !!!");
//参数介绍 : 第二个参数是Class对象, 第三个参数是方法名,第四个参数是方法的签名, 获取到调用的method
jmethodID methodID = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, dpclazz, "add", "(II)I");
if(methodID == 0)
LOGI("method not find !!!");
else
LOGI("method find !!!");
/*
* 调用方法 void (*CallVoidMethod)(JNIEnv*, jobject, jmethodID, ...);
* 参数介绍 : 后面的 ... 是可变参数, 如果该返回值void的方法有参数, 就将参数按照次序排列
*/
return (*env)->CallIntMethod(env, obj, methodID, a,b);
}
4.编译jni,在demo目录下手动执行ndk-build
5.android的代码:
public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {
private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
private static NativeDataProvider ndp;
static{
System.loadLibrary("jni_demo");
}
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
ndp = new NativeDataProvider(this);
if (savedInstanceState == null) {
getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction()
.add(R.id.container, new PlaceholderFragment()).commit();
}
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
// Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
// automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
// as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
int id = item.getItemId();
if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
return true;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
/**
* A placeholder fragment containing a simple view.
*/
public static class PlaceholderFragment extends Fragment implements OnClickListener {
private Button callVoidMethod, callStringMethod, callIntMethod;
public PlaceholderFragment() {
}
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_main, container,
false);
callVoidMethod = (Button) rootView
.findViewById(R.id.call_void_method_btn);
callStringMethod = (Button) rootView
.findViewById(R.id.call_string_parameter_method);
callIntMethod = (Button) rootView
.findViewById(R.id.call_int_parameter_method);
callVoidMethod.setOnClickListener(this);
callStringMethod.setOnClickListener(this);
callIntMethod.setOnClickListener(this);
return rootView;
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.call_void_method_btn:
ndp.callCCode();
break;
case R.id.call_string_parameter_method:
ndp.callCPrintString();
break;
case R.id.call_int_parameter_method:
ndp.callCAdd(2,3);
break;
}
}
}
}
实现结果如下:
代码示例下载:请打开如意门下载