一直以来都习惯了我们使用MySQL安装文件(.exe),这样一键式的非常方便,也省去好多麻烦,但若下载了zip压缩版的安装包如何安装?具体如下:
下面以mysql-8.0.19-winx64.zip为例进行讲解
1.到官网下载。
2.下载成功后,把mysql-8.0.19-winx64.zip安装包解压到本地,本文解压到如下目录:
3. 解压之后,之前的版本应该有个my-default.ini的文件,但该版本并没有发现配置文件my.ini。需要自己手动创建一个,用于配置字符集、端口等信息。
注意:(这个文件必须要在该目录下,在8.0.19的版本里没有该文件,在8.0.11的版本里有,我这边是新建的my.ini的文件)
怎么创建呢?直接创建一个文本文件,命名为my.ini。打开它,输入如下内容:
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
[mysqld]
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
basedir = D:\DevSoft\mysql-8.0.19-winx64
datadir = D:\DevSoft\mysql-8.0.19-winx64\data
port = 3306
# server_id = .....
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
character-set-server = utf8mb4
performance_schema_max_table_instances = 600
table_definition_cache = 400
table_open_cache = 256
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[client]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
同时,需要新建文件夹data存放MySQL数据。
4.输入cmd,以管理员身份运行控制台,进入MySQL路径(D:\DevSoft\mysql-8.0.19-winx64\bin)下,运行mysqld --initialize --console命令。进行初始化,如下:
但是,在我的电脑上cmd运行此命令时,遇到了这个这个问题:
安装了以下运行库成功解决
微软常用运行库合集_2019.07.20_X64
提取码:0ovs
注意:如果链接被封,就直接360管家或百度搜 微软常用运行库合集2019
接下来,继续运行命令:mysqld --initialize --console
** 注意红色方框下划线部分是密码啊,要记住哦!**
5. 输入cmd,以管理员身份运行控制台,进入MySQL路径(D:\DevSoft\mysql-8.0.19-winx64\bin)下,运行mysqld install命令。安装成功后如下:
6.至此,mysql已成功安装。启动服务,net start mysql 如下:
7.接下来修改下密码啦!毕竟生成的密码过于复杂不好记!
修改密码:mysql -uroot -p; ,输入上面生成的密码!
8.接下来输入sql 语句:ALTER USER ‘root’@‘localhost’ IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY ‘newpassword’;
红色下划线为修改后的新密码。
如果想默认使用“mysql_native_password”插件认证,可以在配置文件中配置default_authentication_plugin项。
[mysqld]
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
大功告成啦!虽然手动搞起来有点复杂,不太好弄,但只要细心,基本都是成功的!