struts1.2 几种Action详解

LookupDispatchAction,EventDispatchAction和MappingDispatchAction使用中的区别

java.lang.Object

    org.apache.struts.action.Action

        org.apache.struts.actions.DispatchAction

            org.apache.struts.actions.LookupDispatchAction(Struts1. 1 )

            org.apache.struts.actions.EventDispatchAction(Struts1. 2.9 )

            org.apache.struts.actions.MappingDispatchAction(Struts1. 2 )

DispatchAction
public abstract class DispatchAction extends Action

这是一个抽象的Action,它会根据request 中的parameter来执行相应的方法。通个这个Action类可以将不同的Action集中到一个Action文件中来。

struts-config.xml：

< action path ="/subscription" type ="org.example.SubscriptionAction" name ="subscriptionForm"   scope ="request" input ="/subscription.jsp" parameter ="method" />

在Action中要有相应的方法：

public class SubscriptionAction extends DispatchAction {
  
    public ActionForward delete(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
                                HttpServletRequest request,
                                HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {}
   
    public ActionForward insert(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
                                HttpServletRequest request,
                                HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {}
   
    public ActionForward update(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
                                HttpServletRequest request,
                                HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {}
   
}

然后可以通过这样的方法来访问你的程序：

http://localhost:8080/myapp/subscription.do?method=delete

http://localhost:8080/myapp/subscription.do?method=insert

http://localhost:8080/myapp/subscription.do?method=update

如果parameter中参数为空，则调用Action中的unspecified方法


LookupDispatchAction
public abstract class LookupDispatchAction extends DispatchAction

通过这个Action抽象类继承DispatchAction，它的相应方法的执行由ActionMapping中parameter属性决定。每个动作实际上就是<html:submit>标签的property属性值。它适合在一个form中有很多按钮，按不同的按钮则执行不同的操作。

struts-config.xml：

< action path ="/subscription" type ="org.example.SubscriptionAction" name ="subscriptionForm" scope ="request"
input ="/subscription.jsp" parameter ="method" />

ApplicationResources.properties：

button.add=Add Record
button.delete=Delete Record

JSP：

<% @ page pageEncoding = " GBK " %>
<% @ taglib uri = " http://struts.apache.org/tags-html " prefix = " html " %>
< html >
  < head >
    < title > 多提交演示 </ title >
  </ head >
  < body >
    < html:form action ="subscription" >
      < html:submit property ="method" >
        < bean:message key ="button.add" />
      </ html:submit >
      < html:submit property ="method" >
        < bean:message key ="button.delete" />
      </ html:submit >
    </ html:form >
  </ body >
</ html >

在Action中必须实现getKeyMethodMap方法：

public class SubscriptionAction extends LookupDispatchAction {

    protected Map getKeyMethodMap() {
        Map map = new HashMap();
        map.put( " button.add " , " add " );
        map.put( " button.delete " , " delete " );
        return map;
    }

    public ActionForward add(ActionMapping mapping,
                             ActionForm form,
                             HttpServletRequest request,
                             HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {}

    public ActionForward delete(ActionMapping mapping,
                                ActionForm form,
                                HttpServletRequest request,
                                HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {}

}

EventDispatchAction
public class EventDispatchAction extends DispatchAction

通过这个Action抽象类继承DispatchAction，它的相应方法的执行由ActionMapping中parameter属性指定多个动作，中间用逗号(,)分隔。每个动作实际上就是<html:submit>标签的property属性值。它适合在一个form中有很多按钮，按不同的按钮则执行不同的操作。

struts-config.xml：

(parameter中的"recalc=recalculate"意思为<html:submit>标签的property属性值为recalc调用recalculate方法，出于安全考虑能够隐藏后台的业务方法名。"defaule=save"这是可选的，没有配置property属性的<html:submit>标签将调用defaule中设置的方法名，如果defaule没有指定任何参数，则调用Action中的unspecified方法)

< action path ="/subscription" type ="org.example.SubscriptionAction" name ="subscriptionForm" scope ="request"
input ="/subscription.jsp" parameter ="save,back,recalc=recalculate,default=save" />

JSP：

<% @ page pageEncoding = " GBK " %>
<% @ taglib uri = " http://struts.apache.org/tags-html " prefix = " html " %>
< html >
  < head >
    < title > 多提交演示 </ title >
  </ head >
  < body >           
    < html:form action ="subscription" >
      < html:submit property ="save" value ="保存" />
      < html:submit property ="back" value ="后退" />
      < html:submit property ="recalc" value ="重新计算" />
    </ html:form >  
  </ body >
</ html >

在Action中要有相应的方法：

public class SubscriptionAction extends LookupDispatchAction {

    public ActionForward save(ActionMapping mapping,
                              ActionForm form,
                              HttpServletRequest request,
                              HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {}

    public ActionForward back(ActionMapping mapping,
                              ActionForm form,
                              HttpServletRequest request,
                              HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {}

    public ActionForward recalculate(ActionMapping mapping,
                                     ActionForm form,
                                     HttpServletRequest request,
                                     HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {}

}

MappingDispatchAction
public class MappingDispatchAction extends DispatchAction

它的相应方法的执行由ActionMapping中parameter名决定,注意这里和LookupDispatchAction不同，LookupDispatchAction的相应方法的执行由ActionMapping中parameter属性决定。

struts-config.xml：

< action path ="/createSubscription" type ="org.example.SubscriptionAction" parameter ="create" >
      < forward name ="success" path ="/createSubscription.jsp" />
</ action >
< action path ="/editSubscription" type ="org.example.SubscriptionAction" parameter ="edit" >
      < forward name ="success" path ="/editSubscription.jsp" />
</ action >
< action path ="/saveSubscription" type ="org.example.SubscriptionAction" parameter ="save"
name ="subscriptionForm" validate ="true" input ="/editSubscription.jsp" scope ="request" >
      < forward name ="success" path ="/savedSubscription.jsp" />
</ action >
< action path ="/deleteSubscription" type ="org.example.SubscriptionAction" name ="subscriptionForm"
scope ="request" input ="/subscription.jsp" parameter ="delete" >
      < forward name ="success" path ="/deletedSubscription.jsp" />
</ action >
< action path ="/listSubscriptions" type ="org.example.SubscriptionAction" parameter ="list" >
      < forward name ="success" path ="/subscriptionList.jsp" />
</ action >

在Action中要有相应的方法：

public class SubscriptionAction extends MappingDispatchAction {

    public ActionForward create(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
                                HttpServletRequest request,
                                HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {}


    public ActionForward edit(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
                              HttpServletRequest request,
                              HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {}


    public ActionForward save(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
                              HttpServletRequest request,
                              HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {}


    public ActionForward delete(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
                                HttpServletRequest request,
                                HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {}


    public ActionForward list(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
                              HttpServletRequest request,
                              HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {}

}

然后可以通过这样的方法来访问你的程序：

http://localhost:8080/myapp/create.do

http://localhost:8080/myapp/edit.do

http://localhost:8080/myapp/save.do

http://localhost:8080/myapp/delete.do

http://localhost:8080/myapp/list.do

如果parameter中参数为空，则调用Action中的unspecified方法