RabbitMQ is the implementation of AMQP. AMOP define networking protocol, arepresentation for message envelope data and the basic semantics of broker services.
ActiveMQ is the implementation of JMS. JMS just defines the API. It support JMS1.1 and J2EE 1.4 spec.
http://www.infoq.com/cn/articles/AMQP-RabbitMQ