Java执行finally语句

【转载自：http://blog.csdn.net/jiasanshou/article/details/6996932】

主要通过几个例子来说明finally语句的执行，至于具体的原因，有待探讨。

开始的（1）（2）（3）例子是为了说明finally语句块不一定被执行。

（1）在try语句块之前有return，没有执行try，也就没有执行finally

package finally_test;

public class test1 
{
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		//System.out.println("hello world!");
		System.out.println("return value of test():"+test());
	}
	//在try语句块之前遇到return返回调用test()的函数，没有执行try
	public static int test()
	{
		int i=1;
		System.out.println("the previous statement of try block");
		//return 0;
		//这里不能直接return 0;否则会报错，因为直接造成后面的语句没有执行
		if(i==1)
		{
			return 0;
		}
		//这里采用if，如果释放内存的操作放在之后，也就不会被执行，造成内存泄露，当然指的是C/C++
		try
		{
			System.out.println("try block");
			return i;
		}
		finally
		{
			System.out.println("finally block");
		}
	}
}

运行结果：

the previous statement of try block
return value of test():0

（2） try之前遇到其他异常，提前退出程序

package finally_test;

public class test2
{
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		//System.out.println("hello world!");
		System.out.println("return value of test():"+test());
	}
	public static int test()
	{
		int i=1;
		System.out.println("the previous statement of try block");
		i=i/0;
		//try之前遇到其他异常，提前退出程序
		try
		{
			System.out.println("try block");
			return i;
		}
		finally
		{
			System.out.println("finally block");
		}
	}
}

运行结果：

the previous statement of try block
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
	at finally_test.test2.test(test2.java:14)
	at finally_test.test2.main(test2.java:8)

（3） 在 try 语句块中执行了 System.exit (0) 语句，终止了 Java 虚拟机的运行，也就不执行finally语句块

package finally_test;

public class test3 
{
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		//System.out.println("hello world!");
		System.out.println("return value of test():"+test());
	}
	public static int test()
	{
		int i=1;
		try
		{
			System.out.println("try block");
			System.exit(0);
			return i;
		}
		finally
		{
			System.out.println("finally block");
		}
	}
}

运行结果：

try block

（4）很正常的例子。

package finally_test;

public class test4 
{
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		try
		{
			System.out.println("try block");
			return;
		}
		finally
		{
			System.out.println("finally block");
		}
	}
}

运行结果：

try block
finally block

（5）注意，在Eclipse里，在int i=1;这一行会警告“the value of the local variable i is not used”

package finally_test;

public class test5 
{
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		System.out.println("return value of test():"+test());
	}
	public static int test()
	{
		int i=1;
		try
		{
			System.out.println("try block");
			i=1/0;
			return 1;
		}
		catch(Exception e)
		{
			System.out.println("exception block");
			return 2;
		}
		finally
		{
			System.out.println("finally block");
		}
	}
}

运行结果：

try block
exception block
finally block
return value of test():2

（6）注意，在Eclipse里，会提示"finally block does not complete normally"，具体原因见【 http://blog.csdn.net/woshixuye/article/details/8529447】，就是说在finally语句块中不应该有return语句。

package finally_test;

public class test6
{
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		//System.out.println("hello world!");
		System.out.println("return value of test():"+test());
	}
	public static int test()
	{
		try
		{
			return 0;
		}
		finally
		{
			return 1;
		}
	}
}

运行结果：

return value of test():1

（7）这个例子非常变态！详细解释见原来的链接。

package finally_test;

public class test7
{
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		//System.out.println("hello world!");
		System.out.println("return value of test():"+test());
	}
	public static int test()
	{
		int i=1;
		try
		{
			//i=4;
			return i;
		}
		finally
		{
			++i;
		}
	}
}

运行结果：

return value of test():1

（8）主要是和第（7）个例子做个对比。

package finally_test;

public class test8
{
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		//System.out.println("hello world!");
		System.out.println("return value of test():"+test());
	}
	public static int test()
	{
		int i=1;
		try
		{
			i=4;
		}
		finally
		{
			++i;
			//return i;
		}
		return i;
	}
}

运行结果：

return value of test():5

（9）这个例子也非常变态！

package finally_test;

public class test9
{
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		//System.out.println("hello world!");
		System.out.println(test());
	}
	public static String test()
	{
		try
		{
			System.out.println("try block");
			return test1();
			//return test1();等同于String tmp=test1(); return tmp;
		}
		finally
		{
			System.out.println("finally block");
		}
	}
	public static String test1()
	{
		System.out.println("return statement");
		return "after return";
	}
}

运行结果：

try block
return statement
finally block
after return

（10）这个例子和（9）差不多

package finally_test;

public class test10
{
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		//System.out.println("hello world!");
		System.out.println(test());
	}
	public static int test()
	{
		try
		{
			System.out.println("try block");
			int x=1;
			return test1(x);
			//先执行test1(x);再执行finally，最后return
		}
		finally
		{
			System.out.println("finally block");
		}
	}
	public static int test1(int x)
	{
		System.out.println("return statement");
		x++;
		return x;
	}
}

运行结果：

try block
return statement
finally block
2