android AIDL的简单使用

借助AIDL能够实现进程间的通信，记录一下如何使用；

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1.创建一个AIDL文件，这里命名ICalAIDL：

package com.test.android.test;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements
interface ICalAIDL {
    int add(int x, int y);
    int sub(int x, int y);
}

如果是AndroidStudio build一下项目，就会在app/build/generated/source/aidl/debug下自动生成一个ICalAIDL.java文件。

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2.服务端代码

public class CalService extends Service {

    private static final String TAG = "CalService";

    private ICalAIDL.Stub mBinder = new ICalAIDL.Stub() {
        @Override
        public int add(int x, int y) throws RemoteException {
            return x + y;
        }

        @Override
        public int sub(int x, int y) throws RemoteException {
            return x - y;
        }
    };

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        Log.i(TAG, "onBind");
        return mBinder;
    }
}

创建一个ICalAIDL.Stub对象，该类在自动生成的ICalAIDL.java文件中。重写定义的接口的两个方法，这两个方法就是我们创建的AIDL文件内的2个方法。Stub这个类是Binder的子类，在onBind()方法中返回该对象。最后注册这个Service，当前让它运行在独立的进程中。

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3.客户端代码:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";

    private Button mBindService;
    private Button mUnBindService;
    private Button mAdd;
    private Button mSub;

    private ICalAIDL mICalAIDL;

    private ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
            Log.i(TAG, "onServiceConnected");
            mICalAIDL= ICalAIDL.Stub.asInterface(service);
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
            Log.i(TAG, "onServiceDisconnected");
            mICalAIDL = null;
        }
    };

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mBindService = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bindService);
        mUnBindService = (Button) findViewById(R.id.unbindService);
        mAdd = (Button) findViewById(R.id.add);
        mSub = (Button) findViewById(R.id.sub);
        mBindService.setOnClickListener(this);
        mUnBindService.setOnClickListener(this);
        mAdd.setOnClickListener(this);
        mSub.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.bindService: {
                Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, CalService.class);
                bindService(intent, mConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
                break;
            }
            case R.id.unbindService: {
                unbindService(mConnection);
                break;
            }
            case R.id.add: {
                if(mICalAIDL != null) {
                    try {
                        int addAns = mICalAIDL.add(1, 2);
                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "1 + 2 = " + addAns, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    } catch (RemoteException e) {
                        Log.i(TAG, e.toString());
                    }
                } else {
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "连接服务器异常，请重新连接", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
                break;
            }
            case R.id.sub: {
                if(mICalAIDL != null) {
                    try {
                        int subAns = mICalAIDL.sub(30, 12);
                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "30 - 12 = " + subAns, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    } catch (RemoteException e) {
                        Log.i(TAG, e.toString());
                    }
                } else {
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "连接服务器异常，请重新连接", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
                break;
            }
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
}

创建ServiceConnection对象，重写2个方法，在onServiceConnected()方法内通过IBinder获得ICalAIDL对象。之后就可以调用ICalAIDL对象的方法了。

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这里记录一下如何实现进程间通信，原理并不是很懂～