EssentialC++ STL容器一道小习题

练习3.1 写一个读取文本文件的程序，将文件中的每个单词存入map。map的key便是刚才所说的单词，map的value则是该单词在文本文件中出现的次数。再定义一份由“排除单词”组成的set，其中包含诸如 a,an,the,but,and,or之类的单词。在将某单词置入map之前，先确定该单词并不在“排除字集”中，一旦文本文件读取完毕，请显示一份单词列表，并显示各个单词的出现次数。你可以在显示单词之前，允许用户查询某个单词是否出现于文本文件中。

#ifndef PRINT_H_INCLUDED
#define PRINT_H_INCLUDED
#include <vector>
#include <map>
#define PRINT_VECTOR(T)  void print_container(vector<T> t) { \
    vector<T>::iterator it = t.begin();  \
    for(; it != t.end(); it++) { \
        std::cout << *it << std::endl; \
    }                         \
    std::cout << "\n"; }

#define PRINT_MAP(K,V) void print_container(map<K,V> m) { \
    map<K,V>::iterator it = m.begin(); \
    for(; it != m.end(); it++) {\
        std::cout << "key : " << it->first << " value : " << it->second << std::endl; \
    } }



#endif // PRINT_H_INCLUDED

为了方便我这里先定义好了打印的宏。在头文件print.h中

下面是一个初略的实现，

#include "print.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
#include <set>

using namespace std;

//用头文件的宏来定义打印函数。
PRINT_MAP(string,int)
PRINT_VECTOR(string)

const string arr[6] = {"a","an","and","but","or","the"};
const set<string> g_exclusion(arr,arr+6);

void input() {
    cout << "input your file name : ";
    string file_name;
    cin >> file_name;
    ifstream infile(file_name.c_str(),ifstream::in);
    if(!infile) {
        cerr << "can not find the file ";
        exit(1);
    }
    istream_iterator<string> is(infile);
    istream_iterator<string> eof;

    vector<string> content;
    map<string,int> mymap;
    copy(is,eof,back_inserter(content));      //把文本文件的内容插入到vector中
    for(vector<string>::iterator it = content.begin();
        it != content.end(); ++it) {
        if(g_exclusion.count(*it) == 0)       //不包含在排除字集中，加入到map中
            mymap[*it]++;
    }
    cout << " input you want to search word : ";
    string word;
    cin >> word;
    if(!mymap.count(word)) {
        cout << " sorry ,doesn't find the word : " << word <<endl;
    } else {
        cout << "yes the map contain the word : " << word << endl;
    }
    cout << "the file's content is : "   << endl;
    print_container(content);
    cout << "word count-------------------------" << endl;
    print_container(mymap);

}


int main() {
    input();
}

输出结果：