#include <deque>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
class DividedByZeroException ... {} ;
class BigInteger
... {
private:
vector<char> digits;
bool sign; // true for positive, false for negitive
void trim(); // remove zeros in tail, but if the value is 0, keep only one:)
public:
BigInteger(int); // construct with a int integer
BigInteger(string&) ;
BigInteger();
BigInteger (const BigInteger&);
BigInteger operator=(const BigInteger& op2);
BigInteger abs() const;
BigInteger pow(int a);
//binary operators
friend BigInteger operator+=(BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend BigInteger operator-=(BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend BigInteger operator*=(BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend BigInteger operator/=(BigInteger&,const BigInteger&) throw(DividedByZeroException);
friend BigInteger operator%=(BigInteger&,const BigInteger&) throw(DividedByZeroException);
friend BigInteger operator+(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend BigInteger operator-(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend BigInteger operator*(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend BigInteger operator/(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&) throw(DividedByZeroException);
friend BigInteger operator%(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&) throw(DividedByZeroException);
//uniary operators
friend BigInteger operator-(const BigInteger&); //negative
friend BigInteger operator++(BigInteger&); //++v
friend BigInteger operator++(BigInteger&,int); //v++
friend BigInteger operator--(BigInteger&); //--v
friend BigInteger operator--(BigInteger&,int); //v--
friend bool operator>(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend bool operator<(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend bool operator==(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend bool operator!=(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend bool operator>=(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend bool operator<=(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&,const BigInteger&); //print the BigInteger
friend istream& operator>>(istream&, BigInteger&); // input the BigInteger
public:
static const BigInteger ZERO;
static const BigInteger ONE;
static const BigInteger TEN;
} ;
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
class DividedByZeroException ... {} ;
class BigInteger
... {
private:
vector<char> digits;
bool sign; // true for positive, false for negitive
void trim(); // remove zeros in tail, but if the value is 0, keep only one:)
public:
BigInteger(int); // construct with a int integer
BigInteger(string&) ;
BigInteger();
BigInteger (const BigInteger&);
BigInteger operator=(const BigInteger& op2);
BigInteger abs() const;
BigInteger pow(int a);
//binary operators
friend BigInteger operator+=(BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend BigInteger operator-=(BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend BigInteger operator*=(BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend BigInteger operator/=(BigInteger&,const BigInteger&) throw(DividedByZeroException);
friend BigInteger operator%=(BigInteger&,const BigInteger&) throw(DividedByZeroException);
friend BigInteger operator+(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend BigInteger operator-(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend BigInteger operator*(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend BigInteger operator/(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&) throw(DividedByZeroException);
friend BigInteger operator%(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&) throw(DividedByZeroException);
//uniary operators
friend BigInteger operator-(const BigInteger&); //negative
friend BigInteger operator++(BigInteger&); //++v
friend BigInteger operator++(BigInteger&,int); //v++
friend BigInteger operator--(BigInteger&); //--v
friend BigInteger operator--(BigInteger&,int); //v--
friend bool operator>(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend bool operator<(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend bool operator==(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend bool operator!=(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend bool operator>=(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend bool operator<=(const BigInteger&,const BigInteger&);
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&,const BigInteger&); //print the BigInteger
friend istream& operator>>(istream&, BigInteger&); // input the BigInteger
public:
static const BigInteger ZERO;
static const BigInteger ONE;
static const BigInteger TEN;
} ;
// BigInteger.cpp
const BigInteger BigInteger::ZERO = BigInteger( 0 );
const BigInteger BigInteger::ONE = BigInteger( 1 );
const BigInteger BigInteger::TEN = BigInteger( 10 );
BigInteger::BigInteger()
... {
sign=true;
}
BigInteger::BigInteger( int val) ... {// construct with a int integer
if (val >= 0)
sign = true;
else...{
sign = false;
val *= (-1);
}
do...{
digits.push_back( (char)(val%10) );
val /= 10;
} while ( val != 0 );
}
BigInteger::BigInteger( string & def) ... {
sign=true;
for ( string::reverse_iterator iter = def.rbegin() ; iter < def.rend(); iter++)...{
char ch = (*iter);
if (iter == def.rend()-1)...{
if ( ch == '+' )
break;
if(ch == '-' )...{
sign = false;
break;
}
}
digits.push_back( (char)((*iter) - '0' ) );
}
trim();
}
void BigInteger::trim() ... {
vector<char>::reverse_iterator iter = digits.rbegin();
while(!digits.empty() && (*iter) == 0)...{
digits.pop_back();
iter=digits.rbegin();
}
if( digits.size()==0 )...{
sign = true;
digits.push_back(0);
}
}
BigInteger::BigInteger( const BigInteger & op2) ... {
sign = op2.sign;
digits=op2.digits;
}
BigInteger BigInteger:: operator = ( const BigInteger & op2) ... {
digits = op2.digits;
sign = op2.sign;
return (*this);
}
BigInteger BigInteger::abs() const ... {
if(sign) return *this;
else return -(*this);
}
BigInteger BigInteger::pow( int a)
... {
BigInteger res(1);
for(int i=0; i<a; i++)
res*=(*this);
return res;
}
// binary operators
BigInteger operator += (BigInteger & op1, const BigInteger & op2) ... {
if( op1.sign == op2.sign )...{ //只处理相同的符号的情况,异号的情况给-处理
vector<char>::iterator iter1;
vector<char>::const_iterator iter2;
iter1 = op1.digits.begin();
iter2 = op2.digits.begin();
char to_add = 0; //进位
while ( iter1 != op1.digits.end() && iter2 != op2.digits.end())...{
(*iter1) = (*iter1) + (*iter2) + to_add;
to_add = ((*iter1) > 9); // 大于9进一位
(*iter1) = (*iter1) % 10;
iter1++; iter2++;
}
while ( iter1 != op1.digits.end() )...{ //
(*iter1) = (*iter1) + to_add;
to_add = ( (*iter1) > 9 );
(*iter1) %= 10;
iter1++;
}
while ( iter2 != op2.digits.end() )...{
char val = (*iter2) + to_add;
to_add = (val > 9) ;
val %= 10;
op1.digits.push_back(val);
iter2++;
}
if( to_add != 0 )
op1.digits.push_back(to_add);
return op1;
}
else...{
if (op1.sign)
return op1 -= (-op2);
else
return op1= op2 - (-op1);
}
}
BigInteger operator -= (BigInteger & op1, const BigInteger & op2) ... {
if( op1.sign == op2.sign )...{ //只处理相同的符号的情况,异号的情况给+处理
if(op1.sign) ...{
if(op1 < op2) // 2 - 3
return op1=-(op2 - op1);
}
else ...{
if(-op1 > -op2) // (-3)-(-2) = -(3 - 2)
return op1=-((-op1)-(-op2));
else // (-2)-(-3) = 3 - 2
return op1= (-op2) - (-op1);
}
vector<char>::iterator iter1;
vector<char>::const_iterator iter2;
iter1 = op1.digits.begin();
iter2 = op2.digits.begin();
char to_substract = 0; //借位
while ( iter1 != op1.digits.end() && iter2 != op2.digits.end())...{
(*iter1) = (*iter1) - (*iter2) - to_substract;
to_substract = 0;
if( (*iter1) < 0 )...{
to_substract=1;
(*iter1) += 10;
}
iter1++;
iter2++;
}
while ( iter1 != op1.digits.end() )...{
(*iter1) = (*iter1) - to_substract;
to_substract = 0;
if( (*iter1) < 0 )...{
to_substract=1;
(*iter1) += 10;
}
else break;
iter1++;
}
op1.trim();
return op1;
}
else...{
if (op1 > BigInteger::ZERO)
return op1 += (-op2);
else
return op1 = -(op2 + (-op1));
}
}
BigInteger operator *= (BigInteger & op1, const BigInteger & op2) ... {
BigInteger result(0);
if (op1 == BigInteger::ZERO || op2==BigInteger::ZERO)
result = BigInteger::ZERO;
else...{
vector<char>::const_iterator iter2 = op2.digits.begin();
while( iter2 != op2.digits.end() )...{
if(*iter2 != 0)...{
deque<char> temp(op1.digits.begin() , op1.digits.end());
char to_add = 0;
deque<char>::iterator iter1 = temp.begin();
while( iter1 != temp.end() )...{
(*iter1) *= (*iter2);
(*iter1) += to_add;
to_add = (*iter1) / 10;
(*iter1) %= 10;
iter1++;
}
if( to_add != 0)
temp.push_back( to_add );
int num_of_zeros = iter2 - op2.digits.begin();
while( num_of_zeros--)
temp.push_front(0);
BigInteger temp2;
temp2.digits.insert( temp2.digits.end() , temp.begin() , temp.end() );
temp2.trim();
result = result + temp2;
}
iter2++;
}
result.sign = ( (op1.sign && op2.sign) || (!op1.sign && !op2.sign) );
}
op1 = result;
return op1;
}
BigInteger operator /= (BigInteger & op1 , const BigInteger & op2 ) throw (DividedByZeroException) ... {
if( op2 == BigInteger::ZERO )
throw DividedByZeroException();
BigInteger t1 = op1.abs(), t2 = op2.abs();
if ( t1 < t2 )...{
op1 = BigInteger::ZERO;
return op1;
}
//现在 t1 > t2 > 0
//只需将 t1/t2的结果交给result就可以了
deque<char> temp;
vector<char>::reverse_iterator iter = t1.digits.rbegin();
BigInteger temp2(0);
while( iter != t1.digits.rend() )...{
temp2 = temp2 * BigInteger::TEN + BigInteger( (int)(*iter) );
char s = 0;
while( temp2 >= t2 )...{
temp2 = temp2 - t2;
s = s + 1;
}
temp.push_front( s );
iter++;
}
op1.digits.clear();
op1.digits.insert( op1.digits.end() , temp.begin() , temp.end() );
op1.trim();
op1.sign = ( (op1.sign && op2.sign) || (!op1.sign && !op2.sign) );
return op1;
}
BigInteger operator %= (BigInteger & op1, const BigInteger & op2) throw (DividedByZeroException) ... {
return op1 -= ((op1 / op2)*op2);
}
BigInteger operator + ( const BigInteger & op1, const BigInteger & op2) ... {
BigInteger temp(op1);
temp += op2;
return temp;
}
BigInteger operator - ( const BigInteger & op1, const BigInteger & op2) ... {
BigInteger temp(op1);
temp -= op2;
return temp;
}
BigInteger operator * ( const BigInteger & op1, const BigInteger & op2) ... {
BigInteger temp(op1);
temp *= op2;
return temp;
}
BigInteger operator / ( const BigInteger & op1, const BigInteger & op2) throw (DividedByZeroException) ... {
BigInteger temp(op1);
temp /= op2;
return temp;
}
BigInteger operator % ( const BigInteger & op1, const BigInteger & op2) throw (DividedByZeroException) ... {
BigInteger temp(op1);
temp %= op2;
return temp;
}
// uniary operators
BigInteger operator - ( const BigInteger & op) ... { //negative
BigInteger temp = BigInteger(op);
temp.sign = !temp.sign;
return temp;
}
BigInteger operator ++ (BigInteger & op) ... { //++v
op += BigInteger::ONE;
return op;
}
BigInteger operator ++ (BigInteger & op, int x) ... { //v++
BigInteger temp(op);
++op;
return temp;
}
BigInteger operator -- (BigInteger & op) ... { //--v
op -= BigInteger::ONE;
return op;
}
BigInteger operator -- (BigInteger & op, int x) ... { //v--
BigInteger temp(op);
--op;
return temp;
}
bool operator < ( const BigInteger & op1, const BigInteger & op2) ... {
if( op1.sign != op2.sign )
return !op1.sign;
else...{
if(op1.digits.size() != op2.digits.size())
return (op1.sign && op1.digits.size()<op2.digits.size())
|| (!op1.sign && op1.digits.size()>op2.digits.size());
vector<char>::const_reverse_iterator iter1,iter2;
iter1 = op1.digits.rbegin();iter2 = op2.digits.rbegin();
while( iter1 != op1.digits.rend() )...{
if( op1.sign && *iter1 < *iter2 ) return true;
if( op1.sign && *iter1 > *iter2 ) return false;
if( !op1.sign && *iter1 > *iter2 ) return true;
if( !op1.sign && *iter1 < *iter2 ) return false;
iter1++;
iter2++;
}
return false;
}
}
bool operator == ( const BigInteger & op1, const BigInteger & op2) ... {
if( op1.sign != op2.sign || op1.digits.size() != op2.digits.size() )
return false;
vector<char>::const_iterator iter1,iter2;
iter1 = op1.digits.begin();
iter2 = op2.digits.begin();
while( iter1!= op1.digits.end() )...{
if( *iter1 != *iter2 ) return false;
iter1++;
iter2++;
}
return true;
}
bool operator != ( const BigInteger & op1, const BigInteger & op2) ... {
return !(op1==op2);
}
bool operator >= ( const BigInteger & op1, const BigInteger & op2) ... {
return (op1>op2) || (op1==op2);
}
bool operator <= ( const BigInteger & op1, const BigInteger & op2) ... {
return (op1<op2) || (op1==op2);
}
bool operator > ( const BigInteger & op1, const BigInteger & op2) ... {
return !(op1<=op2);
}
ostream & operator << (ostream & stream, const BigInteger & val) ... { //print the BigInteger
if (!val.sign)
stream << "-";
for ( vector<char>::const_reverse_iterator iter = val.digits.rbegin(); iter != val.digits.rend() ; iter++)
stream << (char)((*iter) + '0');
return stream;
}
istream & operator >> (istream & stream, BigInteger & val) ... { //Input the BigInteger
string str;
stream >> str;
val=BigInteger(str);
return stream;
}
/**/
int main()
... {
int n;
cin>>n;
for(int i=0; i<n; i++) ...{
BigInteger A;
BigInteger B;
BigInteger C=888;
cin>>A>>B;
cout<<"A-B:"<<A-B<<endl;
cout<<"A+B:"<<A+B<<endl;
cout<<"A*B:"<<A*B<<endl;
cout<<"A/B:"<<A/B<<endl;
cout<<"A%B:"<<A%B<<endl;
cout<<"A.pow(5)"<<A.pow(5)<<endl;
A++;
cout<<"A++:"<<A<<endl;
A--;
cout<<"A--:"<<A<<endl;
cout<<"++B:"<<++B<<endl;
cout<<"--B:"<<--B<<endl;
cout<<"C:"<<C<<endl;
}
return 0;
}