原文的链接地址:https://www.mkyong.com/java/java-custom-annotations-example/
在本教程中,我们将向您展示如何创建两个自定义注释@Test和@TestInfo来模拟一个简单的单元测试框架。
这个单元测试例子是受到这个官方Java注释文章的启发。
1、@Test Annotation
package com.dynamic.test.core;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
public @interface Test{
public boolean enabled() default true;
}
2、@TesterInfo Annotation
package com.dynamic.test.core;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
public @interface TesterInfo{
public enum Priority{//注意:此处有空格!!
LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH
}
Priority priority() default Priority.MEDIUM;
String[] tags() default "";
String createdBy() default "bill";
String lastModified() default "2017-5-18";
}
3、 Unit Test Example
package com.dynamic.test;
import com.dynamic.test.core.Test;
import com.dynamic.test.core.TesterInfo;
import com.dynamic.test.core.TesterInfo.Priority;
@TesterInfo(
priority = Priority.HIGH,
createdBy = "dynamic.com",
tags = {"sales","test"}
)
public class TestExample{
@Test
void testA(){
if(true)
throw new RuntimeException("This test alwasys failed");
}
@Test(enabled = false)
void testB(){
if(false)
throw new RuntimeException("This test alwasys passed");
}
@Test(enabled = true)
void testC(){
if(10>1){}
//do nothing ,this test always passed
}
}
4、 Java reflection – Read the Annotation
package com.dynamic.test;
import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import com.dynamic.test.core.Test;
import com.dynamic.test.core.TesterInfo;
public class RunTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Testing...");
int passed = 0, failed = 0, count = 0, ignore = 0;
Class<TestExample> obj = TestExample.class;
// Process @TesterInfo
if (obj.isAnnotationPresent(TesterInfo.class)) {
Annotation annotation = obj.getAnnotation(TesterInfo.class);
TesterInfo testerInfo = (TesterInfo) annotation;
System.out.printf("%nPriority :%s", testerInfo.priority());
System.out.printf("%nCreatedBy :%s", testerInfo.createdBy());
System.out.printf("%nTags :");
int tagLength = testerInfo.tags().length;
for (String tag : testerInfo.tags()) {
if (tagLength > 1) {
System.out.print(tag + ", ");
} else {
System.out.print(tag);
}
tagLength--;
}
System.out.printf("%nLastModified :%s%n%n", testerInfo.lastModified());
}
// Process @Test
for (Method method : obj.getDeclaredMethods()) {
// if method is annotated with @Test
if (method.isAnnotationPresent(Test.class)) {
Annotation annotation = method.getAnnotation(Test.class);
Test test = (Test) annotation;
// if enabled = true (default)
if (test.enabled()) {
try {
method.invoke(obj.newInstance());
System.out.printf("%s - Test '%s' - passed %n", ++count, method.getName());
passed++;
} catch (Throwable ex) {
System.out.printf("%s - Test '%s' - failed: %s %n", ++count, method.getName(), ex.getCause());
failed++;
}
} else {
System.out.printf("%s - Test '%s' - ignored%n", ++count, method.getName());
ignore++;
}
}
}
System.out.printf("%nResult : Total : %d, Passed: %d, Failed %d, Ignore %d%n", count, passed, failed, ignore);
}
}
输出的结果如下图所示: