一起Talk Android吧（第二百一十五回：Android中的广播大结局）

各位看官们大家好，上一回中咱们说的是Android中发送与接收系统广播的例子，这一回咱们说的例子是广播大结局。闲话休提，言归正转。让我们一起Talk Android吧！

看官们，我们在前面章回中介绍了各种各样的广播，在本章回中对它们做一个总结和对比，算是一个圆满的大结局。

• 自定义的广播可以看作是标准广播，适合在应用程序之间传递消息；
• 系统广播是系统发出的广播，主要用在系统和应用程序之间传递消息；
• 标准广播传递时没有固定的顺序；
• 有序广播可以控制传递顺序，它适合于控件权限的场景；
• 全局广播适合一对多的传递场景，不过要注意风险；
• 本地广播适合在应用内部传递消息；

没有十全十美的设计也没有十全十美的广播，大家可以结合项目中具体的场景来选择不同的广播.这么多广播，总有一种广播适合你。

下面是所有广播的代码，在代码中添加了相关的注释，方便大家理解。此外，为了方便查看代码，我们把广播接收器的类放到了同一类文件中。

package com.example.talk8.blogapp06;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.support.v4.content.LocalBroadcastManager;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Button;

public class ActivityBroadCast extends AppCompatActivity {
    private static final String TAG = "ActivityBroadCast";

    //定义广播接收器子类的对象
    private NormalBroadcastReceiver mNormalBroadcastReceiver;
    private OrderBroaccastReceiverA mOrderBroaccastReceiverA;
    private OrderBroaccastReceiverB mOrderBroaccastReceiverB;
    private LocalBroaccastReceiver mLocalBroaccastReceiver;
    private LocalBroadcastManager localBroadcastManager;
    private SystemBroaccastReceiver mSystemBroaccastReceiver;


    public Button mButtonSendNormalBroadcast;
    public Button mButtonSendOrderBroadcast;
    public Button mButtonSendLocalBroadcast;

    // 3.定义广播名称；使用string类型的变量作为广播名称；
    private static final String NAME_NORMAL_BROADCAST = "NormalBroadcast";
    private static final String NAME_ORDER_BROADCAST= "OrderBroadcast";
    private static final String NAME_LOCAL_BROADCAST= "LocalBroadcast";

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_broad_cast);

        mButtonSendNormalBroadcast = (Button) findViewById(R.id.id_bt_send_normal_bc);
        mButtonSendOrderBroadcast = (Button) findViewById(R.id.id_bt_send_order_bc);
        mButtonSendLocalBroadcast = (Button) findViewById(R.id.id_bt_send_local_bc);

        // 2.创建IntentFilter对象和接收器子类对象为注册广播接收器做准备
        IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction(NAME_NORMAL_BROADCAST);
        mNormalBroadcastReceiver = new NormalBroadcastReceiver();

        // 2.通过IntentFilter对象和BroadcastReceive的子类对象注册广播接收器
        registerReceiver(mNormalBroadcastReceiver,intentFilter);

        //设置Button的监听器来发送广播
        mButtonSendNormalBroadcast.setOnClickListener(v -> sendNormalBroadcast());

        //注册两个有序广播接收器,它们的Action相同，但是优先级不同
        //把优先级当作数据放到intentFilter中
        intentFilter = null;
        intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction(NAME_ORDER_BROADCAST);
        intentFilter.setPriority(10);
        mOrderBroaccastReceiverA = new OrderBroaccastReceiverA();
        registerReceiver(mOrderBroaccastReceiverA,intentFilter);

        intentFilter.setPriority(20);
        mOrderBroaccastReceiverB = new OrderBroaccastReceiverB();
        registerReceiver(mOrderBroaccastReceiverB,intentFilter);

        //设置Button的监听器来发送有序广播
        mButtonSendOrderBroadcast.setOnClickListener(v -> sendOrderBroadcast());


        //注册本地广播接收器
        localBroadcastManager = LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this);
        mLocalBroaccastReceiver = new LocalBroaccastReceiver();
        intentFilter = null;
        intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction(NAME_LOCAL_BROADCAST);
        localBroadcastManager.registerReceiver(mLocalBroaccastReceiver,intentFilter);

        //设置Button的监听器来发送本地广播
        mButtonSendLocalBroadcast.setOnClickListener(v -> sendLocalBroadcast());

        //注册系统广播接收器，这里接收的是系统语言变化时发出的广播
        intentFilter = null;
        intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_LOCALE_CHANGED);
        mSystemBroaccastReceiver = new SystemBroaccastReceiver();
        registerReceiver(mSystemBroaccastReceiver,intentFilter);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        Log.i(TAG, "onDestroy: unregisterReceiver");
        // 6.销毁所有的广播接收器
        unregisterReceiver(mNormalBroadcastReceiver);
        unregisterReceiver(mOrderBroaccastReceiverA);
        unregisterReceiver(mOrderBroaccastReceiverB);
        localBroadcastManager.unregisterReceiver(mLocalBroaccastReceiver);
        localBroadcastManager = null;
        unregisterReceiver(mSystemBroaccastReceiver);
    }

    //发送自定义的广播
    public void sendNormalBroadcast() {
        Log.i(TAG, "sendNormalBroadcast: ");

        // 4 and 5.使用广播名称创建Intent对象，并且通过它来发送广播
        Intent intent = new Intent(NAME_NORMAL_BROADCAST);
        sendBroadcast(intent);
    }

    //发送有序广播
    public void sendOrderBroadcast() {
        Log.i(TAG, "sendOrderBroadcast: ");

        Intent intent = new Intent(NAME_ORDER_BROADCAST);
        sendOrderedBroadcast(intent,null);
    }

    //发送本地广播
    public void sendLocalBroadcast() {
        Log.i(TAG, "sendLocalBroadcast: ");

        Intent intent = new Intent(NAME_LOCAL_BROADCAST);
        localBroadcastManager.sendBroadcast(intent);
    }

    // 1.自定义广播接收器的子类并且重写onReceive方法
    //可以以使用此内部类,也可以使用AST在当前包中创建外部类
    class NormalBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            Log.i(TAG, "onReceive: Action of NormalBroadcast: "+intent.getAction());
        }
    }

    // 自定义两个有序广播接收器的子类并且重写onReceive方法
    class OrderBroaccastReceiverA extends BroadcastReceiver {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            Log.i(TAG, "onReceive: data of OrderBroaccastReceiverA: ");
        }
    }

    class OrderBroaccastReceiverB extends BroadcastReceiver {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            Log.i(TAG, "onReceive: data of OrderBroaccastReceiverB: ");
        }
    }

    // 自定义本地广播接收器的子类并且重写onReceive方法
    class LocalBroaccastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            Log.i(TAG, "onReceive: Action of LocalBroaccastReceiver: ");
        }
    }

    // 自定义系统广播接收器的子类并且重写onReceive方法
    class SystemBroaccastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            Log.i(TAG, "onReceive: Action of SystemBroaccastReceiver: "+intent.getAction());
        }
    }
}

各位看官，关于Android中广播大结局的例子咱们就介绍到这里，欲知后面还有什么例子，且听下回分解！