Python的各种函数工具记录

zip()函数:

>>>a = [1,2,3]
>>> b = [4,5,6]
>>> c = [4,5,6,7,8]
>>> zipped = zip(a,b)     # 打包为元组的列表
[(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)]
>>> zip(a,c)              # 元素个数与最短的列表一致
[(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)]
>>> zip(*zipped)          # 与 zip 相反，*zipped 可理解为解压，返回二维矩阵式
[(1, 2, 3), (4, 5, 6)]

清空字典表时使用clear()方法,不要赋空字典的清空。

zfill()函数:

#  字符串补0
n = "123"
s = n.zfill(5)
assert s == '00123'

#  给负数补0
n = '-123'
s = n.zfill(5)
assert s == '-0123'

#  纯数字补0
n = 123
s = '%05d' % n
assert s == '00123'