Android Studio 2.2 NDK开发环境搭建

本文主要讲解如何在Android Studio 2.2下如何一步步搭建NDK开发环境。

本文出自:【HansChen的博客 http://blog.csdn.net/shensky711】

下载NDK和工具

Android Studio2.2开始推荐开发者使用CMake去构建本地代码，在构建之前，我们需先安装下面三个依赖：

• NDK: a set of tools that allows you to use C and C++ code with Android.
• CMake: an external build tool that works alongside Gradle to build your native library. You do not need this component if you only plan to use ndk-build.
• LLDB: the debugger Android Studio uses to debug native code.

我们可以使用SDK Manager进行下载，菜单位置：Tools > Android > SDK Manager，勾选后安装即可

创建或者导入native项目

创建工程

在这里要注意勾选这个Include C++ Support

接下来一路next最后finish，工程就创建好了。创建好之后系统默认生成了个demo。在Android Studio2.2下，目录结构发生了变化

 
所有c/c++文件都应放置在src/main/cpp/目录（以前是在jni目录）

配置build.gradle

<code class="hljs r has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">android {
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>

    defaultConfig {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>

        externalNativeBuild {
            cmake {
                //设置编译工具链
                arguments <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"-DANDROID_TOOLCHAIN=clang"</span>
                //需编译生成的ABI类型
                abiFilters <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'x86'</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'x86_64'</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'armeabi'</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'armeabi-v7a'</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'arm64-v8a'</span>
            }
        }

        ndk {
            //打包进APK的ABI类型
            abiFilters <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"armeabi"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"armeabi-v7a"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"x86"</span>
        }
    }

    externalNativeBuild {
        cmake {
            //配置CMakeLists.txt的路径
            path <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'CMakeLists.txt'</span>
        }
    }

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li></ul>

 
配置之后，我们就会发现工程终于变成这种结构了，其中cpp里面的是源文件，External Build Files是CMakeLists文件。

当然，想要正常编译，我们还需要学习CMake文件，这里推荐一篇文章：CMake 入门实战