AOP是OOP的延续，是Aspect Oriented Programming的缩写，意思是面向切面编程，可以通过预编译方式和运行期动态代理实现在不修改源代码的情况下给程序动态统一添加功能的一种技术。AOP设计模式追求的是调用者和被调用者之间的解耦，AOP也是这种目标的一种实现。
适用场景：
日志、事务、安全等都会写在业务代码中（非业务类横切于业务类），这些代码一般都是重复，所以AOP就实现了把这些业务需求与系统需求分开。此方式也称为代理机制。
AOP中的重要概念
1、切面（Aspect）
一个关注点的模块化，这个关注点可能会横切多个对象，“切面”在ApplicationContext中<aop:aspect>来配置。
连接点（Joinpoint）：程序执行过程中的某一行为，例如：MemberService.get的调用或者MemberService.delete抛出的异常等；
2、通知（Advice）
“切面”对于某个“连接点”所产生的动作，其中，一个“切面”可以包含多个“Advice”
3、切入点（Pointcut）
匹配连接点的断言，在AOP中通知和一个切入点表达式关联，切面中的所有通知所关注的连接点，都由切入点表达式来决定。
4、目标对象（Target Object）
被一个或多个切面所通知的对象，例如：ServiceImple，在实际的运行中，SpringAOP采用代理实现，实际AOP操作的是TargetObject的代理对象。
5、AOP代理（AOP Proxy）
在Spring AOP中采用了两种代理方式，JDK动态代理和CGLib代理。默认的情况下，TargetObject实现了接口时，则采用JDK动态代理，反之采用CGLib代理，强制使用CGLib代理需要将<aop:config>的proxy-target-class属性设置为true.
6、前置通知
在某连接点（JoinPoint）之前执行的通知，但是这个通知不能阻止连接点前的执行。ApplicationContext中在<aop:aspect>里面使用<aop:before>元素进行声明。
7、后置通知
当某个连接点（JoinPoint ）退出的时候执行的通知（不论是正常退出还是异常退出）。ApplicationContext中在<aop:aspect>里面使用了<aop:after>元素进行声明。
8、返回后通知
在某个连接点正常完成后执行的通知，不包括异常的情况。ApplicationContext中在<aop:aspect>里面使用<after-returning>元素进行声明。
9、环绕通知
包围一个连接点的通知，类似Web中Servlet规范中的Filter的doFilter方法。可以在方法的调用前后完成自定义的行为。ApplicationContext中在<aop:aspect>里面使用<aop:around>元素进行声明。
10、异常通知
在方法抛出异常退出时执行的通知。ApplicationContext中在<aop:aspect>里面使用<aop:after-throwing>元素进行声明。
注意：可以将多个通知应用在一个目标对象上，即可以将多个切面置入到同一个目标对象。
使用Spring AOP可以基于两种方式：一种是比较方便和强大的注解方式，另一种是中规中矩的XML配置方式。
使用注解配置Spring AOP总体分为两步，第一步是在XML文件中声明激活自动扫描组件功能，同时激活自动代理的功能；第二步为Aspect切面类添加注解
Spring AOP源码分析
寻找入口
Spring 的AOP是通过接入BeanPostProcessor后置处理器开始的，它是Spring IOC 容器经常使用到的一个特性，这个Bean后置处理器是一个监听器，可以监听容器触发的Bean声明的周期事件。后置处理器向容器注册以后，容器管理的Bean就具备了接收IOC容器事件回调的能力。
BeanPostProcessor的使用非常的简单，只需要提供一个实现接口BeanPostProcessor的实现类，然后在Bean的配置文件中设置即可。
1、BeanPostProcessor源码如下：
public interface BeanPostProcessor {
//为在Bean的初始化前提供回调入口
@Nullable
default Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
return bean;
}
//为在Bean的初始化之后提供回调入口
@Nullable
default Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
return bean;
}
}这两个回调的入口都是和容器管理的Bean的生命周期事件紧密相关，可以为用户提供在Spring IOC容器初始化Bean过程中自定义的处理操作。
2、AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory类对容器生成的Bean添加后置处理器
BeanPostProcessor后置处理器的调用发生在SPringIOC容器完成对Bean实例对象的创建和属性的依赖注入完成之后，在对Spring依赖注入的源码分析过程中，当应用呈现第一次调用getBean()方法（lazy-init 预实例化除外）向Spring IOC 容器索取指定Bean时触发Spring IOC容器创建Bean实例对象并进行依赖注入的过程，其中真正实现创建Bean对象并进行依赖注入的方法是AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory类中的doCreateBean()方法，主要的源码如下：
//真正创建Bean的方法
protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final @Nullable Object[] args)
throws BeanCreationException {
// Instantiate the bean.
//封装被创建的Bean对象
BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
}
if (instanceWrapper == null) {
instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
}
final Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance();
//获取实例化对象的类型
Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass();
if (beanType != NullBean.class) {
mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
}
// Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
//调用PostProcessor后置处理器
synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
try {
applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex);
}
mbd.postProcessed = true;
}
}
// Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references
// even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware.
//向容器中缓存单例模式的Bean对象，以防循环引用
boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
"' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
}
//这里是一个匿名内部类，为了防止循环引用，尽早持有对象的引用
addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
}
// Initialize the bean instance.
//Bean对象的初始化，依赖注入在此触发
//这个exposedObject在初始化完成之后返回作为依赖注入完成后的Bean
Object exposedObject = bean;
try {
//将Bean实例对象封装，并且Bean定义中配置的属性值赋值给实例对象
populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
//初始化Bean对象
exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
}
else {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
}
}
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
//获取指定名称的已注册的单例模式Bean对象
Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
//根据名称获取的已注册的Bean和正在实例化的Bean是同一个
if (exposedObject == bean) {
//当前实例化的Bean初始化完成
exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
}
//当前Bean依赖其他Bean，并且当发生循环引用时不允许新创建实例对象
else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<>(dependentBeans.length);
//获取当前Bean所依赖的其他Bean
for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
//对依赖Bean进行类型检查
if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
}
}
if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
"Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
"] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
"wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
"bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
"'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
}
}
}
}
// Register bean as disposable.
//注册完成依赖注入的Bean
try {
registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
}
return exposedObject;
}为Bean实例对象添加BeanPostProcessor后置处理器的入口的是initalizeBean()方法。
3、initializeBean()方法为容器产生的Bean实例对象添加BeanPostProcessor后置处理器
相关代码如下：
//初始容器创建的Bean实例对象，为其添加BeanPostProcessor后置处理器
protected Object initializeBean(final String beanName, final Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
//JDK的安全机制验证权限
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
//实现PrivilegedAction接口的匿名内部类
AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
return null;
}, getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
//为Bean实例对象包装相关属性，如名称，类加载器，所属容器等信息
invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
}
Object wrappedBean = bean;
//对BeanPostProcessor后置处理器的postProcessBeforeInitialization
//回调方法的调用，为Bean实例初始化前做一些处理
if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
}
//调用Bean实例对象初始化的方法，这个初始化方法是在Spring Bean定义配置
//文件中通过init-method属性指定的
try {
invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
(mbd != null ? mbd.getResourceDescription() : null),
beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex);
}
//对BeanPostProcessor后置处理器的postProcessAfterInitialization
//回调方法的调用，为Bean实例初始化之后做一些处理
if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
}
return wrappedBean;
}
@Override
public Object initializeBean(Object existingBean, String beanName) {
return initializeBean(beanName, existingBean, null);
}
@Override
//调用BeanPostProcessor后置处理器实例对象初始化之前的处理方法
public Object applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(Object existingBean, String beanName)
throws BeansException {
Object result = existingBean;
//遍历容器为所创建的Bean添加的所有BeanPostProcessor后置处理器
for (BeanPostProcessor beanProcessor : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
//调用Bean实例所有的后置处理中的初始化前处理方法，为Bean实例对象在
//初始化之前做一些自定义的处理操作
Object current = beanProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(result, beanName);
if (current == null) {
return result;
}
result = current;
}
return result;
}
@Override
//调用BeanPostProcessor后置处理器实例对象初始化之后的处理方法
public Object applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(Object existingBean, String beanName)
throws BeansException {
Object result = existingBean;
//遍历容器为所创建的Bean添加的所有BeanPostProcessor后置处理器
for (BeanPostProcessor beanProcessor : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
//调用Bean实例所有的后置处理中的初始化后处理方法，为Bean实例对象在
//初始化之后做一些自定义的处理操作
Object current = beanProcessor.postProcessAfterInitialization(result, beanName);
if (current == null) {
return result;
}
result = current;
}
return result;
}BeanPostProcessor是一个接口，其初始化前的操作方法和初始化后的操作方法都委托其子类来实现，在Spring中，BeanPostProcessor的实现子类非常的多，分别完成不同的操作，如：AOP面向切面编程的注册通知适配器、Bean对象的数据校验、Bean继承属性、方法合并等。我们以AOP切面织入来示例：
选择代理策略
进入AbstractAutoProxyCreator实现类中的postProcessAfterInitialization()方法，我们发现调到了一个非常核心的方法wrapIfNecessary()，其源码如下：
@Override
public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(@Nullable Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
if (bean != null) {
Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(bean.getClass(), beanName);
if (!this.earlyProxyReferences.contains(cacheKey)) {
return wrapIfNecessary(bean, beanName, cacheKey);
}
}
return bean;
}
protected Object wrapIfNecessary(Object bean, String beanName, Object cacheKey) {
if (StringUtils.hasLength(beanName) && this.targetSourcedBeans.contains(beanName)) {
return bean;
}
if (Boolean.FALSE.equals(this.advisedBeans.get(cacheKey))) {
return bean;
}
if (isInfrastructureClass(bean.getClass()) || shouldSkip(bean.getClass(), beanName)) {
this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE);
return bean;
}
// Create proxy if we have advice.
Object[] specificInterceptors = getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(bean.getClass(), beanName, null);
if (specificInterceptors != DO_NOT_PROXY) {
this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.TRUE);
Object proxy = createProxy(
bean.getClass(), beanName, specificInterceptors, new SingletonTargetSource(bean));
this.proxyTypes.put(cacheKey, proxy.getClass());
return proxy;
}
this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE);
return bean;
}
protected Object createProxy(Class<?> beanClass, @Nullable String beanName,
@Nullable Object[] specificInterceptors, TargetSource targetSource) {
if (this.beanFactory instanceof ConfigurableListableBeanFactory) {
AutoProxyUtils.exposeTargetClass((ConfigurableListableBeanFactory) this.beanFactory, beanName, beanClass);
}
ProxyFactory proxyFactory = new ProxyFactory();
proxyFactory.copyFrom(this);
if (!proxyFactory.isProxyTargetClass()) {
if (shouldProxyTargetClass(beanClass, beanName)) {
proxyFactory.setProxyTargetClass(true);
}
else {
evaluateProxyInterfaces(beanClass, proxyFactory);
}
}
Advisor[] advisors = buildAdvisors(beanName, specificInterceptors);
proxyFactory.addAdvisors(advisors);
proxyFactory.setTargetSource(targetSource);
customizeProxyFactory(proxyFactory);
proxyFactory.setFrozen(this.freezeProxy);
if (advisorsPreFiltered()) {
proxyFactory.setPreFiltered(true);
}
return proxyFactory.getProxy(getProxyClassLoader());
}调用的是proxyFactory.getProxy()方法，这里的有两种生成代理的实现方式：CglibAopProxy与JdkDynamicAopProxy。
我们使用DefaultAopProxyFactory创建代理工厂，相关代码如下：
public class DefaultAopProxyFactory implements AopProxyFactory, Serializable {
@Override
public AopProxy createAopProxy(AdvisedSupport config) throws AopConfigException {
if (config.isOptimize() || config.isProxyTargetClass() || hasNoUserSuppliedProxyInterfaces(config)) {
Class<?> targetClass = config.getTargetClass();
if (targetClass == null) {
throw new AopConfigException("TargetSource cannot determine target class: " +
"Either an interface or a target is required for proxy creation.");
}
if (targetClass.isInterface() || Proxy.isProxyClass(targetClass)) {
return new JdkDynamicAopProxy(config);
}
return new ObjenesisCglibAopProxy(config);
}
else {
return new JdkDynamicAopProxy(config);
}
}
/**
* Determine whether the supplied {@link AdvisedSupport} has only the
* {@link org.springframework.aop.SpringProxy} interface specified
* (or no proxy interfaces specified at all).
*/
private boolean hasNoUserSuppliedProxyInterfaces(AdvisedSupport config) {
Class<?>[] ifcs = config.getProxiedInterfaces();
return (ifcs.length == 0 || (ifcs.length == 1 && SpringProxy.class.isAssignableFrom(ifcs[0])));
}
}调用代理方法
Spring中主要的AOP组件类图，如下：
JDK生成代理对象，JdkDynamicAopProxy实现方式：
/**
* 获取代理类要实现的接口,除了Advised对象中配置的,还会加上SpringProxy, Advised(opaque=false)
* 检查上面得到的接口中有没有定义 equals或者hashcode的接口
* 调用Proxy.newProxyInstance创建代理对象
*/
@Override
public Object getProxy(@Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Creating JDK dynamic proxy: target source is " + this.advised.getTargetSource());
}
Class<?>[] proxiedInterfaces = AopProxyUtils.completeProxiedInterfaces(this.advised, true);
findDefinedEqualsAndHashCodeMethods(proxiedInterfaces);
return Proxy.newProxyInstance(classLoader, proxiedInterfaces, this);
}
InvocationHandler是JDK动态代理的核心，生成的代理对象的方法调用都会委托到InvocationHandler.invoke()方法，而从JdkDynamicAopProxy的源码可以看到这个类其实也实现了InvocationHandler，以下是invoke()方法的实现：
@Override
@Nullable
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
MethodInvocation invocation;
Object oldProxy = null;
boolean setProxyContext = false;
TargetSource targetSource = this.advised.targetSource;
Object target = null;
try {
//eqauls()方法，具目标对象未实现此方法
if (!this.equalsDefined && AopUtils.isEqualsMethod(method)) {
// The target does not implement the equals(Object) method itself.
return equals(args[0]);
}
//hashCode()方法，具目标对象未实现此方法
else if (!this.hashCodeDefined && AopUtils.isHashCodeMethod(method)) {
// The target does not implement the hashCode() method itself.
return hashCode();
}
else if (method.getDeclaringClass() == DecoratingProxy.class) {
// There is only getDecoratedClass() declared -> dispatch to proxy config.
return AopProxyUtils.ultimateTargetClass(this.advised);
}
//Advised接口或者其父接口中定义的方法,直接反射调用,不应用通知
else if (!this.advised.opaque && method.getDeclaringClass().isInterface() &&
method.getDeclaringClass().isAssignableFrom(Advised.class)) {
// Service invocations on ProxyConfig with the proxy config...
return AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(this.advised, method, args);
}
Object retVal;
if (this.advised.exposeProxy) {
// Make invocation available if necessary.
oldProxy = AopContext.setCurrentProxy(proxy);
setProxyContext = true;
}
// Get as late as possible to minimize the time we "own" the target,
// in case it comes from a pool.
//获得目标对象的类
target = targetSource.getTarget();
Class<?> targetClass = (target != null ? target.getClass() : null);
// Get the interception chain for this method.
//获取可以应用到此方法上的Interceptor列表
List<Object> chain = this.advised.getInterceptorsAndDynamicInterceptionAdvice(method, targetClass);
// Check whether we have any advice. If we don't, we can fallback on direct
// reflective invocation of the target, and avoid creating a MethodInvocation.
//如果没有可以应用到此方法的通知(Interceptor)，此直接反射调用 method.invoke(target, args)
if (chain.isEmpty()) {
// We can skip creating a MethodInvocation: just invoke the target directly
// Note that the final invoker must be an InvokerInterceptor so we know it does
// nothing but a reflective operation on the target, and no hot swapping or fancy proxying.
Object[] argsToUse = AopProxyUtils.adaptArgumentsIfNecessary(method, args);
retVal = AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(target, method, argsToUse);
}
else {
// We need to create a method invocation...
//创建MethodInvocation
invocation = new ReflectiveMethodInvocation(proxy, target, method, args, targetClass, chain);
// Proceed to the joinpoint through the interceptor chain.
retVal = invocation.proceed();
}
// Massage return value if necessary.
Class<?> returnType = method.getReturnType();
if (retVal != null && retVal == target &&
returnType != Object.class && returnType.isInstance(proxy) &&
!RawTargetAccess.class.isAssignableFrom(method.getDeclaringClass())) {
// Special case: it returned "this" and the return type of the method
// is type-compatible. Note that we can't help if the target sets
// a reference to itself in another returned object.
retVal = proxy;
}
else if (retVal == null && returnType != Void.TYPE && returnType.isPrimitive()) {
throw new AopInvocationException(
"Null return value from advice does not match primitive return type for: " + method);
}
return retVal;
}
finally {
if (target != null && !targetSource.isStatic()) {
// Must have come from TargetSource.
targetSource.releaseTarget(target);
}
if (setProxyContext) {
// Restore old proxy.
AopContext.setCurrentProxy(oldProxy);
}
}
}
整体实现流程简述：首先通过方法Advised.getInterceptorAndDynamicInterceptionAdvice()获取应用到此方法上的通知链（Interceptor Chain）.如果有通知就应用通知，并执行JoinPoint；如果没有通知，则直接反射执行JoinPoint。
public List<Object> getInterceptorsAndDynamicInterceptionAdvice(Method method, @Nullable Class<?> targetClass) {
MethodCacheKey cacheKey = new MethodCacheKey(method);
List<Object> cached = this.methodCache.get(cacheKey);
if (cached == null) {
cached = this.advisorChainFactory.getInterceptorsAndDynamicInterceptionAdvice(
this, method, targetClass);
this.methodCache.put(cacheKey, cached);
}
return cached;
}实际获取通知的实现逻辑是由AdvisorChainFactory的getInterceptorsAndDynamicInterceptionAdvice()方法来完成，获取到的结果会被缓存下来：
/**
* 从提供的配置实例config中获取advisor列表,遍历处理这些advisor.如果是IntroductionAdvisor,
* 则判断此Advisor能否应用到目标类targetClass上.如果是PointcutAdvisor,则判断
* 此Advisor能否应用到目标方法method上.将满足条件的Advisor通过AdvisorAdaptor转化成Interceptor列表返回.
*/
@Override
public List<Object> getInterceptorsAndDynamicInterceptionAdvice(
Advised config, Method method, @Nullable Class<?> targetClass) {
// This is somewhat tricky... We have to process introductions first,
// but we need to preserve order in the ultimate list.
List<Object> interceptorList = new ArrayList<>(config.getAdvisors().length);
Class<?> actualClass = (targetClass != null ? targetClass : method.getDeclaringClass());
//查看是否包含IntroductionAdvisor
boolean hasIntroductions = hasMatchingIntroductions(config, actualClass);
//这里实际上注册一系列AdvisorAdapter,用于将Advisor转化成MethodInterceptor
AdvisorAdapterRegistry registry = GlobalAdvisorAdapterRegistry.getInstance();
for (Advisor advisor : config.getAdvisors()) {
if (advisor instanceof PointcutAdvisor) {
// Add it conditionally.
PointcutAdvisor pointcutAdvisor = (PointcutAdvisor) advisor;
if (config.isPreFiltered() || pointcutAdvisor.getPointcut().getClassFilter().matches(actualClass)) {
//这个地方这两个方法的位置可以互换下
//将Advisor转化成Interceptor
MethodInterceptor[] interceptors = registry.getInterceptors(advisor);
//检查当前advisor的pointcut是否可以匹配当前方法
MethodMatcher mm = pointcutAdvisor.getPointcut().getMethodMatcher();
if (MethodMatchers.matches(mm, method, actualClass, hasIntroductions)) {
if (mm.isRuntime()) {
// Creating a new object instance in the getInterceptors() method
// isn't a problem as we normally cache created chains.
for (MethodInterceptor interceptor : interceptors) {
interceptorList.add(new InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher(interceptor, mm));
}
}
else {
interceptorList.addAll(Arrays.asList(interceptors));
}
}
}
}
else if (advisor instanceof IntroductionAdvisor) {
IntroductionAdvisor ia = (IntroductionAdvisor) advisor;
if (config.isPreFiltered() || ia.getClassFilter().matches(actualClass)) {
Interceptor[] interceptors = registry.getInterceptors(advisor);
interceptorList.addAll(Arrays.asList(interceptors));
}
}
else {
Interceptor[] interceptors = registry.getInterceptors(advisor);
interceptorList.addAll(Arrays.asList(interceptors));
}
}
return interceptorList;
}这个方法执行完成之后，Advised中配置能够应用到连接点（JoinPoint）或者目标类（Target Object）的Advisor全部被转化为MethodInterceptor，得到的拦截器如何起作用：
//如果没有可以应用到此方法的通知(Interceptor)，此直接反射调用 method.invoke(target, args)
if (chain.isEmpty()) {
Object[] argsToUse = AopProxyUtils.adaptArgumentsIfNecessary(method, args);
retVal = AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(target, method, argsToUse);
}else {
//创建MethodInvocation
invocation = new ReflectiveMethodInvocation(proxy, target, method, args, targetClass, chain);
// Proceed to the joinpoint through the interceptor chain.
retVal = invocation.proceed();
}如果得到的拦截器链为空，则直接反射调用目标方法，否则创建MethodInvocaton，调用其proceed()方法，触发拦截器链的执行，
@Override
@Nullable
public Object proceed() throws Throwable {
// We start with an index of -1 and increment early.
//如果Interceptor执行完了，则执行joinPoint
if (this.currentInterceptorIndex == this.interceptorsAndDynamicMethodMatchers.size() - 1) {
return invokeJoinpoint();
}
Object interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice =
this.interceptorsAndDynamicMethodMatchers.get(++this.currentInterceptorIndex);
//如果要动态匹配joinPoint
if (interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice instanceof InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher) {
// Evaluate dynamic method matcher here: static part will already have
// been evaluated and found to match.
InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher dm =
(InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher) interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice;
//动态匹配：运行时参数是否满足匹配条件
if (dm.methodMatcher.matches(this.method, this.targetClass, this.arguments)) {
return dm.interceptor.invoke(this);
}
else {
// Dynamic matching failed.
// Skip this interceptor and invoke the next in the chain.
//动态匹配失败时,略过当前Intercetpor,调用下一个Interceptor
return proceed();
}
}
else {
// It's an interceptor, so we just invoke it: The pointcut will have
// been evaluated statically before this object was constructed.
//执行当前Intercetpor
return ((MethodInterceptor) interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice).invoke(this);
}
}通知链形成之后就可以执行反射调用了：
@Nullable
public static Object invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(@Nullable Object target, Method method, Object[] args)
throws Throwable {
// Use reflection to invoke the method.
try {
ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(method);
return method.invoke(target, args);
}
catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
// Invoked method threw a checked exception.
// We must rethrow it. The client won't see the interceptor.
throw ex.getTargetException();
}
catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
throw new AopInvocationException("AOP configuration seems to be invalid: tried calling method [" +
method + "] on target [" + target + "]", ex);
}
catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
throw new AopInvocationException("Could not access method [" + method + "]", ex);
}
}触发通知：
在为AopProxy代理对象配置拦截器的实现中，有一个取得拦截器的配置过程，这个过程是由DefaultAdvisorChainFactory实现的，这个工厂负责生成拦截器链，在它的getInterceptorsAndDynamicInterceptionAdvice方法中，有一个适配器和注册过程，通过配置Spring预先设计好的拦截器，Spring加入了它对AOP实现的处理。
@Override
public List<Object> getInterceptorsAndDynamicInterceptionAdvice(
Advised config, Method method, @Nullable Class<?> targetClass) {
// This is somewhat tricky... We have to process introductions first,
// but we need to preserve order in the ultimate list.
List<Object> interceptorList = new ArrayList<>(config.getAdvisors().length);
Class<?> actualClass = (targetClass != null ? targetClass : method.getDeclaringClass());
//查看是否包含IntroductionAdvisor
boolean hasIntroductions = hasMatchingIntroductions(config, actualClass);
//这里实际上注册一系列AdvisorAdapter,用于将Advisor转化成MethodInterceptor
AdvisorAdapterRegistry registry = GlobalAdvisorAdapterRegistry.getInstance();
for (Advisor advisor : config.getAdvisors()) {
..................
}
return interceptorList;
}GlobalAdvisorAdapterRegistry负责拦截器的适配和注册过程。public abstract class GlobalAdvisorAdapterRegistry {
/**
* Keep track of a single instance so we can return it to classes that request it.
*/
private static AdvisorAdapterRegistry instance = new DefaultAdvisorAdapterRegistry();
/**
* Return the singleton {@link DefaultAdvisorAdapterRegistry} instance.
*/
public static AdvisorAdapterRegistry getInstance() {
return instance;
}
/**
* Reset the singleton {@link DefaultAdvisorAdapterRegistry}, removing any
* {@link AdvisorAdapterRegistry#registerAdvisorAdapter(AdvisorAdapter) registered}
* adapters.
*/
static void reset() {
instance = new DefaultAdvisorAdapterRegistry();
}
}而GlobalAdvisorAdapterRegister起到了适配器和单例模式的作用，提供了一个DefaultAdvisorAdapterRegister，它用来完成各种通知的适配和注册的过程。
public class DefaultAdvisorAdapterRegistry implements AdvisorAdapterRegistry, Serializable {
private final List<AdvisorAdapter> adapters = new ArrayList<>(3);
/**
* Create a new DefaultAdvisorAdapterRegistry, registering well-known adapters.
*/
public DefaultAdvisorAdapterRegistry() {
registerAdvisorAdapter(new MethodBeforeAdviceAdapter());
registerAdvisorAdapter(new AfterReturningAdviceAdapter());
registerAdvisorAdapter(new ThrowsAdviceAdapter());
}
@Override
public Advisor wrap(Object adviceObject) throws UnknownAdviceTypeException {
if (adviceObject instanceof Advisor) {
return (Advisor) adviceObject;
}
if (!(adviceObject instanceof Advice)) {
throw new UnknownAdviceTypeException(adviceObject);
}
Advice advice = (Advice) adviceObject;
if (advice instanceof MethodInterceptor) {
// So well-known it doesn't even need an adapter.
return new DefaultPointcutAdvisor(advice);
}
for (AdvisorAdapter adapter : this.adapters) {
// Check that it is supported.
if (adapter.supportsAdvice(advice)) {
return new DefaultPointcutAdvisor(advice);
}
}
throw new UnknownAdviceTypeException(advice);
}
@Override
public MethodInterceptor[] getInterceptors(Advisor advisor) throws UnknownAdviceTypeException {
List<MethodInterceptor> interceptors = new ArrayList<>(3);
Advice advice = advisor.getAdvice();
if (advice instanceof MethodInterceptor) {
interceptors.add((MethodInterceptor) advice);
}
for (AdvisorAdapter adapter : this.adapters) {
if (adapter.supportsAdvice(advice)) {
interceptors.add(adapter.getInterceptor(advisor));
}
}
if (interceptors.isEmpty()) {
throw new UnknownAdviceTypeException(advisor.getAdvice());
}
return interceptors.toArray(new MethodInterceptor[interceptors.size()]);
}
@Override
public void registerAdvisorAdapter(AdvisorAdapter adapter) {
this.adapters.add(adapter);
}
}
DefaultAdvisorAdapterRegistry设置了一系列的配置，正是这些适配器的实现，为Spring AOP提供了编织能力。以MethodBeforeAdviceAdapter为例，看看具体的实现：
class MethodBeforeAdviceAdapter implements AdvisorAdapter, Serializable {
@Override
public boolean supportsAdvice(Advice advice) {
return (advice instanceof MethodBeforeAdvice);
}
@Override
public MethodInterceptor getInterceptor(Advisor advisor) {
MethodBeforeAdvice advice = (MethodBeforeAdvice) advisor.getAdvice();
return new MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor(advice);
}
}Spring AOP为了实现advice的织入，设计了特定的拦截器对这些功能进行了封装，例如MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor：
public class MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor implements MethodInterceptor, Serializable {
private MethodBeforeAdvice advice;
/**
* Create a new MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor for the given advice.
* @param advice the MethodBeforeAdvice to wrap
*/
public MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor(MethodBeforeAdvice advice) {
Assert.notNull(advice, "Advice must not be null");
this.advice = advice;
}
@Override
public Object invoke(MethodInvocation mi) throws Throwable {
this.advice.before(mi.getMethod(), mi.getArguments(), mi.getThis() );
return mi.proceed();
}
}在invoke方法中，首先触发的是advice的before回调，然后是proceed。
AfterReturnAdviceInterceptor的源码：
class AfterReturningAdviceAdapter implements AdvisorAdapter, Serializable {
@Override
public boolean supportsAdvice(Advice advice) {
return (advice instanceof AfterReturningAdvice);
}
@Override
public MethodInterceptor getInterceptor(Advisor advisor) {
AfterReturningAdvice advice = (AfterReturningAdvice) advisor.getAdvice();
return new AfterReturningAdviceInterceptor(advice);
}
}ThrowsAdviceAdapter 的源码：
class ThrowsAdviceAdapter implements AdvisorAdapter, Serializable {
@Override
public boolean supportsAdvice(Advice advice) {
return (advice instanceof ThrowsAdvice);
}
@Override
public MethodInterceptor getInterceptor(Advisor advisor) {
return new ThrowsAdviceInterceptor(advisor.getAdvice());
}
}因此，我们可以看见目标对象的增强是通过拦截器来实现的。
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