Mongodb使用笔记

Mongodb使用笔记

一、安装

1. 下载地址：
   https://www.mongodb.org/dl/win32/x86_64-2008plus-ssl?_ga=2.224499034.1937345960.1533433838-1304921847.1533433838
2. 解压缩到自己想要安装的目录，比如d:\mongodb
3. 创建文件夹d:\mongodb\db、d:\mongodb\log，分别用来安装db和日志文件，在log文件夹下创建一个日志文件MongoDB.log，即d:\mongodb\log\MongoDB.log
4. 运行cmd.exe进入dos命令界面，执行下列命令
   　　> cd d:\mongodb\bin
   　　> d:\mongodb\bin>mongod -dbpath “d:\mongodb\db”
5. 测试链接。在浏览器中输入：http://localhost:27017
   It looks like you are trying to access MongoDB over HTTP on the native driver port.表示启动成功
6. 当mongod.exe被关闭时，mongo.exe 就无法连接到数据库了，因此每次想使用mongodb数据库都要开启mongod.exe程序，所以比较麻烦，此时我们可以将MongoDB安装为windows服务
   cmd跳转到mongodb下的bin目录下输入
   mongod --logpath d:\mongodb\log\mongodb.log --logappend --dbpath d:\mongodb\db --directoryperdb --serviceName MongoDB --install

二、使用Shell

继续输入：
mongo
如果是连接远程数据库：
mongo 192.168.1.200:27017/database -u user -p password
然后使用如下5个命令进行数据库的创建、查找
show dbs
use taskdb
db.task.insert({…})
show collections
db.task.find()

管理员:c:\windows\system32\cmd.exe - mongo
D:\mongodb\bin>mongo
MongoDB shell version v3.4.1
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017
MongoDB server version: 3.4.1
Welcome to the MongoDB shell.
For interactive help, type “help”.
For more comprehensive documentation, see
http://docs.mongodb.org/
Questions? Try the support group
http://groups.google.com/group/mongodb-user
Server has startup warnings:
2018-08-05T10:38:19.068+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2018-08-05T10:38:19.069+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Access contr
ol is not enabled for the database.
2018-08-05T10:38:19.070+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** Read and wri
te access to data and configuration is unrestricted.
2018-08-05T10:38:19.071+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2018-08-05T10:38:19.072+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] Hotfix KB2731284 or late
r update is not installed, will zero-out data files.
2018-08-05T10:38:19.073+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]

show dbs
admin 0.000GB
local 0.000GB
use taskdb
switched to db taskdb
db.task.insert({name:“第一个任务”,states:{name:“创建”,person:“Jim”}})
WriteResult({ “nInserted” : 1 })
show dbs
admin 0.000GB
local 0.000GB
taskdb 0.000GB
show collections
task
db.task.find()
{ “_id” : ObjectId(“5b66677231e557b59154c59f”), “name” : “第一个任务”, “states”
: { “name” : “创建”, “person” : “Jim” } }

三、java连接Mongodb

1、Maven添加依赖

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
        <artifactId>mongodb-driver</artifactId>
        <version>3.4.1</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
        <artifactId>bson</artifactId>
        <version>3.4.1</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2、连接数据库的Java代码如

import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
 
public class MongoDBJDBC{
   public static void main( String args[] ){
      try{  
       // 连接到 mongodb 服务
         MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient( "localhost" , 27017 );
      
         // 连接到数据库
         MongoDatabase mongoDatabase = mongoClient.getDatabase("mycol"); 
       System.out.println("Connect to database successfully");
       
      }catch(Exception e){
        System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
     }
   }
}

3、如果你的 Mongo 需要验证用户名及密码，可以使用以下代码：

package com.iwhere.rongyun.config;
 
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.content;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.bson.Document;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.MongoClientOptions;
import com.mongodb.MongoCredential;
import com.mongodb.ServerAddress;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
 
@Configuration
public class MongoConfig {
    private static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MongoConfig.class);   
    @Value("${mongodb.hostports}")
    private String hostports;   
    @Value("${mongodb.maxConnect}")
    private String maxConnect;
    @Value("${mongodb.maxWaitThread}")
    private String maxWaitThread;
    @Value("${mongodb.maxTimeOut}")
    private String maxTimeOut;
    @Value("${mongodb.maxWaitTime}")
    private String maxWaitTime;   
    @Value("${mongodb.username}")
    private String username;
    @Value("${mongodb.password}")
    private String password;
    @Value("${mongodb.database}")
    private String database;
    @Value("${mongodb.collection")
    private String collection;   
   
    @Bean
    public MongoClient mongoClient() {
        MongoClient mongoClient = null;       
        MongoClientOptions.Builder build = new MongoClientOptions.Builder(); 
        build.connectionsPerHost(Integer.valueOf(maxConnect)); 
        build.threadsAllowedToBlockForConnectionMultiplier(Integer.valueOf(maxWaitThread)); 
        build.connectTimeout(Integer.valueOf(maxTimeOut) * 1000); 
        build.maxWaitTime(Integer.valueOf(maxWaitTime) * 1000); 
        MongoClientOptions options = build.build();          
        try {
            List<ServerAddress> addrs = new ArrayList<ServerAddress>(); 
            for (String hostport : hostports.split(", *")) {
                if (StringUtils.isBlank(hostport)) {
                    continue;
                }
                hostport = hostport.trim();               
                ServerAddress serverAddress = new ServerAddress(hostport.split(":")[0],Integer.valueOf(hostport.split(":")[1]));
                addrs.add(serverAddress); 
            }             
            MongoCredential credential = MongoCredential.createScramSha1Credential(username, database, password.toCharArray()); 
            List<MongoCredential> credentials = new ArrayList<MongoCredential>(); 
            credentials.add(credential);           
            mongoClient = new MongoClient(addrs,credentials, options);             
            LOGGER.info("【mongodb client】: mongodb客户端创建成功");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            LOGGER.error("【mongodb client】: mongodb客户端创建成功");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return mongoClient;
    }
   
    @Bean
    public MongoDatabase mongoDatabase(MongoClient mongoClient) {
         MongoDatabase mongoDatabase = mongoClient.getDatabase(database);
         return mongoDatabase;
    }
   
    @Bean
    public MongoCollection<Document> mongoCollection(MongoDatabase mongoDatabase) {
        MongoCollection<Document> mongoCollection = mongoDatabase.getCollection(collection);
        return mongoCollection;
    }
   
}

通过spring配置文件注入所需的值即可, mondb.properties为:

mongodb.hostports=192.168.51.100:2,192.168.51.101:533,192.168.51.102:21
mongodb.maxConnect=50
mongodb.maxWaitThread=50
mongodb.maxTimeOut=60
mongodb.maxWaitTime=60
mongodb.username=name
mongodb.password=pass
mongodb.database=data
mongodb.collection=user_rongyun

4、创建集合、选择集合、插入文档、检索所有文档、更新结果、检索结果

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.bson.Document;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
 
public class MongoDBJDBC{
   public static void main( String args[] ){
      try{   
         // 连接到 mongodb 服务
         MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient( "localhost" , 27017 );         
         // 连接到数据库
         MongoDatabase mongoDatabase = mongoClient.getDatabase("mycol");  
         System.out.println("Connect to database successfully");
         mongoDatabase.createCollection("test");
         System.out.println("集合创建成功");         
         MongoCollection<Document> collection = mongoDatabase.getCollection("test");
         System.out.println("集合 test 选择成功");
         //插入文档  
         /** 
           * 1. 创建文档 org.bson.Document 参数为key-value的格式 
           * 2. 创建文档集合List<Document> 
           * 3. 将文档集合插入数据库集合中 mongoCollection.insertMany(List<Document>) 插入单个文档可以用 mongoCollection.insertOne(Document) 
           * */
         Document document = new Document("title", "MongoDB").  
         append("description", "database").  
         append("likes", 100).  
         append("by", "Fly");  
         List<Document> documents = new ArrayList<Document>();  
         documents.add(document);  
         collection.insertMany(documents);  
         System.out.println("文档插入成功");  
         //检索所有文档  
         /** 
           * 1. 获取迭代器FindIterable<Document> 
           * 2. 获取游标MongoCursor<Document> 
           * 3. 通过游标遍历检索出的文档集合 
           * */  
         FindIterable<Document> findIterable = collection.find();  
         MongoCursor<Document> mongoCursor = findIterable.iterator();  
         while(mongoCursor.hasNext()){  
            System.out.println(mongoCursor.next());  
         }  
         //更新文档   将文档中likes=100的文档修改为likes=200   
         collection.updateMany(Filters.eq("likes", 100)
                  , new Document("$set",new Document("likes",200)));  
         //检索查看结果  
         FindIterable<Document> findIterable = collection.find();  
         MongoCursor<Document> mongoCursor = findIterable.iterator();  
         while(mongoCursor.hasNext()){  
            System.out.println(mongoCursor.next());  
         }  
      }catch(Exception e){
         System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
      }
   }
}