java中String的操作api

创建一个字符串实例变量

StringB?r b = new StringB?r(\"Java\");

    // Append

    b.append(\" Almanac v1/\");      // Java Almanac v1/

    b.append(3);                   // Java Almanac v1/3

    // Set

    int index = 15;

    b.setCharAt(index, \'.\');       // Java Almanac v1.3

    // Insert

    index = 5;

    b.insert(index, \"Developers \");// Java Developers Almanac v1.3

    // Replace

    int start = 27;

    int end = 28;

    b.replace(start, end, \"4\");    // Java Developers Almanac v1.4

    // Delete

    start = 24;

    end = 25;

    b.delete(start, end);          // Java Developers Almanac 1.4

    // Convert to string

    String s = b.toString();

比较字符串

String s1 = \"a\";

    String s2 = \"A\";

    String s3 = \"B\";

    // Check if identical 监测是否一致

    boolean b = s1.eq ls(s2);           // false

    // Check if identical ignoring case

    b = s1.eq lsIgnoreCase(s2);         // tr

    // Check order of two strings 监测两个字符串的顺序

    int i = s1.compareTo(s2);            // 32; lowercase follows uppercase

    if (i < 0) {

        // s1 precedes s2

    } else if (i > 0) {

        // s1 follows s2

    } else {

        // s1 eq ls s2

    }

    // Check order of two strings ignoring case

    i = s1.compareToIgnoreCase(s3);      // -1

    if (i < 0) {

        // s1 precedes s3

    } else if (i > 0) {

        // s1 follows s3

    } else {

        // s1 eq ls s3

    }

    // A string can also be compared with a StringB?r;

    StringB?r sb = new StringB?r(\"a\");

    b = s1.contentEq ls(sb);          // tr

判断一个字符串中是否包含另外一个字符串

String string = \"Madam, I am Adam\";

    // Starts with

    boolean  b = string.startsWith(\"Mad\");  // tr

    // Ends with

    b = string.endsWith(\"dam\");             // tr

    // Anywhere

    b = string.indexOf(\"I am\") > 0;         // tr

    // To ignore case, regular expressions must be used

    // Starts with

    b = string.matches(\"(?i)mad.*\");

    // Ends with

    b = string.matches(\"(?i).*adam\");

    // Anywhere

    b = string.matches(\"(?i).*i am.*\");

获取制定字符串中的子串

int start = 1;

    int end = 4;

    String s str = \"aString\".s string(start, end);   // Str

查询指定字符串中的子串以及字母的位置

String string = \"madam, i am Adam\";

    // Characters

        // First occurrence of a c

        int index = string.indexOf(\'a\');    // 1

        // Last occurrence

        index = string.lastIndexOf(\'a\');    // 14

        // Not found

        index = string.lastIndexOf(\'z\');    // -1

    // S strings

        // First occurrence

        index = string.indexOf(\"dam\");      // 1

        // Last occurrence

        index = string.lastIndexOf(\"dam\");  // 13

        // Not found

        index = string.lastIndexOf(\"z\");    // -1

取代制定字符的函数操作

// Replace all occurrences of \'a\' with \'o\'

    String newString = string.replace(\'a\', \'o\');

取代制定字符串的操作

static String replace(String str, String pattern, String replace) {

        int s = 0;

        int e = 0;

        StringB?r result = new StringB?r();

        while ((e = str.indexOf(pattern, s)) >= 0) {

            result.append(str.s string(s, e));

            result.append(replace);

            s = e+pattern.length();

        }

        result.append(str.s string(s));

        return result.toString();

    }

转变字符串的大小写

// Convert to upper case

    String upper = string.toUpperCase();

    // Convert to lower case

    String lower = string.toLowerCase();

Converting a Primitive Type Val to a String

// Use String.valOf()

    String s = String.valOf(tr);     // tr

    s = String.valOf((byte)0x12);      // 18

    s = String.valOf((byte)0xFF);      // -1

    s = String.valOf(\'a\');             // a

    s = String.valOf((short)123);      // 123

    s = String.valOf(123);             // 123

    s = String.valOf(123L);            // 123

    s = String.valOf(1.23F);           // 1.23

    s = String.valOf(1.23D);           // 1.23

    // Use +

    s = \"\"+tr;                         // tr

    s = \"\"+((byte)0x12);                 // 18

    s = \"\"+((byte)0xFF);                 // -1

    s = \"\"+\'a\';                          // a

    s = \"\"+((short)123);                 // 123

    s = \"\"+123;                          // 123

    s = \"\"+123L;                         // 123

    s = \"\"+1.23F;                        // 1.23

    s = \"\"+1.23D;                        // 1.23

Converting Between Unicode and UTF-8

try {

        // Convert from Unicode to UTF-8

        String string = \"abc\\嘹\\嘻\";

        byte[] utf8 = string.getBytes(\"UTF-8\");

        // Convert from UTF-8 to Unicode

        string = new String(utf8, \"UTF-8\");

    } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

    }

Determining a Character\'s Unicode Block

char ch = \'\\嘹\';

    Character.UnicodeBlock block = Character.UnicodeBlock.of(ch);

Determining If a String Is a Legal Java Identifier

// Returns tr if s is a legal Java identifier.

    p lic static boolean isJavaIdentifier(String s) {

        if (s.length() == 0 || !Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(s.charAt(0))) {

            return false;

        }

        for (int i=1; i<s.length(); i++) {

            if (!Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(s.charAt(i))) {

                return false;

            }

        }

        return tr;

    }

    // Some examples

    boolean b = isJavaIdentifier(\"my_var\"); // tr

    b = isJavaIdentifier(\"my_var.1\");       // false

    b = isJavaIdentifier(\"$my_var\");        // tr

    b = isJavaIdentifier(\"\\Αvar\");      // tr

    b = isJavaIdentifier(\"_\");              // tr

    b = isJavaIdentifier(\"___FCKpd___175quot;);              // tr

    b = isJavaIdentifier(\"1$my_var\");       // false

Numbers

精确计算类实例

package hxj;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

/**

* 由于Java的简单类型不能够精确的对浮点数进行运算，这个工具类提供精

* 确的浮点数运算，包括加减乘除和四舍五入。

*/

p lic class mymatch {

//默认除法运算精度

private static final int DEF_DIV_SCALE = 10;

//这个类不能实例化

private Arith() {}

/**

* 提供精确的加法运算。

* @param v1 被加数

* @param v2 加数

* @return 两个参数的和

*/

p lic static do le add(do le v1, do le v2) {

BigDecimal b1 = new BigDecimal(Do le.toString(v1));

BigDecimal b2 = new BigDecimal(Do le.toString(v2));

return b1.add(b2).do leVal();

}

/**

* 提供精确的减法运算。

* @param v1 被减数

* @param v2 减数

* @return 两个参数的差

*/

p lic static do le s (do le v1, do le v2) {

BigDecimal b1 = new BigDecimal(Do le.toString(v1));

BigDecimal b2 = new BigDecimal(Do le.toString(v2));

return b1.s tract(b2).do leVal();

}

/**

* 提供精确的乘法运算。

* @param v1 被乘数

* @param v2 乘数

* @return 两个参数的

*/

p lic static do le mul(do le v1, do le v2) {

BigDecimal b1 = new BigDecimal(Do le.toString(v1));

BigDecimal b2 = new BigDecimal(Do le.toString(v2));

return b1.multiply(b2).do leVal();

}

/**

* 提供（相对）精确的除法运算，当发生除不尽的情况时，精确到

* 小数点以后10位，以后的数字四舍五入。

* @param v1 被除数

* @param v2 除数

* @return 两个参数的商

*/

p lic static do le div(do le v1, do le v2) {

return div(v1, v2, DEF_DIV_SCALE);

}

/**

* 提供（相对）精确的除法运算。当发生除不尽的情况时，由scale参数指

* 定精度，以后的数字四舍五入。

* @param v1 被除数

* @param v2 除数

* @param scale 表示表示需要精确到小数点以后几位。

* @return 两个参数的商

*/

p lic static do le div(do le v1, do le v2, int scale) {

if (scale < 0) {

throw new IllegalArgumentException(\"The scale must be a positive integer or zero\");

}

BigDecimal b1 = new BigDecimal(Do le.toString(v1));

BigDecimal b2 = new BigDecimal(Do le.toString(v2));

return b1.divide(b2, scale, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP).do leVal();

}

/**

* 提供精确的小数位四舍五入处理。

* @param v 需要四舍五入的数字

* @param scale 小数点后保留几位

* @return 四舍五入后的结果

*/

p lic static do le round(do le v, int scale) {

if (scale < 0) {

throw new IllegalArgumentException(\"The scale must be a positive integer or zero\");

}

BigDecimal b = new BigDecimal(Do le.toString(v));

BigDecimal one = new BigDecimal(\"1\");

return b.divide(one, scale, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP).do leVal();

}

};

转变字符串为数字格式

byte b = Byte.parseByte(\"123\");

    short s = Short.parseShort(\"123\");

    int i = Integer.parseInt(\"123\");

    long l = Long.parseLong(\"123\");

    float f = Float.parseFloat(\"123.4\");

    do le d = Do le.parseDo le(\"123.4e10\");

Parsing and Formatting a Number into Binary, Octal, and Hexadecimal

 int i = 1023;

    // Parse and format to binary

    i = Integer.parseInt(\"1111111111\", 2); // 1023

    String s = Integer.toString(i, 2);     // 1111111111

    // Parse and format to octal

    i = Integer.parseInt(\"1777\", 8);       // 1023

    s = Integer.toString(i, 8);            // 1777

    // Parse and format to decimal

    i = Integer.parseInt(\"1023\");          // 1023

    s = Integer.toString(i);               // 1023

    // Parse and format to hexadecimal

    i = Integer.parseInt(\"3ff\", 16);       // 1023

    s = Integer.toString(i, 16);           // 3ff

    // Parse and format to arbitrary radix <= Character.MAX_RADIX

    int radix = 32;

    i = Integer.parseInt(\"vv\", radix);     // 1023

    s = Integer.toString(i, radix);        // vv