MARK ：Hive 的 自定义 Inputformat

Hive默认创建的表字段分隔符为：\001(ctrl-A)，也可以通过 ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY 指定其他字符，但是该语法只支持单个字符，如果你的分隔符是多个字符，则需要你自定义InputFormat来实现，本文就以简单的示例演示多个字符作为分隔符的实现。

[一]、开发环境

• Hadoop 2.2.0
• Hive 0.12.0
• Java1.6+
• Mac OSX 10.9.1

[二]、示例

1、准备演示数据 mydemosplit.txt

1	michael|@^_^@|hadoop|@^_^@|http://www.micmiu.com/opensource/hadoop/hive-metastore-config/

2	michael|@^_^@|j2ee|@^_^@|http://www.micmiu.com/j2ee/hibernate/hibernate-jpa-demo/

3	michael|@^_^@|groovy|@^_^@|http://www.micmiu.com/lang/groovy/groovy-running-ways/

4	michael|@^_^@|sso|@^_^@|http://www.micmiu.com/enterprise-app/sso/sso-cas-ldap-auth/

5	michael|@^_^@|hadoop|@^_^@|http://www.micmiu.com/opensource/hadoop/hive-tutorial-ddl-dml/

6	michael|@^_^@|j2ee|@^_^@|http://www.micmiu.com/j2ee/spring/springmvc-binding-date/

7	michael|@^_^@|hadoop|@^_^@|http://www.micmiu.com/opensource/hadoop/hadoop2x-cluster-setup/

分隔符为：“|@^_^@| ”

2、编码实现InputFormat

MyDemoInputFormat.java

1	package com.micmiu.hive;

2

3	import java.io.IOException;

4

5	import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;

6	import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;

7	import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.FileSplit;

8	import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.InputSplit;

9	import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobConf;

10	import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.LineRecordReader;

11	import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.RecordReader;

12	import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Reporter;

13	import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextInputFormat;

14

15

/**

16

*

17	* hive 自定义分隔符 比如：|@^_^@|

18

*

19	* @author <a href="http://www.micmiu.com">Michael</a>

20	* @create Feb 24, 2014 3:11:16 PM

21	* @version 1.0

22

*/

23	public class MyDemoInputFormat extends TextInputFormat {

24

25

@Override

26	public RecordReader<LongWritable, Text> getRecordReader(

27	InputSplit genericSplit, JobConf job, Reporter reporter)

28	throws IOException {

29	reporter.setStatus(genericSplit.toString());

30	MyDemoRecordReader reader = new MyDemoRecordReader(

31	new LineRecordReader(job, (FileSplit) genericSplit));

32	return reader;

33

}

34

35	public static class MyDemoRecordReader implements

36	RecordReader<LongWritable, Text> {

37

38	LineRecordReader reader;

39	Text text;

40

41	public MyDemoRecordReader(LineRecordReader reader) {

42	this.reader = reader;

43	text = reader.createValue();

44

}

45

46

@Override

47	public void close() throws IOException {

48	reader.close();

49

}

50

51

@Override

52	public LongWritable createKey() {

53	return reader.createKey();

54

}

55

56

@Override

57	public Text createValue() {

58	return new Text();

59

}

60

61

@Override

62	public long getPos() throws IOException {

63	return reader.getPos();

64

}

65

66

@Override

67	public float getProgress() throws IOException {

68	return reader.getProgress();

69

}

70

71

@Override

72	public boolean next(LongWritable key, Text value) throws IOException {

73	while (reader.next(key, text)) {

74	// michael|@^_^@|hadoop|@^_^@|http://www.micmiu.com/opensource/hadoop/hive-metastore-config/

75	String strReplace = text.toString().toLowerCase()

76	.replaceAll("\\|@\\^_\\^@\\|", "\001");

77	Text txtReplace = new Text();

78	txtReplace.set(strReplace);

79	value.set(txtReplace.getBytes(), 0, txtReplace.getLength());

80	return true;

81

82

}

83	return false;

84

}

85

}

86

}

ps: 自定义实现接口InputFormat 、RecordReader，具体可以参考源码中得Base64TextInputFormat.java

编译打成jar包后，把该jar包copy一份到<HOME_HIVE>/lib/目录下，需要退出并重新进入Hive CLI模式。

3、建表和导入数据

用参数 STORED AS file_format 建表：

1	hive> CREATE TABLE micmiu_blog(author STRING, category STRING, url STRING) STORED AS INPUTFORMAT 'com.micmiu.hive.MyDemoInputFormat' OUTPUTFORMAT'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.HiveIgnoreKeyTextOutputFormat'

2	hive> desc micmiu_blog;

3

OK

4	author                  string                  None

5	category                string                  None

6	url                     string                  None

7	Time taken: 0.05 seconds, Fetched: 3 row(s)

导入上面的数据文件,对比导入前后表中的数据：

1	hive>select * from  micmiu_blog;                                           OK

2	Time taken: 0.033 seconds

3	hive> LOAD DATA LOCAL INPATH'/Users/micmiu/no_sync/testdata/hadoop/hive/mydemosplit.txt' OVERWRITE INTO TABLE micmiu_blog;

4	Copying data fromfile:/Users/micmiu/no_sync/testdata/hadoop/hive/mydemosplit.txt

5	Copying file: file:/Users/micmiu/no_sync/testdata/hadoop/hive/mydemosplit.txt

6	Loading data to table default.micmiu_blog

7	Table default.micmiu_blog stats: [num_partitions: 0, num_files: 1, num_rows: 0, total_size: 601, raw_data_size: 0]

8

OK

9	Time taken: 0.197 seconds

10	hive> select * from  micmiu_blog;                                                 OK

11	michael hadoop  http://www.micmiu.com/opensource/hadoop/hive-metastore-config/

12	michael j2ee    http://www.micmiu.com/j2ee/hibernate/hibernate-jpa-demo/

13	michael groovy  http://www.micmiu.com/lang/groovy/groovy-running-ways/

14	michael sso http://www.micmiu.com/enterprise-app/sso/sso-cas-ldap-auth/

15	michael hadoop  http://www.micmiu.com/opensource/hadoop/hive-tutorial-ddl-dml/

16	michael j2ee    http://www.micmiu.com/j2ee/spring/springmvc-binding-date/

17	michael hadoop  http://www.micmiu.com/opensource/hadoop/hadoop2x-cluster-setup/

18	Time taken: 0.053 seconds, Fetched: 7 row(s)

19

hive>

从上面的执行过程可以看出已经实现了自定义字符串作为分隔符。