errno 和 strerror函数

        今天写了一个很简单的代码，编译时没啥错误和警告（主要编译选项没开启警告），然后运行时居然 segmentation fault，把我给看傻了，代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>

int main()
{
    int fd = open("readme",  O_RDWR);
    if(fd < 0)
    {
        printf("open fail: %s\n", strerror(errno));
        return fd;
    }

    return 0;
}

代码简单吧，就把 errno 对应的字符串打印出来，结果就 Segmentation fault 了，搞得我以为用法不对呢，我还去 man 了一个 strerror() 函数的用法：

 

用 %s 打印 char * 类型，是对的啊，怎么会这样呢？搞得我还去看了源码，顺便学习了一下 errno，原因后面再讲到。先看一下函数 strerror() 的源码：

/* Copyright (C) 1991-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   This file is part of the GNU C Library.
   The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
   License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
   version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
   L